New Medicare Agency Provisions of S. 1, as Passed by the Senate, and H.R. 1, as Passed by the House

CRS Report for Congress
New Medicare Agency Provisions of S. 1,
as Passed by the Senate,
and H.R. 1, as Passed by the House
July 25, 2003
Jennifer Boulanger
Specialist in Social Legislation
Domestic Social Policy Division

Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

New Medicare Agency Provisions of S. 1, as Passed by
the Senate, and H.R. 1, as Passed by the House
Summary
On June 27, 2003, the Senate passed the Prescription Drug and Medicare
Improvement Act of 2003 by a vote of 76-21. Later that same evening, the House
passed the Medicare Modernization and Prescription Drug Act of 2003 by a recorded
vote of 216-215 with one voting present.
Both bills would create a new agency within the Department of Health and
Human Services (HHS) to administer the new prescription drug benefit under the
new Part D of Medicare and the MedicareAdvantage program under Part C (formerly
the Medicare+Choice program). H.R. 1 would also have the new agency administer
the new Enhanced Fee-For-Service program under the new Part E of Medicare. In
general, the new agency provisions found in the Senate and House bills are similar.
Both bills would establish a presidentially-appointed Administrator who would
report directly to the Secretary of HHS and who would exercise all powers and duties
of the agency. The Administrator would negotiate, enter into, and enforce contracts
with MedicareAdvantage plans (and Enhanced Fee-For-Service, in H.R. 1) and with
the prescription drug plan offerors.
The new agency would also be responsible for informing beneficiaries about the
Medicare program (not just Parts C and D (and E)) and beneficiary appeal rights. S.
1 would also require the new agency to enroll beneficiaries into Medicare – a
responsibility currently handled by the Social Security Administration.
The Administrator would hire staff for the new agency. S. 1 would leave current
executive branch civil service laws in place. H.R. 1 would waive some personnel
requirements for the new agency – three of the 46 chapters of Title 5 would be
waived, in part. Specifically, sections of Chapters 31, 51 and 53 of Title 5 of the
U.S. Code that address the authority for employing staff, classification of positions
and pay rates and systems would not apply to the new agency. The new agency
would still be required to establish a plan for classifying positions (retained Section
5101) and for adhering to the general policy that federal pay be based on specified
principles (retained Section 5301).
S. 1 would fund the administrative expenses for implementing Part D through
mandatory appropriations, with the remainder of the new agency’s responsibilities
funded by the annual appropriations process. H.R. 1 would make the new agency’s
entire administrative funding subject to the annual appropriations process. The
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the administrative costs to the
government for the administrative tasks implementing Parts C, and D (and E in H.R.
1) would be $3.6 billion from FY2004 through FY2008 and $10 billion from FY2004
through FY2013. However, because, depending upon the bill, most or all of these
funds are subject to appropriations, the appropriations committees have discretion to
determine the actual level at which these new requirements would be funded. This
report will be updated as events warrant.

Contents
Side-by-Side Comparison of the New Agency Provisions of
S. 1 and H.R. 1...........................................5
Establishes New Agency........................................5
Administrator .................................................5
Deputy Administrator..........................................5
Chief Actuary.................................................6
Duties and Administrative Provisions..............................6
Staffing and Compensation......................................7
Office of Beneficiary Assistance..................................7
Beneficiary Ombudsman........................................8
Medicare Advisory Board (Board).................................8
Authorizing Appropriations......................................9
Toll-free Number (1-800-medicare)...............................9
Effective Date...............................................10
Medicare Trustees............................................10
CMS Administrator Pay........................................10

New Medicare Agency Provisions of S. 1, as
Passed by the Senate, and H.R. 1, as
Passed by the House
On June 27, 2003, the Senate passed the Prescription Drug and Medicare
Improvement Act of 2003 by a vote of 76-21. Later that same evening, the House
passed the Medicare Modernization and Prescription Drug Act of 2003 by a recorded
vote of 216-215 with one voting present.
Both bills would create a new agency within the Department of Health and
Human Services (HHS) to administer the new prescription drug benefit under the
new Part D of Medicare and the MedicareAdvantage program under Part C (formerly
the Medicare+Choice program). H.R. 1 would also have the new agency administer
the new Enhanced Fee-For-Service program under the new Part E of Medicare. The
current Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) would continue to
administer fee-for-service Medicare, Medicaid, and other duties that have been
assigned to CMS. In general, the new agency provisions found in the Senate and
House bills are very similar.
S. 1 and H.R. 1 would establish a presidentially-appointed Administrator who
would report directly to the Secretary of HHS and who would exercise all powers and
duties of the agency. The Administrator of the new agency would negotiate, enter
into, and enforce contracts with MedicareAdvantage plans (and Enhanced Fee-For-
Service, in H.R. 1) and with the prescription drug plan offerors. The authority to
promulgate regulations for these new programs would be given to the new
Administrator (rather than the Secretary who currently is responsible for all Medicare
regulations and would continue to be responsible for fee-for-service regulations
under both bills). The new agency would also be responsible for informing
beneficiaries about the Medicare program (not just Parts C and D (and E)) and
beneficiary appeal rights. S. 1 would also require the new agency to enroll
beneficiaries into Medicare – a responsibility currently handled by the Social Security
Administration.
In both bills, the Administrator of the new agency would be appointed by the
President with the advice and consent of the Senate. In S. 1, the term of the
appointment would be 5 years; in H.R. 1 the term would be 4 years. The
appointment and term of office of the Deputy Administrator of the new agency would
vary by bill: S. 1 would have him be appointed by the Administrator for a term of 5
years; in H.R. 1, he would be appointed by the President with the advice and consent
of the Senate for a term of 4 years. As a result of the term appointments, the
Administrator and Deputy Administrator could bridge changes in Presidential
Administrations. In contrast, the Administrator of CMS is appointed by the President
and serves at his pleasure. The Deputy Administrator of CMS is not a Presidential

