State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment Data: A Statistical Overview

CRS Report for Congress
Received through t he CRS W e b
St ate and Regional Export and Foreign
Investment Data: A Statistical Overview
Upda ted March 19, 2002
MaryJaneBolle
Specialist in International Trade
Fo reign Affairs, De fense, and Trade Division


Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

State and Regional Export and Foreign Investment
Data: A Statistical Overview
Summary
This statistical overview i s a collection of t ables summarizing key i nternational
t rade d at a, by st at e. The t abl es s how, for each st at e, t h e overal l l evel o f ex port s , t he
relative importance of various trading partners, and t he importance of forei gn
investment. M ore s pecifically, t he tables are divided into three cat egories, providing:
(1) d ata o n ex port l evels and ex port growth s ince 1993, ranked b y s tate both within
the United S tates and within Census regi ons; (2) state ex port d ata t o eight countries
and eight key i nternational regions with which or for which t he United S tates already
has o r i s consi d eri n g t rade agreem ent s and p referential t rade laws, and (3) d ata o n
levels of foreign direct investment, both overall and for the m anufacturing s ector, b y
state. These t ables can be used as ge n e r a l b a c k gr ound or as input into debates o n
t rade agreem ent s and p referent i al t rade l aws from t he perspective o f t he individual
state.
In the pas t 25 years, international t rade has s urged. Merchandise ex ports plus
imports have risen from roughly 1 0 % of GDP in 1973 when ex ports and imports
were nearly equal, to about 20% of GDP in 2000, in which year imports constituted
61% of all goods traded. S ince 1993, shortly before the North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) went i nto effect in 1994 and t he Fi nal Act of the 1986 -1994
Uruguay R ound of trade n egotiations, which created the W orld Trade Organiz ation,
went into effect in 1995, imports have grown roughly 1.5 times as fast as ex ports.
The rising importance of imports a n d e x p o rts to the U.S. economy h as led t o
increased congressional focus on trade i ssues.
While data are readily available on exports by state, data are n o t a v a i l able o n
imports by st at e. Thi s i s because, for t h e m ost p art , each st at e’s ex port s are t racked
from t he air, sea, or land port o f ex i t (typically in t h e s a m e s t a t e i n which t hey are
produced) t o t heir destination countries, wh i l e i m ports are t racked from t he
originating country only as far as the first port of entry into the United States.
Similarly, stat e dat a on forei gn direct investment are availabl e s o l el y for foreign
investment in the United S tates. Data in this report reflect the current international
investment position i n t he United S tates.
State ex port d ata i n t his report i nclude the following countries and t rade areas
which are key t radi n g p a r t n e r s , are covered b y exi st i n g t rade agreem ent s , o r are
covered b y proposed or possible f uture t rade agreem ent s and p referent i al t rade l aws:
C anada, M e x i c o , (Nort h Am eri can Free Trade A greem ent – NAFTA– p art n ers).
J apan, China, the European Un i o n , Latin America (which would j oin with North
Am eri ca t o creat e t he Free Trade A rea o f t he Am eri cas), Assoc i a t i o n o f S out heast
Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries, and Sub-Saharan African countries, p lus C hile,
Is rael, J ordan, and S ingapore. This report will be updated annually, o r as n eeded.



Contents
Impact ofTradeand Investment on EconomicActivity ....................1
CongressionalInterest ..............................................3
HighlightsofDataPresented .........................................3
ANoteontheData ................................................6
ListofFigures
Fi gu re 1. Qui ck R eference Gui d e: W h ere t o Fi n d E x port s , b y S t at e, t o t he
Fo llowing Countries and R egions .................................1
ListofTables
Table 1 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld,
Ranked b y $ Value i n 2000 ......................................7
Table 2 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld,
Ranked b y $ Change in Ex ports, 1993-2000 .........................8
Table 3 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld,
Ranked b y P ercent C hange i n Ex ports, 1993-2000 ....................9
Table 4 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld, R anked b y Ex ports as a P ercent
of Gross S tate Product (GSP), i n 1999 ............................10
Table 5 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld
and Four Key C ountries, 2000 ..................................11
Table 6 . 2000 State M erchandise Ex ports to the W orld and Four Other C ountries for
whichTradeAgreements ExistorAreBeingNegotiated ..............14
Table 7 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld,
by Major W orld Regi on, 2000 ...................................16
Table 8 . 2000 State M erchandise Ex ports to the W orld and Three
Latin-AmericaSub-Regions ....................................18
Table 9 . S tate Merchandise Ex ports to the W orld,
Ranked W ithin Regi on by $ Value, 2000 ..........................21
Table 10. State M erchandise Ex ports to the W orld,
Ranked W ithin Regi on by $ C hange i n Ex ports, 1993-2000 ...........22
Table 11. Levels o f Fo reign Direct Investment (FDI) i n t he United S tates, for All
Industries and fo r M a nufacturing, and t otal FDI as a % o f t otal Gross S tate
Product (GSP), b y R egion and State, 1999 .........................23



State and Regional Export and Foreign
Inves tment D a ta: A Statis tic a l O verview
This s t at i s t i cal overview i s a collection of t ables summarizing some key
i n t ernat i onal t rade dat a, b y s t at e. T he t abl es show, for each st at e, t h e overal l l evel o f
ex ports, t h e r e l a t i v e importance o f v arious trading partners, and t he importance of
foreign i nvestment in the economy o f t hat s tate.
More speci fi cal l y, t he st at e d at a t abl es are d i v i d e d i n t o t hree cat egori es,
providing: (1) data on total s tate ex port l evels and ex port growth s ince 1993; (2) s tate
e x p o r t d a t a t o eight key i nternational regions and eight countries, and (3) d ata o n
foreign direct investment overall, for t he m anufact uri n g s ect or, a n d as a p ercent o f
gross s tate product, by sta t e . T h ese t ables can be used as general b ackground
materials, or as input into debates o n t rade legi slation.
Impact of Trade a nd Investment on Economic
Activity
Fi gu re 1. Q u i ck R ef eren ce Gu i d e:In t h e p ast 2 5 years,
Where to Find Exports, by State, to th einternational t rade h as s urged.
Following Countries and RegionsM e r c handise ex ports p l u s
im p o r t s have risen from
roughly 10% of GDP in 1973
COUNTRIES PAGEwhen t h ey were nearl y equal , t o
Canada ................................... 11nearly 20% o f GDP in 2000, a
Chile .................................... 13year w h en imports accounted
China .................................... 11
Israel ..................................... 13for 61% of all t rade.
Japan .................................... 11
Jordan .................................... 13In particular, s i n ce 1993,
Mexico ................................... 11just before the North American
Singapore ................................. 13
Free Trade Agr eem ent
TRADE REGIONS(NAFTA) and the t he Fi nal
NAFTA .................................. 15Act o f t he 1986 -1994 Uruguay
EuropeanUnion ............................ 15Round of trade n egotiations,
LatinAmerica .............................. 15whi ch creat ed t h e W orl d Trade
CaribbeanBasin .......................... 17
CentralAmerica .......................... 17Organiz ation, went into effect,
SouthAmerica ........................... 17imports have grown v ery fast –
ASEANCountries .......................... 15about twice as fast as ex ports.
Sub-SaharanAfrica ......................... 15This rising importance of
imports and ex p orts, with
implications for both i ndividual



states and t he U.S. economy, has l ed to increased co n g r e s s ional focus on trade
issues. 1
Ex port s offer a num ber o f b enefi t s for s t at es. They are a s ource of pri d e b ecause
they reflect a s tate’s interests i n promoting j obs in manufact uring i n t he larger world
economy. Ex port i ndustries t end t o b e t hos e i n which a s tate has a comparative
advantage, and can produce goods relativel y m o r e e f ficiently (i.e. h ave h igher
productivity) t han can its trading p artners. Ex ports are also a source of jobs. In 2000,
each billion dollars worth o f m erchandise ex ports supported roughly 10,270 jobs. 23
As a result of t heir higher product i v i ty, ex port i ndustries t end t o s upport higher
wages t han o ther manufacturing i ndustries. Thus, s tate ex port i ndustries contribute
to high er productivity and h igher i ncome for the economy as a whole.
Im ports are o ften viewed as threats t o p roducers i n import-competing i ndustries,
since competition from cheaper imports shrinks profit margins and reduces market
share. Im ports often represent “sunset” i ndust r i es and sub-industries – those for
which t he technology has matured enough for production to be m oved abroad and
carried out by less developed countries, where they provide a s pringboard for
economic growth. This l eaves U.S. companies t o focus thei r energies on emerging
and evolving industries. Im ports offer a variety o f b enefits to consumers and to the
economy as a whole, including greater vari ety o f p roducts and quality, and lower
costs o f imports. As a result, consumers are able to buy a l arger quantity of all goods
including domestically produced goods. Im ports have other b enefits as well. They
can serve as i nputs for domestic production, which m ay, i n t urn, be ex ported.
Al ternatively, they may be finished products which i ncorporat e U.S . export s .
Overall, imports, b ecause they are t yp ically les s e x p e n s i v e t han a country could
p r o duce domestically, enable consumers to enjoy, i n effect, a high er standard of
living.
In ward flows o f foreign di r e ct inves tment into stat es (which may appear in a
number o f forms including manufacturing operations, retail s to r e s , financial
institutions, and insurance businesses) are viewed by s ome as a threat to es tablished
businesses and es tablished ways of life. On the other hand, stat es often go t o great
lengths t o attract foreign direct investment, i ncluding competing against other s tates
for it. However, inflows o f foreign direct investment al so bring new companies, new
technologies, new m anagement s trategies, n ew work p ractices, and new j obs. In
some cases there i s b road support for foreign d irect investment. In o ther cases, t here
i s controversy. The t otal stock o f foreign direct investment in the United S t a t e s ,


1 T he W hite House. Economic Report of t he President. February 2002, tables B-1 a nd B-

103.


2 U.S. T r ade Representative estimates based on Department of Commerce data f or preceding
years.
3 T hese f igures are extrapolations from an i nput -output model developed by t he University
of Maryland under c ontract with the Department of Comme rce i n t he 1980s and 1990s. T he
last year for which data were actually calculated by the model was 1994. Because these
extrapolations may not capture important change s i n t he U.S. economy s ince that time, they
should be used with caution.

which comes primarily from Europe and C anada, has grown from $124.7 billion i n

1982 to $1.2 trillion i n 2000.


Out ward fl o ws of U.S . i nvest m ent abroad are al s o s een by som e as soci al and/ or
economic threats. Long established factories might close down and relocate abroad,
or U.S.-bas ed multinational corporat i o n s m i ght s et up new operations in other
developed or devel oping countri es . In deci ding to choose whether to invest
dom est i cal l y or abroad, and where, fi rm s m ake choi ces based o n a broad s pect rum
of econom i c fact ors. The m aj ori t y of U.S . di rect i nvest m ent abroad i s concent rat ed
in advanced economies with cost struct ures similar t o t hose i n t he United S tates, and
t h e s hare has b een ri si ng i n recent years. Onl y 30% of U.S . di rect i nvest m ent abroad
is in developing countries. In p art t his i s because, when businesses are simply packed
up and relocated, o r when l ower technology, labor-intensive operations are s et up in
developing countries, t he costs p er business – the v alue of U.S. inv e s t m e n t abroad
– are typically relatively l o w . O u t flows of foreign direct investment often s upport
inter - i n dustry t rade by U.S. multinational corporations. Thus, goods produced in
U.S. fact o r i e s a b r oad m ay find thei r way back to the United S tates either as
components for U.S. produced goods or as final p roducts for U.S. consumption. U.S.
direct investment abroad for 2000 is equal t o foreign direct investment in the United
States – $1.2 trillion.
Congressional I nterest
Members of C ongress often ex press interest in how thei r s tates are being
affected by international t rade and i nvestment flows. Inquiries may b e d riven b y: (a)
legi slative p roposals for reauthoriz ation of p residential “fast-track” n egotiating
authority; (b) legi slation implementing a new t rade agreem ent or adopting other trade
liberaliz ing m ea s u r e s ; o r (c) oversight of an ex isting agreement. As input in the
legi slative process, Members t end t o be particularly interested i n t r ad e and
investment data, by state.
Id eally, t he purpose o f t his report would b e t o t rack ex ports, imports, f o reign
direct investment, and U.S. investment ab road, b y s tate. Unfortunately, d ata are not
avai l abl e o n ei t h er i m port s by S t at e o r U.S . i nvest m ent abroad by st at e. The C ensus
data track U.S. exports from t heir port o f ex i t (typically a l and, sea, or airport i n t he
same state i n which the goods are p roduced) t o t he country of their final destination.
But C ensus d at a t rack imports from t he originating country only as far as their port
of entry i nto t he United S tates, and not to thei r final stat e destination. Similarly,
Census data track foreign i nvestment i nflows to thei r des tination. However, they do
not track outflows o f U.S. i nvestment a b r o a d from t heir source. As a result, this
report i s able t o i nclude data only o n ex ports and forei gn direct in v e s tment in the
United S tates, and not data on imports and U.S. i nvestment abroad. Thus, d ata i n t his
report s how one-half o f t he full state t rade picture.



Highlights of D ata P resented
Tables 1-4 p resent data on state ex ports for 2000 ranked b y t otal ex port v alue,
by absolute and p ercent change i n ex ports, and by percent o f gross state p roduct t hat
i s e x p o rted. Tables 9-10 repeat the first three t ables, organiz i ng them by Ce n s u s
regions.
Tables 5-8 t rack state ex ports for 2000 to individual countries and regions.
In cluded i n t hese tables are eight countri es and eight regi ons which are key t rading
partners , o r w i t h which t he United S tates has or is currently negotiating free t rade
agreements.
Table 1 1 i ncludes d ata o n foreign dir ect investment i n t h e U n ited S tates for
1999 (most recent d ata), b y s tate within seven k ey Census regi ons: for all i ndustries
and for m anufact uri n g, and t racks t ot al forei gn d i rect i nvest m ent as a p ercent o f t ot al
U.S . foreign d irect investment, and as a p ercent o f gross state p roduct for each state.
S o m e of t h e m aj or hi gh l i ght s for each t abl e fol l o w:
T a b l e 1 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d , Ran k ed b y $ Val u e i n

2000. This table s hows t hat eight state s , C alifornia, Tex as, New York, Michigan,


W ashingt on, Illinois, Ohio, and new J ersey, account for 56% of total U.S. ex ports,
and t hat 21 s tates and one U.S. territory have negligible ex ports.
T a b l e 2 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e w o rl d , Ran k ed b y $ Ch an ge i n
Exports, 1993-2000. This table s hows t hat t he stat es with the l argest dollar growth
in ex ports between 1993 and 2000 tended t o b e t he same states that were the l argest
stat e ex porters in tab l e 1 (with a few differences.)
T a b l e 3 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d , R an k ed b y Percen t
Change in Exports, 199 3 - 2000. This table s hows t hat ex port growth h as been
diverse among the s tates. Some stat es that have logged t he larges t growth i n ex ports
border o r n early borde r C a n a d a (Montana, Id aho, North and South Dakota), o r
Mex i co (Alabama, M ississippi). Other s tates with large percentage ex port growth
st art ed from rel at i v el y l ower base l evel s (Nevada, Kent ucky, S out h C arol i n a, and
New H am ps hi re. O t h er st at es ex panded ex port s from an al ready l arge ex port b ase
(Michigan and New J ersey).
T a b l e 4 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d , Ran k ed b y E xp orts as
a Percen t o f Gross S tate Prod u ct (GS P) in 1999. This table s hows t hat five s tates
(W ashington, Vermont, De l aware, Michigan, and Oregon) ex port 10% or more of
their t otal state output. It also s hows t hat s everal other m ajor industrial o r h igh-tech
st at es (Tex as, C al i forni a, Mi nnesot a, and Indiana) ex port 8 % o r m ore o f t heir state
output.
T a b l e 5 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d an d Fou r Key Cou n tri es,
2000. This table s hows t hat a number o f s tates ex port m ore t han 40% of their t otal
ex ports to Canada: Indiana, Io wa, M aine, M ichigan, Montana, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, Vermont (with a h igh o f 82%) although t he U.S. total i s 24%; but that
onl y t hree st at es s e n d m o re t h an a t hi rd of their ex ports to Mex i co (Michigan,