appointment. Both bills would set compensation for the new agency Administrator
at level III of the executive schedule and increase the compensation for the
Administrator of CMS from level IV to level III of the executive schedule.
In general, both bills seek to give the new agency some flexibility with pay rates
for personnel. Many observers believe that the federal employment system is
cumbersome and incapable of attracting and retaining staff with the outside
experience desired in running more competitive-style programs. However, it is
unclear how much of the flexibility would be implemented in a new agency. In
recent experience, the Department of Homeland Security was given more expansive
flexibility (many chapters of Title 5 were waived including Chapters 31, 51, and 53)
than the new agency would be and, according to a news report, may be considering
retaining the general schedule system because it is an existing classification system
with appeal rights and its use avoids disruption caused by switching to a new system.¹
S. 1 would retain current executive branch civil service laws for the new agency
but would require the Administrator to establish the rate of pay for new agency staff
(up to a maximum rate of the highest rate of basic pay for the senior executive
service² (SES)). S. 1 would give the Administrator, with the approval of the
Secretary, authority to employ management staff as determined appropriate.
H.R. 1 would give the new agency flexibility in hiring staff, classifying
positions, and with rates of pay. In general, the Administrator would be able to
establish different payment systems than are used in the executive branch. The new
agency would be exempted from portions of 3 of the 46 chapters of Title 5.
Specifically, sections of Chapters 31, 51 and 53 of Title 5 of the U.S. Code that
address the authority for employing staff, classification of positions and pay rates and
systems would not apply to the new agency. Twelve of the 21 sections of Chapter

31 would be retained: Sections 3102-3108, 3110-3113, 3136m, and 3151.³

¹ Tanya Ballard, GovExec.com., “Homeland Security May Retain Standard Pay System,”
July 25, 2003 at [www.govexec.com/dailyfed/0703/072503t1.htm].
² The highest rate of basic pay for the SES is level 6 (ES-6) and for 2003 that amount is
$134,000. In the Washington-Baltimore area, the locality pay adjustment boosts the pay
rate 12.74%, but pay is capped at level III of the executive schedule (EX-III), so the SES
level 6 is $142,500.
³ The 12 sections of Chapter 31 that would be retained are: 3102, permitting agencies to hire
personal assistants for handicapped employees; 3103, requiring employees to render services
in connection with and for the purposes of the appropriation from which the individual is
paid; 3104, permitting the Director of the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) to
establish, and revise, the maximum number of scientific or professional positions outside
of the General Schedule for carrying out research and development functions; 3105,
requiring agencies to appoint as many administrative law judges (ALJs) as are necessary for
hearings and other such proceedings; 3106, prohibiting agency heads from employing
private attorneys in litigation that is against the agency and requires the matter be referred
to the Department of Justice; 3107, prohibiting the employment of publicity experts unless
specifically appropriated for that purpose; 3108, prohibiting the employment of Pinkerton
Detective Agency employees or employees from similar organizations; 3110, prohibiting
the employment of relatives; 3111, permitting agencies to accept volunteer services of
(continued...)

Subchapter II of Chapter 31 which establishes the senior executive service (SES)
would be among the provisions waived.
All of Chapter 51 would be waived except 5101 which requires a plan for
classifying positions for the purposes of pay rates and ensuring that the principle of
equal pay for substantially equal work will be followed, and that variations in pay
rates will be in proportion to substantial differences in the difficulty, responsibility,
and qualification requirements. Section 5101 also requires grouping employees by
classes and grades in accordance with their duties, responsibilities, and qualifications.
Provisions that would be waived include Section 5104 that establishes the general
schedule (GS) as the basic classification system for positions covered under Chapter
51 and the requirement that agencies place each position in its appropriate class and
grade.
All of Chapter 53 would be waived except 5301 which establishes the general
policy that federal pay under the general schedule be based on four principles: equal
pay for substantially equal work within each local pay area; pay distinctions be
maintained within local pay areas for work and performance distinctions; pay rates
be comparable with non-federal pay rates for the same levels of work within the same
local pay area; and existing pay disparities between federal and non-federal
employees should be completely eliminated. Compensation would be capped at level
IV of the executive schedule.⁴ Provisions that would be waived include subchapter
II which establishes the executive schedule that is used to pay executive positions
other than the SES as well as the pay bands for the executive schedule, subchapter
III which defines the GS pay rates, and subchapter VIII which establishes pay for the
SES.
Both bills would establish an Office of Beneficiary Assistance within the new
agency to perform outreach and educational activities for beneficiaries. This office
would be required to disseminate programmatic and appeals information on the entire
Medicare program to Medicare beneficiaries. S. 1 would further require the office
to carry out functions relating to Medicare beneficiaries including eligibility
determinations and enrolling individuals in Medicare – a responsibility currently
performed by the Social Security Administration. Both bills would establish a
Medicare Beneficiary Ombudsman – S. 1 within the Office of Beneficiary
Assistance and H.R. 1 within HHS.
Both bills would create an advisory board to advise, consult with, and make
recommendations to the Administrator regarding Parts C and D (and E in H.R. 1) of
Medicare. Reports by the board would be exempt from any kind of review within the
Executive Branch and would be published in the Federal Register. H.R. 1 would