Mississippi, and Tex as). Total U.S. ex ports to Mex i co are 14% of all ex ports. To
J apan, Hawaii ex ports a greater proportion o f its goods than any o ther state (54%),
with Alaska second. (The U.S. total i s 8 %). To China, W ashingt on leads, with 5%
of its ex ports go ing t here. (The U.S. t otal is 2%).
Tab l e 6 . 2000 S tate Merch an d i se Exp o rts to th e World an d Fou r O th er
Cou n t ri es f o r w h i ch Trade Agreemen ts E x i s t o r a re B ei n g N egoti a ted . This table
shows t hat Florida is the l argest ex porter t o C hile; New York and C alifornia are the
largest ex porters to Is rael; P ennsyl vani a i s t he largest e x p o r t e r t o J ordan; and
California and Tex as are the l ar gest ex porters to Singapore.
T a b l e 7 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d b y Major Worl d Regi on ,

2000. This table t racks s tate ex ports to five key regions: NAFTA (37% of all U.S.


ex ports), the European Union (21%), Latin America ex cluding Me x i co (8%),
ASEAN (10 Asian) countries (6%), and S ub-Saharan Africa (0.8%). Fo r t he United
S t at es as a w hol e, t h ese ex port s re present 72% of all U.S. ex ports.
Table 8. S tate Merch andise Exports to the World an d Three Latin-
America Sub-Regions. This table i s a sub-table t o t he Latin America, column 3 of
table 7 . It s h o ws t hat Florida is the l argest ex porter t o t he Caribbean, t o C entral
Am eri ca, and t o S out h A m eri ca. Nort h C arol i n a i s t h e s e c o n d l argest ex port er t o
C ent ral A m eri ca, and T ex as i s t h e s econd l argest ex port er t o S out h A m eri ca.
T a b l e 9 . S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d , R an k ed W i th i n R egi o n
by $ Value in 2000. This table i ncludes t he same data as table 1, but the s tates are
ranked w i t h i n C ensus regi ons. This t able shows t hat t he North C entral regi on
accounts for roughly a quarter of all ex ports, and that it, the P acific, Mid-Atlantic,
and S outh C entral regi ons together account for 78% of all U.S. ex ports.
T a b l e 10. S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to th e Worl d , Ran k ed W i th i n Regi o n
by $ Change i n E xports, 1993-2000. This table i ncludes t he same data as table 2,
but the s tates are ranked within Census regi ons. This t able shows t hat t wo Census
regi ons accounted for n early h a l f t h e ex port growth b etween 1993 and 2000. One
is the North Central R egion of 12 i ndustrial and farming s tates. The o ther is the
Paci fic region, which i ncludes five s tates.
T a b l e 11. Fo rei gn Di rect In vestmen t (FDI) i n th e Un i ted S tates f o r a l l
Industries and for Manufa c tu ring, and total FDI as a % of Total Gross State
Product (GS P), b y Region and State, 1999. This table s hows t hat for the nation as
a whole t he stock o f foreign direct inves tment in the United S tates i s equal t o about
11% of total gross state p roduct for 1999 (most recent year). New York and Alaska
have the h ighest level o f FDI relative t o t heir gros s state product. California and
Tex as h ave received t he greatest t otal am ounts o f FDI, t ogether commanding about
one-fift h of all FDI i n t he United S tates. Most regi ons, however (ex cept for New
Engl and and the M ountain region) are fairl y equal i n t he percent o f t otal FDI which
they have received from o ther countries . FDI in manufacturing accounts for nearly
half of all FDI..



A N ote on the Data 4
Data in the following tables are from t he Ex porter Location S eries, provided t o
the Internat i o n al Trade Administration b y t he U.S. Census Bu reau. The published
data are based on initial dat a compiled from U.S. ex port decl arations. This series
al l o cat es ex port s accordi n g t o t he physi cal l o cat i o n o f ex port ers. It t yp i cal l y al l o cat es
ex ports to locations from whi c h the goods were sold. Locations from which firms
sell their p roducts do not always coincide with the l ocations where ex port goods are
produced. Ala s k a i s p erhaps the b est ex ample of how ex port p roduction and sales
can diverge. Possibly m ore t han t wo-thirds o f Alaska’s ex port p roduction i s t yp ically
sol d by whol esal ers o r o t h er i n t erm edi ary ex port ers t h at are l ocat ed out si de t h e s t at e;
thus only about one third o f Alaska’s ex port value is represented b y t he data on the
tables that follow. Moreover, the d iverge nce b etween production and sales l ocations
means t hat t he statistics will sometimes show substantial export s of manufactured
products from s tates o r l ocalities where manufacturing p lants are virtually
nonex i stent.


4 Information f or this section was taken from U.S. Department of Commerce, International
T r ade Administration’s Appendix: Gu ide t o State and Sub-State Export Data.
[ ht t p: / / www.i t a .doc.gov/ t d/ i ndust r y/ ot ea/ st at e/ t echnot e.ht ml ] .

Table 1. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld,
Ranked by $ Value in 2000
Va l u e o f %of Va l u e o f %of
Ex ports Total Ex ports Total
(In U. S . (In U. S .
Rank S t ate $millions) Ex ports Rank S t ate $millions) Ex ports
1 California 129,939 17 29 Kansas 5,050 1
2 Texas 68,746 9 30 Maryland 4,997 1
3 New Yo rk 53,007 7 31 D. of Co l. 4,728 1
4 Michigan 51,615 7 32 Louisian a 3 ,860 a
5 Washington 33,355 4 33 Io wa 3,262 a
6 Illinois 32,249 4 34 Oklahoma 3 ,257 a
7 Ohio 29,125 4 35 Nebraska 3,141 a
8 New Jersey 28,778 4 36 Id ah o 2 ,797 a
9 Florida 24,213 3 37 Utah 2,713 a
10 P ennsylvania 23,968 3 38 Vermont 2,660 a
11 Mass. 19,747 3 39 N. Hamp . 2 ,475 a
12 Minneso ta 17,538 2 40 Arkansas 2,068 a
13 N. Car. 14,975 2 41 Mississippi 1,776 a
14 Indian a 14,813 2 42 Nevada 1,754 a
15 Connecticut 13,180 2 43 Maine 1 ,665 a
16 Co lorado 12,265 2 44 W. Virginia 1,472 a
17 Georgia 11,772 2 45 R. Island 1,169 a
18 Tennessee 11,414 1 46 Alaska 985 a
19 Wisconsin 10,858 1 47 N. Dako ta 711 a
20 Virginia 10,547 1 48 N. Mex. 645 a
21 Arizona 9,997 1 49 Montan a 551 a
22 Oregon 9,434 1 50 S. Dako ta 497 a
23 Kentucky 8,758 1 51 Hawaii 369 a
24 Missouri 7 ,931 1 52 Virgin Is. 212 a
25 S. Caro lina 7 ,818 1 53 Wyoming 142 a
26 P u erto Rico 7,724 1 Un al l o cat ed 5 2 , 1 8 3 7
27 Delaware 5,888 1
28 Alab ama 5 ,624 1 TOTAL 780,417 100
So urce o f da t a : U.S. Department o f Commerce, Office of T r a d e a nd Economic Analysis, I nternational trade
Ad ministr a tio n. Exp o r ter Lo catio n Ser ies, Census B ur eau.
a: va l ue l e s s t ha n 1 %.
Una llo ca t e d: unid e ntified b y state.



Table 2. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld,
Ranked by $ C hange in Exports, 1993-2000
Change in Expo rts Change in Expo rts
1993-2000, 1993-2000,
Ra nk St a t e in $ millio ns Ra nk St a t e in $ millio ns
1 California 61,872 29 Maryland 2,283
2 T exas 33,124 30 Kansas 1,941
3 Michigan 26,293 31 Idaho 1 ,561
4 New Jersey 14,238 32 Nebraska 1,400
5 New Yo rk 12,305 33 New Hampshire 1,340
6 I llino is 1 1 , 9 0 2 34 Iowa 1,307
7 Ohio 11,473 35 Nevada 1,250
8 P e nnsyl va ni a 1 0 , 7 7 8 36 Mississippi 972
9 Flo rida 9,517 37 Arkansas 958
10 Massachusetts 8,153 38 Oklahoma 922
11 Minneso ta 7,564 39 West Virginia 718
12 No rth Carolina 6 ,998 40 Utah 668
13 Indiana 6 ,367 41 Lo uisiana 639
14 Co lo rado 6,050 42 Maine 600
15 Washington 5,957 43 Vermont 384
16 Georgia 5 ,722 44 No rth Dakota 368
17 Kentucky 5,433 45 Montana 307
18 T ennessee 5 ,263 46 So uth Dakota 284
19 Wisconsin 5,048 47 New Mexico 245
20 So uth Carolina 4 ,598 48 Rhode Island 231
21 Arizona 4 ,212 49 Alaska 167
22 Puerto Rico 3,358 50 Hawaii 152
23 Oregon 3,229 51 Wyoming 53
24 Misso uri 3 ,197 52 Virgin Island s 5 0
25 Alabama 3 ,120 53 Dist. of Col. 26
26 Co nnecticut 2,979 Unallocated 13,118
27 Delaware 2,433
28 Virginia 2,429 TOTAL 315,556
So urce o f da t a : U.S. Department o f Commerce, Office of T r ade and Economic Analysis, I nternational trade
Ad ministr a tio n. Exp o r ter Lo catio n Ser ies, Census B ur eau.
Una llo ca t e d: unid e ntified b y state.



Table 3. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld,
Ranked by Percent C hange in Exports, 1993-2000
% C ha ng e i n % C ha ng e i n
Expo rts 1993- Expo rts 1993-
Ra nk St a t e 2000 Ra nk St a t e 2000
1 Nevada 248 28 Arizona 73
2 Kentucky 163 29 Delaware 70
3 So uth Car o lina 1 4 3 30 Massachusetts 70
4 South Dakota 133 31 Hawaii 70
5 Montana 126 3 2 M i sso ur i 6 8
6 Idaho 126 33 Iowa 67
7 Alabama 125 34 Ohio 65
8 M ississip p i 1 2 1 35 Florid a 6 5
9 New Hamp shire 118 36 Kansas 62
10 No rth Dakota 107 37 New Mexico 6 1
11 Michigan 104 38 Wyoming 60
12 New J ersey 9 8 3 9 I llino is 5 9
13 Co lo rado 97 40 Maine 5 6
1 4 W e st Vir ginia 9 5 41 Oregon 52
15 Georgia 9 5 42 Oklahoma 40
16 T exas 93 43 Utah 33
17 California 9 1 44 Virgin Island s 3 1
18 No rth Carolina 8 8 45 New York 3 0
19 Wisconsin 87 4 6 Vir ginia 3 0
2 0 Ar ka nsa s 8 6 4 7 Co nne c t i c ut 2 9
2 1 T e nne sse e 8 6 48 Rhode Island 25
22 Maryland 84 49 Washington 22
2 3 P e nnsyl va ni a 8 2 50 Alaska 21
24 Nebraska 80 51 Lo uisiana 2 0
25 P uerto Rico 77 52 Vermont 1 7
26 Minneso ta 76 53 Dist. o f Columbia 0 .6
27 Indiana 7 5 Unallocated 34
28 Arizona 73 AVERAGE 6 8
So urce o f da t a : U.S. Department o f Commerce, Office of T r ade and Economic Analysis, I nternational trade
Ad ministr a tio n. Exp o r ter lo catio n ser ies, Census B ur eau.
Una llo ca t e d: unid e ntified b y state.



Table 4. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld, R anked by Exports as a
Percent o f Gross State Product ( GSP), in 1999
Ex- Ex-
1999 in $millions po rt s 1999 in $millions po rt s
as % as %
of of
GS PState Exports GSP GS PState Exports GSP
1 W ashington 36,826 209,258 18% 27 No rth Carolina 13,571 258,592 5%
2 Vermo nt 2,827 17,164 16% 28 Maine 1 ,785 34,064 5%
3 Delaware 4 ,857 34,669 14% 29 Pennsylvania 19,528 382,980 5%
4 Michigan 41,490 308,310 13% 30 Florid a 22,544 442,895 5%
5 Orego n 11,164 109,694 10% 31 New J ersey 2 ,159 44,229 5%
6 T exas 61,706 687,272 9% 32 Utah 2,789 62,641 4%
7 California 102,864 1,229,098 8% 33 Virginia 10,722 242,221 4%
8 Minneso ta 14,401 172,982 8% 34 Misso uri 7 ,431 170,470 4%
9 Ind iana 14,584 182,202 8% 35 Alabama 4 ,899 115,071 4%
10 Dist. o f Col. 4 ,344 55,832 8% 36 Georgia 11,061 275,719 4%
11 Co nnecticut 11,335 151,779 7% 37 No rth Dakota 635 16,991 4%
12 Ohio 26,562 361,981 7% 38 Nebraska 1,991 53,744 4%
13 Co lo rado 11,171 153,728 7% 39 Alaska 950 26,353 4%
14 Kentucky 8,016 113,539 7% 40 Iowa 2,985 85,243 4%
15 Arizona 10,123 143,683 7% 41 Rhode Island 1,105 32,546 3%
16 Illinois 30,857 445,666 7% 42 Lo uisiana 3 ,947 128,959 3%
17 Massachusetts 17,106 262,564 7% 43 Arkansas 1,829 64,773 3%
18 New Mexico 21,008 331,544 6% 44 Oklaho ma 2,405 86,382 3%
19 Idaho 2 ,117 34,025 6% 45 Maryland 4,068 174,710 2%
20 So uth Carolina 6 ,476 106,917 6% 46 Mississippi 1,454 64,286 2%
21 Kansas 4,856 80,843 6% 47 West Virginia 897 40,685 2%
22 New York 2 ,965 51,026 6% 48 Montana 404 20,636 2%
23 New Hampshire 43,297 754,590 6% 49 Nevada 1,083 69,864 2%
24 Wisconsin 9 ,546 166,481 6% 50 Wyoming 156 17,448 1%
25 T ennessee 9 ,343 170,085 5% 51 Hawaii 244 40,914 1%
TOTAL 630,483 9,287,348 7%
So urce : E xp o r t d a t a : O ffi c e o f T r a d e a nd E c o no mi c Ana l ys i s , I nt e r na t i o na l T r a d e Ad mi ni st r a t i o n, D e p a r t me nt o f
Co mmerce; gr oss domestic product data: B ur eau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department o f Commerce.



Table 5. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld and Four Key C ountries, 2000
Merchandise Export s to Four Key Countries, i n $ millions
Canada Mexico Japan China To tal, four
countries
%of %of %of %of
WO R L D all all all %of all
STATE Ex ports Expt s. Ex- Expt s. Ex- Expt s. Ex- Expt s. all Ex- Expt s. Ex-
($mil) ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s
Ala. 5,624 1,581 28% 756 13% 284 5% 26 0% 2,647 47%
Alaska 985 284 29% 7 1% 332 34% 3 0% 626 64%
Ariz. 9 ,997 1,533 15% 2,130 21% 397 4% 98 1% 4,158 42%
Ark. 2,068 789 38% 349 17% 91 4% 15 1% 1,244 60%
Calif. 129,939 15,162 12% 14,404 11% 17,976 14% 3,620 3% 51,162 39%
Co lo. 12,265 1,095 9% 1,389 11% 1,464 12% 214 2% 4,162 34%
Conn. 13,180 2,008 15% 1,112 8% 861 7% 453 3% 4,434 34%
Del. 5,888 989 17% 411 7% 477 8% 154 3% 2,031 34%
D. of C. 4,728 128 3% 32 1% 552 12% 8 0 % 720 15%
Florida 24,213 2,493 10% 1,954 8% 1,401 6% 529 2% 6,377 26%
Georgia 11,772 2,480 21% 2,418 21% 728 6% 210 2% 5,836 50%
Hawaii 369 27 7% 2 1 % 201 54% 2 1 % 232 63%
Id ah o 2 ,797 402 14% 127 5% 377 13% 61 2% 967 35%
Illinois 32,249 8,521 26% 3,385 10% 1,984 6% 1,025 3% 14,915 46%
Indian a 14,813 6,557 44% 2,501 17% 753 5% 149 1% 9,960 67%
Io wa 3,262 1,497 46% 201 6% 151 5% 45 1% 1,894 58%
Kansas 5,050 922 18% 703 14% 1,082 21% 113 2% 2,820 56%
Ky. 8 ,758 3,332 38% 817 9% 1,362 16% 38 0% 5,549 63%
La. 3 ,860 780 20% 306 8% 697 18% 121 3% 1,904 49%
Maine 1 ,665 711 43% 44 3% 82 5% 22 1% 859 52%
Md. 4 ,997 829 17% 526 11% 268 5% 161 3% 1,784 36%
Mass. 19,747 3,610 18% 1,144 6% 2,075 11% 303 2% 7,132 36%
Mich . 51,615 22,046 43% 16,491 32% 1,393 3% 322 1% 40,252 78%
Minn. 17,539 3,774 22% 1,291 7% 1,381 8% 570 3% 7,016 40%
Miss. 1,776 496 28% 578 33% 30 2% 30 2% 1,134 64%
Mo. 7 ,931 1,718 22% 1,312 17% 290 4% 194 2% 3,514 44%
Mont. 551 247 45% 78 14% 36 7% 10 2% 371 67%
Neb. 3,141 525 17% 198 6% 1,002 32% 38 1% 1,763 56%



Merchandise Export s to Four Key Countries, i n $ millions
Canada Mexico Japan China To tal, four
countries
%of %of %of %of
WO R L D all all all %of all
STATE Ex ports Expt s. Ex- Expt s. Ex- Expt s. Ex- Expt s. all Ex- Expt s. Ex-
($mil) ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s ( $ mil) po rt s
Nev. 1,754 543 31% 110 6% 115 7% 7 0 % 775 44%
N. H. 2,475 789 32% 101 4% 118 5% 32 1% 1,040 42%
N.Jsy. 28,778 4,421 15% 2,148 7% 2,461 9% 885 3% 9,915 34%
N.Mex. 645 138 21% 190 29% 46 7% 17 3% 391 61%
N. Yo rk 53,007 10,419 20% 3,282 6% 5,538 10% 923 2% 20,162 38%
N.Car. 14,975 4,590 31% 2,129 14% 580 4% 205 1% 7,504 50%
N. Dak. 711 332 47% 15 2% 15 2% 4 1% 366 51%
Oh io 29,125 12,623 43% 5,755 20% 1,365 5% 417 1% 20,160 69%
Okla. 3 ,257 776 24% 491 15% 78 2% 56 2% 1,401 43%
Ore. 9,434 1,697 18% 563 6% 1,731 18% 224 2% 4,215 45%
P enn. 23,968 7,141 30% 2,810 12% 1,280 5% 387 2% 11,618 48%
R.I. 1,169 373 32% 93 8% 62 5% 22 2% 550 47%
S.Caro l. 7,818 2,230 29% 1,964 25% 400 5% 61 1% 4,655 60%
S.Dak. 497 307 62% 65 13% 21 4% 5 1 % 398 80%
Tenn. 11,414 3,330 29% 1,676 15% 631 6% 158 1% 5,795 51%
Tex. 68,746 10,461 15% 24,623 36% 2,938 4% 1,124 2% 39,146 57%
Utah 2,713 586 22% 114 4% 331 12% 43 2% 1,074 40%
Vt. 2 ,660 2,202 83% 25 1% 36 1% 14 1% 2,277 86%
Va. 10,547 2,069 20% 845 8% 1,816 17% 114 1% 4,844 46%
Wash . 33,355 2,527 8% 590 2% 4,735 14% 1,885 6% 9,737 29%
W.Va. 1,472 503 34% 251 17% 94 6% 28 2% 876 60%
Wis. 10,858 3,863 36% 1,058 10% 647 6% 202 2% 5,770 53%
Wyo. 142 91 64% 10 7% 2 1% 0 0% 103 73%
P .R. 7,724 1,087 14% 267 3% 507 7% 34 0% 1,895 25%
V.I. 212 7 3% 7 3% 0 0% 11 5% 25 12%
Un alloc 52,183 18,790 36% 7,874 15% 1,982 4% 861 2% 29,507 57%
TOTL 780,418 183,487 24% 111,722 14% 65,256 8% 16,253 2% 376,719 48%
S ource of data: U.S. Dep artmen t o f Commerce, Office of Trad e and Economic An alysis, International trade Ad ministration. Exporter
location series, Census Bureau . Unallocated: unidentified b y state.



Table 6. 2000 State M erchandise Exports to the W orld and Four Other
Countries for w hich Trade Agreements Exist o r Are Being N egotiated
St ate Exports to Four Count ries (In $Millions)
Ex ports t o
WO R L DSTATE Chile Israel J ordan S ingapore
U.S. TOTAL 780,419 3,445 7,750 313 17,816
Alab ama 5 ,624 10 21 2 2 6
Alaska 985 a a a 3
Arizona 9,997 23 91 1 420
Arkansas 2,068 4 5 a 1 1
California 129,939 365 1,278 30 5,302
Co lorado 12,265 26 54 a 482
Connecticut 13,180 64 206 7 280
Delaware 5,888 31 27 2 156
D. of Co lumb ia 4,728 7 4 58 26
Florida 24,213 505 270 9 180
Georgia 11,772 60 78 2 207
Hawaii 369 7 1 a 1 0
Id ah o 2 ,797 2 4 4 a 364
Illinois 32,249 313 277 11 714
Indian a 14,813 26 67 3 146
Io wa 3,262 13 15 1 3 8
Kansas 5,050 13 14 a 4 6
Kentucky 8,758 19 27 10 41
Louisian a 3 ,860 10 25 2 4 4
Maine 1 ,665 2 4 9 a 36
Maryland 4,997 17 35 1 5 2
Massachusetts 19,747 45 268 2 627
Mich igan 51,615 108 128 4 223
Minneso ta 17,538 67 143 19 595
Mississippi 1,776 8 4 a 1 3
Missouri 7 ,931 22 89 2 751
Montan a 551 1 2 0 1 9
Nebraska 3,141 2 3 0 3 29
Nevada 1,754 8 4 1 a 21
New Hampshire 2,475 4 3 5 a 57
New Jersey 28,778 148 867 10 792
New Mexico 645 1 4 7 1 3
New York 53,007 150 1,946 24 895



St ate Exports to Four Count ries (In $Millions)
Ex ports t o
WO R L DSTATE Chile Israel J ordan S ingapore
No rth Carolina 14,975 103 63 8 188
No rth Dakota 711 a 1 a 1
Oh io 29,125 78 108 10 362
Oklahoma 3 ,257 33 6 1 66
Oregon 9,434 37 59 1 294
P ennsylvania 23,968 96 158 26 503
Rhode Island 1,169 2 7 a 4 3
South Carolina 7 ,818 24 19 1 4 9
South Dakota 497 a 2 a 9
Tennessee 11,414 49 36 6 188
Texas 68,746 340 259 8 1 ,738
Utah 2,713 13 8 1 56
Vermont 2,660 1 3 1 13
Virginia 10,547 30 147 8 170
Wash ington 33,355 179 131 5 576
West Virginia 1,472 2 4 a 1 4
Wisconsin 10,858 134 64 4 121
Wyoming 142 a a 0 1
P u erto Rico 7,724 8 4 3 a 58
Virgin Islands 212 a a 0 a
Un allocated 52,183 245 446 29 754
US TOTAL 780,417 3,455 7,750 313 17,816
S ource of data: U.S. Dep artmen t o f Commerce, Office of Trad e and Economic An alysis, International trade Ad ministration.
Exporter Location Series, Census Bu reau .
a: value less than $1million.
Unallocated: unidentified b y state.



Table 7. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld, b y M ajor World R egion, 2000
S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to Fi v e R egi o n s (In $ M illions)
Lati n A meri ca
Total for five1 2 e x c l udi ng3 Asia 4 Afri ca (S ub-5
reg i onsNAFTA Europ. Union Mexico (AS E AN) S a har a n)
Tota l %of %of %of %of %of
Expo rtsto Wo r l d Expo rts allex- Expo rts allex- Ex-po r ts allex- Ex-po r ts allex- Ex-po r ts %ofall ex- Expo rts allex-
ST. ($ mil) ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts
Al. 5 ,624 2,337 42% 1,742 31% 519 9% 106 2% 39 0.7% 4,743 84%
Ak. 985 291 30% 211 21% 4 0 % 4 0% 1 0 .1% 511 52%
Az. 9 ,997 3,663 37% 1,786 18% 462 5% 1,596 16% 48 0.5% 7,555 76%
Ark. 2,068 1,138 55% 376 18% 98 5% 53 3% 7 0 .3% 1 ,672 81%
Cal. 129,939 29,566 23% 28,492 22% 4,697 4% 13,977 11% 568 0.4% 77,300 59%
Co l. 12,265 2,483 20% 3,733 30% 453 4% 1,215 10% 23 0.2% 7,907 64%
Cn . 13,180 3,120 24% 3,968 30% 1,034 8% 693 5% 113 0.9% 8,928 68%
Del. 5,888 1,401 24% 2,013 34% 599 10% 345 6% 50 0.8% 4,408 75%
DC 4,728 159 3% 1,449 31% 148 3% 135 3% 86 1.8% 1,977 42%
Fla. 24,213 4,448 18% 3,389 14% 11,368 47% 664 3% 141 0.6% 20,010 83%
Ga. 11,772 4,898 42% 2,412 20% 1,371 12% 482 4% 97 0.8% 9,260 79%
Hi. 369 29 8% 24 7% 8 2 % 1 6 4 % 1 0.3% 78 21%
Id . 2 ,797 529 19% 776 28% 31 1% 561 20% 8 0 .3% 1 ,905 68%
Ill. 32,249 11,907 37% 7,894 24% 2,714 8% 1,512 5% 346 1.1% 24,373 76%
Ind. 14,813 9,059 61% 2,494 17% 1,051 7% 290 2% 57 0.4% 12,951 87%
Ia. 3 ,262 1,698 52% 727 22% 168 5% 100 3% 20 0.6% 2,713 83%
Ks. 5 ,050 1,625 32% 731 14% 488 10% 168 3% 88 1.7% 3,100 61%
Ky. 8 ,758 4,148 47% 1,142 13% 840 10% 245 3% 33 0.4% 6,408 73%
La. 3 ,860 1,086 28% 516 13% 380 10% 307 8% 86 2.2% 2,375 62%
Me. 1 ,665 755 45% 289 17% 75 5% 197 12% 5 0 .3% 1 ,321 79%
Md. 4 ,997 1,355 27% 1,529 31% 267 5% 179 4% 95 1.9% 3,425 69%
Ma. 19,747 4,753 24% 7,048 36% 687 3% 1,410 7% 107 0.5% 14,005 71%
Mi.. 51,615 38,537 75% 5,448 11% 1,806 3% 793 2% 145 0.3% 46,729 91%
Mn. 17,539 5,064 29% 4,836 28% 773 4% 1,731 10% 133 0.8% 12,537 71%
Ms. 1 ,776 1,074 60% 268 15% 182 10% 27 2% 6 0 .3% 1 ,557 88%
Mo. 7 ,931 3,029 38% 1,378 17% 890 11% 1,035 13% 78 1.0% 6,410 81%
Mt. 551 324 59% 97 18% 4 1 % 2 3 4 % 1 0.2% 449 81%
Neb. 3,141 722 23% 419 13% 135 4% 171 5% 13 0.4% 1,460 46%
Nv. 1 ,754 653 37% 274 16% 55 3% 45 3% 34 1.9% 1,061 60%
NH 2,475 890 36% 777 31% 168 7% 125 5% 7 0 .3% 1 ,967 79%



S tate Merch an d i se E x p o rts to Fi v e R egi o n s (In $ M illions)
Lati n A meri ca
Total for five1 2 e x c l udi ng3 Asia 4 Afri ca (S ub-5
reg i onsNAFTA Europ. Union Mexico (AS E AN) S a har a n)
Tota l %of %of %of %of %of
Expo rts all all Ex- all Ex- all Ex- %of all
to Wo r l d Expo rts ex- Expo rts ex- po r ts ex- po r ts ex- po r ts all ex- Expo rts ex-
ST. ($ mil) ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts ($ mil) po r ts
NJ 28,778 6,569 23% 8,716 30% 2,341 8% 1,753 6% 310 1.1% 19,689 68%
NM 645 328 51% 114 18% 28 4% 21 3% 2 0 .3% 493 76%
NY 53,007 13,701 26% 14,155 27% 3,270 6% 2,025 4% 432 0.8% 33,583 63%
NC 14,975 6,719 45% 2,986 20% 2,200 15% 457 3% 100 0.7% 12,462 83%
ND 711 348 49% 288 41% 13 2% 8 1 % 1 0.1% 658 93%
Oh . 29,125 18,378 63% 4,089 14% 1,050 4% 804 3% 125 0.4% 24,446 84%
Ok. 3 ,257 1,267 39% 731 22% 504 15% 133 4% 36 1.1% 2,671 82%
Ore 9 ,434 2,259 24% 1,559 17% 428 5% 918 10% 59 0.6% 5,223 55%
P a. 23,968 9,951 42% 5,324 22% 1,708 7% 1,221 5% 178 0.7% 18,382 77%
R.I. 1,169 466 40% 309 26% 62 5% 83 7% 15 1.3% 935 80%
SC 7,818 4,195 54% 1,812 23% 528 7% 215 3% 25 0.3% 6,775 87%
SD 497 372 75% 48 10% 9 2 % 2 1 4 % 1 0.2% 451 91%
Tn . 11,414 5,006 44% 2,704 24% 883 8% 482 4% 100 0.9% 9,175 80%
Tx. 68,746 35,084 51% 7,233 11% 6,081 9% 6,165 9% 793 1.2% 55,356 81%
Ut. 2 ,713 700 26% 788 29% 146 5% 223 8% 15 0.6% 1,872 69%
Vt. 2 ,660 2,227 84% 182 7% 31 1% 26 1% 9 0 .3% 2 ,475 93%
Va. 10,547 2,914 28% 2,302 22% 598 6% 413 4% 104 1.0% 6,331 60%
Wa. 33,355 3,117 9% 11,905 36% 940 3% 1,589 5% 556 1.7% 18,107 54%
WV 1,472 754 51% 352 24% 73 5% 38 3% 9 0 .6% 1 ,226 83%
Wis. 10,858 4,921 45% 2,546 23% 748 7% 303 3% 71 0.7% 8,589 79%
Wy. 142 101 71% 18 13% 7 5 % 2 1% 0 0 .1% 128 90%
P R 7,724 1,354 18% 3,888 50% 1,052 14% 124 2% 26 0.3% 6,444 83%
VI 212 14 7% 42 20% 128 60% 0 0% 2 0.9% 186 88%
Un . 52,183 26,664 51% 6,493 12% 4,391 8% 2,144 4% 521 1.0% 40,213 77%
U. S . 780,418 288,150 37% 164,822 21% 58,694 8% 47,373 6% 5,926 0.8% 564,965 72%
e footnotes after tab le 9.



Table 8. 2000 State M erchandise Exports to the W orld and Three
Latin-America Sub-Regions
State Merchandise Exports t o Three Latin-Am erica
Total Exports to Sub- Regions ( in $millions)
WORLDSTATE Caribbean Ce ntral America South America
Alab ama 5 ,624 96 249 174
Alaska 985 a 2 2
Arizona 9,997 13 27 422
Arkansas 2,068 36 21 41
California 129,939 474 848 3,375
Co lorado 12,265 18 10 425
Connecticut 13,180 225 241 568
Delaware 5,888 12 28 559
Dist. o f Col. 4 ,728 15 30 103
Florida 24,213 3,240 2,050 6,077
Georgia 11,772 313 339 720
Hawaii 369 1 a 7
Id ah o 2 ,797 6 5 2 0
Illinois 32,249 324 311 2,079
Indian a 14,813 35 69 947
Io wa 3,262 13 16 139
Kansas 5,050 96 72 320
Kentucky 8,758 129 498 213
Louisian a 3 ,860 156 51 173
Maine 1 ,665 24 2 4 9
Maryland 4,997 32 26 209
Massachusetts 19,747 91 59 537
Mich igan 51,615 81 103 1,622
Minneso ta 17,538 143 147 483
Mississippi 1,776 63 67 52
Missouri 7 ,931 223 94 573
Montan a 551 1 a 3
Nebraska 3,141 21 49 65
Nevada 1,754 7 5 4 3
NewHampshire 2,475 51 4 113
New Jersey 28,778 327 370 1,643
New Mexico 645 6 2 2 0
New York 53,007 608 500 2,162



State Merchandise Exports t o Three Latin-Am erica
Total Exports to Sub- Regions ( in $millions)
WORLDSTATE Caribbean Ce ntral America South America
No rth Carolina 14,975 443 1,049 708
No rth Dakota 711 1 2 1 0
Oh io 29,125 126 137 787
Oklahoma 3 ,257 21 67 416
Oregon 9,434 14 24 390
P ennsylvania 23,968 237 311 1,160
Rhode Island 1,169 8 1 7 3 7
South Carolina 7 ,818 83 210 235
South Dakota 497 2 2 5
Tennessee 11,414 162 206 515
Texas 68,746 878 934 4,269
Utah 2,713 19 19 108
Vermont 2,660 5 12 14
Virginia 10,547 52 80 466
Wash ington 33,355 345 206 389
West Virginia 1,472 3 2 6 8
Wisconsin 10,858 74 95 579
Wyoming 142 a 1 7
P u erto Rico 7,724 716 142 194
Virgin Islands 212 84 9 3 5
Un allocated 52,183 1,174 861 2,356
US TOTAL 780,417 11,329 10,678 36,686
See tab le footnotes on next page.



Footnotes to tables 8 and 9:
1 NAFTA p art n ers are C an ad a an d M exi co .
2TheEuropean Union co n s i s t s o f Au st ri a, Bel gi u m, Den mark, F i n l an d , F r an ce, F ed eral R ep u b l i c o f German y, Gr eece, Irel an d ,
Italy, Lu xembourg, Netherlands, P ortugal, Spain, Swed en , and the United Kingdom.
3 Lati n A meri ca co n s i s t s o f t h e C ari b b ean , C en t r al Ameri ca, an d S o u t h Ameri ca.
C a r i bbe an C o unt r i e s : Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, Aruba, the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, British V irgin Islands,
Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyan a, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Netherlands
An tilles, St. Kitts an d Nevis, S t. Lu cia, St. V incen t and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago , and Tu rks
an d C ai co s I sl an d s .
Cent ral A meri can C ount ri es : Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and P anama.
S out h A meri can C ount ri es : Argen tina, Bo livia, Brazil, Ch ile, Colombia, Ecuador, P araguay, P eru , Uru gu ay, and
V en ezu el a.
4TheAssoci at i on of S out heast Asi an N at i ons ( A S E AN ) consists of Brunei, Bu rma (Myan mar), Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, P hilippines, Singapore, Th ailand, an d V ietnam.
5 S ub- S a har a n A f r i c a consists of An go la, Ben in, Botswan a, Bu rkina, Bu rundi, Cameroon, Cape Verd e, Central African
Rep u b lic, C h ad , Co mo ro s, Co n go ( Brazzaville), Co n go ( Kin sh asa), Dji bouti, Equatorial Gu inea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon,
Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, S outh Africa, Rwanda, S ao To me an d P rincipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra
Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzan ia, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, an d Zimbabwe.
S ource of data: U.S. Dep artmen t o f Commerce, Office of Trad e and Economic An alysis, International trade Ad ministration.
Exporter Location Series, Census Bu reau .
a: value less than $ 1 million.
na: data not available o r not applicab le.
Un. or Unallocated: unidentified b y state.



Table 9. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld,
Ranked Within Region by $ Value, 2000
Va l u e i n Va l u e i n
State $M illions State $M illions
Northeast
1 Massachusetts 19,747 South Central
2 Connecticut 13,180 1 Texas 68,746
3 V ermont 2,660 2 Tennessee 11,414
4 New Hamp sh ire 2 ,475 3 K en t u cky 8 , 7 5 8
5 Maine 1,665 4 Alabama 5,624
6 Rhode Island 1,169 5 Louisian a 3 ,860
Sub-Total 40,896 6 Oklahoma 3 ,257
7 Arkan sas 2 ,068
M i d- A t l a nt i c 8 Mississippi 1,776
1 New Yo rk 53,007 Sub-Total 105,503
2 New Jersey 28,778
3 P ennsylvania 23,968 M o unt ai n
Sub-Total 105,753 1 Colorad o 12,265
2 Arizona 9,997
South Atlantic 3 Idaho 2,797
1 Florida 24,213 4 Utah 2 ,713
2 North Caro lina 14,975 5 N evad a 1 , 7 5 4
3 Geo rgia 11,772 6 N ew M e xi co 6 4 5
4 V irginia 10,547 7 Montan a 551
5 South Carolina 7 ,818 9 Wyoming 142
6 D el aware 5 , 8 8 8 Sub-Total 30,864
7 M aryl an d 4 , 9 9 7
8 Dist. of Co l. 4,728 Paci fic
9 West V irginia 1 ,472 1 California 129,939
Sub-Total 86,410 2 Washington 33,355
3 Orego n 9 ,434
North C entral 4 Alaska 985
1 Michigan 51,615 5 H awai i 3 6 9
2 Illinois 32,249 Sub-Total 174,082
3 Ohio 29,125
4 Minneso ta 17,538 US TOTAL 720,298
5 Indian a 14,813
6 Wisconsin 10,858
7 Missouri 7 ,931
8 Kan sas 5 ,050
9 Iowa 3 ,262
10 Nebraska 3,141
11 No rth Dakota 711
12 South Dakota 497
Sub-Total 176,790
S ource of data: F o r cen su s r egi o n s : U . S . D ep art men t o f C o mmerce, Bu reau o f t h e C en su s;
fo r d ata: Office of Trad e and Economic An alysis In tern ational Trade Ad ministration, Department of Co mmerce.
Note: Th is table o mits data fo r P uerto Rico and the V irgin Islands, and Unallocated data included in tab le 1.



Table 10. State M erchandise Exports to the W orld,
Ranked Within Region by $ C hange in Exports, 1993-2000
$Export $Export
Chang e Chang e
Reg i on/State (in M illions) Reg i on/State (in M illions)
South Central
N e w E ng l a nd 1 Texas 33,124
1 Massachusetts 8,153 2 K en t u cky 5 , 4 3 3
2 Connecticut 2,979 3 Tennessee 5 ,263
3 New Hamp sh ire 1 ,340 4 Alabama 3,120
4 Maine 600 5 M ississip p i 9 7 2
5 V ermont 384 6 Arkansas 958
6 Rhode Island 231 7 Oklahoma 922
Sub-Total 13,687 8 Louisian a 639
Sub-Total 50,431
M i d- A t l a nt i c
1 New Jersey 14,238 M o unt ai n
2 New Yo rk 12,305 1 Colorad o 6 ,050
3 P ennsylvania 10,778 2 Arizona 4,212
Sub-Total 37,321 3 Idaho 1,561
4 N evad a 1 , 2 5 0
South Atlantic 5 Utah 668
1 Florida 9,517 6 Montan a 307
2 North Carolina 6 ,998 7 N ew M e xi co 2 4 5
3 Geo rgia 5,722 8 Wyoming 53
4 South Carolina 4 ,598 Sub-Total 14,346
5 D el aware 2 , 4 3 3
6 V irginia 2 ,429 Paci fic
7 M aryl an d 2 , 2 8 3 1 California 61,872
8 West V irginia 718 2 Washington 5 ,957
9 Dist. of Col. 26 3 Orego n 3 ,229
Sub-Total 34,724 4 Alaska 167
5 H awai i 1 5 2
North C entral Sub-Total 71,377
1 Michigan 26,293
2 Illinois 11,902 U.S. TOTAL 299,030
3 Ohio 11,473
4 Minneso ta 7,564
5 Indian a 6 ,367
6 Wisconsin 5,048
7 Missouri 3 ,197
8 Kan sas 1 ,941
9 Neb raska 1 ,400
10 Io wa 1,307
11 No rth Dakota 368
12 South Dakota 284
Sub-Total 77,144
S ource of data: F o r cen su s r egi o n s : U . S . D ep art men t o f C o mmerce, Bu reau o f t h e C en su s;
fo r d ata: Office of Trad e and Economic An alysis In tern ational Trade Ad ministration, Department of Co mmerce.
Note: Th is table o mits data fo r P uerto Rico and the V irgin Islands, and Unallocated data included in tab le 2.



Table 11. Levels of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in t he United States, f or
All Industries and for M anufacturing, and t otal FDI as a % of total Gross
State Product ( GSP), b y R egion and State, 1999
A l l I ndus t r i e s M anuf ac t ur i ng F D I a nd GS P
FDI i n FDI i n
F D I f or al l S t at e/ Reg i onal ma nuf ac - ma nuf ac t ur -
i ndus t r i e s* FDIas%of turing ing as % of 1999 GSP Total F DI
S t at e/ Reg i on $ (mil.) Total F DI $ (mil.) total F DI $ (mil.) as % of G S P
N e w E ng l a nd
Massachusetts 17,781 2% 6,835 38% 262,564 7%
Connecticut 11,381 1% 5,566 49% 151,779 7%
Maine 4 ,386 0% 2,736 62% 34,064 13%
New Hampshire 2,976 0% 1,801 61% 754,590 0%
Rhode Island 2,502 0% 1,201 48% 32,546 8%
Vermont 1,253 0% 758 60% 17,164 7%
S ub- T o t a l 40,279 4% 18,897 47% 1,252,707 3%
M i d- A t l a nt i c
New York 63,105 6% 12,749 20% 51,026 124%
New Jersey 35,378 3% 16,704 47% 44,229 80%
P ennsylvania 34,060 3% 18,160 53% 382,980 9%
S ub- T o t a l 132,543 12% 47,613 36% 478,235 28%
South Atlantic
Florida 36,632 3% 9,739 27% 442,895 8%
No rth Carolina 28,658 3% 17,695 62% 258,592 11%
Georgia 27,548 3% 14,473 53% 275,719 10%
Virginia 21,601 2% 10,004 46% 242,221 9%
South Carolina 21,494 2% 15,498 72% 106,917 20%
Kentucky 20,785 2% 9,527 46% 113,539 18%
Maryland 11,436 1% 4,050 35% 174,710 7%
West Virginia 7,317 1% 3,959 54% 40,685 18%
Delaware 5,280 0% 3,348 63% 34,669 15%
Dist. o f Col. 3 ,807 0% 348 9% 55,832 7%
S ub- T o t a l 184,558 17% 88,641 48% 1,745,779 11%
North C entral
Illinois 45,300 4% 24,630 54% 445,666 10%
Mich igan 41,981 4% 31,966 76% 308,310 14%
Oh io 38,759 4% 27,470 71% 361,981 11%
Indian a 29,372 3% 24,692 84% 182,202 16%
Missouri 15,217 1% 8,802 58% 170,470 9%
Minneso ta 11,396 1% 3,799 33% 172,982 7%
Wisconsin 11,013 1% 7,641 69% 166,481 7%
Io wa 7,447 1% 5,160 69% 85,243 9%
Kansas 7,069 1% 2,825 40% 80,843 9%
Nebraska 2,660 0% 1,317 50% 53,744 5%
No rth Dakota 1 ,799 0% 568 32% 16,991 11%
South Dakota 932 0% 361 39% 21,631 4%
S ub- T o t a l 212,945 16% 139,231 68% 2,066,544 8%



A l l I ndus t r i e s M anuf ac t ur i ng F D I a nd GS P
FDI i n FDI i n
F D I f or al l S t at e/ Reg i onal ma nuf ac - ma nuf ac t ur -
i ndus t r i e s* FDIas%of turing ing as % of 1999 GSP Total F DI
S t at e/ Reg i on $ (mil.) Total F DI $ (mil.) total F DI $ (mil.) as % of G S P
South Central
Texas 96,550 9% 61,343 64% 687,272 14%
Louisian a 31,934 3% 21,507 67% 128,959 25%
Tennessee 19,638 2% 12,193 62% 170,085 12%
Alab ama 16,775 2% 11,798 70% 115,071 15%
Oklahoma 6 ,825 1% 3,574 52% 86,382 8%
Mississippi 5,172 0% 1,957 38% 64,286 8%
Arkansas 4,437 0% 3,526 79% 64,773 7%
S ub- T o t a l 181,331 17% 115,898 64% 1,316,828 14%
M o unt ai n
Arizona 11,076 1% 4,003 36% 143,683 8%
Co lorado 10,746 1% 3,641 34% 153,728 7%
Nevada 9,917 1% 1,137 11% 69,864 14%
Utah 9,332 1% 1,722 18% 62,641 15%
New Mexico 5 ,474 1% 2,535 46% 331,544 2%
Wyoming 5 ,392 1% 3,911 73% 17,448 31%
Montan a 2 ,484 0% 1,237 50% 20,636 12%
Id ah o 2 ,247 0% 997 44% 34,025 7%
S ub- T o t a l 56,668 5% 19,183 34% 833,569 7%
Paci fic
California 115,630 11% 37,621 33% 1,229,098 9%
Alaska 28,226 3% a 0 % 26,353 107%
Wash ington 18,030 2% 7,414 41% 209,258 9%
Hawaii 11,363 1% 299 3% 40,914 28%
Oregon 9,612 1% 3,841 40% 109,694 9%
S ub- T o t a l 182,861 17% 49,175 27% 1,615,317 11%
U.S. TOTAL 991,185 100% 478,638 48% 9,308,979 11%
* F oreign Direct Investment includes gross property, plan t, an d equipmen t o f affiliates. Department of Commerce d ata is
provided fo r the fo llowing categories o f U.S. affiliates o f U.S. companies: all industries, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail
trad e, info rmation, finance (excep t d epository institutions) and insurance, real estate an d ren tal and leasing, professional,
scientific an d technical services, and other industries.
S ource of data: Operations of U.S. Affiliates o f F oreign Comp an ies, P reliminary 1999 Estimates. U.S. Dep artmen t o f
Co mmerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, Bu reau of Economic An alysis.
a: value less than $ 1 mil.
na: not available o r not applicab le.