³ (...continued)
students; 3112, giving hiring preferences to veterans; 3113, barring federal re-employment
if the employee is convicted of certain specified crimes relating to bribery of a public
official and drug related crimes; 3136m, no such provision; and 3151, permitting the
Attorney General to establish a personnel system for senior executives in the FBI and DEA.
⁴ Level I of the executive schedule is the highest level (EX-I) and pay for 2003 is $171,900.

2003 pay for EX-IV is $134,000.

exempt the board from all of Chapters 31, 51, and 53 of Title 5 of the U.S. Code in
the appointment and compensation of board staff.
S. 1 would fund the administrative expenses for implementing Part D through
mandatory appropriations, with the remainder of the new agency’s responsibilities
funded by the annual, discretionary appropriations process. H.R. 1 would make the
new agency’s entire administrative funding subject to annual appropriations. The
Congressional Budget Office (CBO) estimates that the administrative costs to the
government for the administrative tasks implementing Parts C, and D (and E in H.R.
1) would be $3.6 billion from FY2004 through FY2008 and $10 billion from FY
2004 through FY2013. However, because, depending upon the bill, most or all of
these funds are subject to appropriations, the appropriations committees have
discretion to determine the actual level at which these new requirements would be
funded.
This report will be updated as events warrant.

CRS-5
Side-by-Side Comparison of the New Agency Provisions of S. 1 and H.R. 1
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CRS-6
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CRS-7
^Provisⁱ^ons^C^{urrent L}^a^w^S^{. 1}^H^{.R. 1}
^af^fⁱⁿ^g^an^d^N^o^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^ecti^oⁿ^1808(c)(2).^T^h^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rat^o^{r, w}ⁱ^t^h^t^h^e^S^ecti^oⁿ^1809(c)(2).^T^h^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^to^r^,^w^ith^th^e
^mp^en^sat^ioⁿ^approv^al^of^t^h^{e S}^ecret^a^r^y^,^w^o^u^l^{d be abl}^e^t^o^em^pl^oy^ap^p^r^o^v^{al o}^f^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^,^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^p^e^r^m^itted^to
^m^a^na^ge^m^e^nt^st^a^{ff a}^s^d^e^t^e^r^mⁱⁿ^e^d^a^p^p^r^o^p^rⁱ^a^t^e^.^M^a^na^ge^r^s^w^a^iv^{e Ch}^ap^ter³¹^o^f^T^{itle 5}^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^States
^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^h^a^v^e^d^e^m^oⁿ^s^tr^ated^ex^p^e^r^{tise in}^th^e^C^o^d^e^,^e^x^c^e^p^t^f^o^r^S^e^c^tⁱ^oⁿ^s³¹⁰²^t^h^r^o^ugh^3108,^a
^r^e^vⁱ^ew^{, n}^e^g^o^tiatioⁿ^,^an^d^ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^o^f^h^ealth^ca^r^e^{3110 t}^h^ro^ugh^{3113, 3136m}^an^{d 3151}ⁱⁿ^hⁱ^rⁱⁿ^g
^con^t^racts^;^th^{e de}^sⁱ^gⁿ^of^h^ealth^{care ben}^e^f^{it plan}^s^;^of^fⁱ^cers^an^{d em}^ploy^ees^.
^actu^a^{rial s}^c^ien^ces^{; com}^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^h^ealth^plan^con^t^r^a^cts^;
^an^{d con}^s^u^m^{er edu}^cation^an^{d decis}ⁱ^on^m^a^kⁱⁿ^g^.^F^l^ex^ib^ility^f^o^r^th^{e co}^m^p^en^satioⁿ^o^f^MB^A^staf^f
^w^o^u^l^{d be prov}ⁱ^d^{ed by}^w^aⁱ^vⁱⁿ^g^C^h^apt^e^{r 51 (ex}^cept^b
^T^h^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^to^r^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^estab^lish^th^{e r}^a^te⁵¹⁰¹⁾^an^{d C}^h^apt^e^{r 53 (ex}^cept^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{5301) of}^c
^o^f^p^a^{y f}^o^r^C^M^C^s^t^a^f^f^.^T^h^e^ma^xⁱ^mu^{m r}^a^t^e^o^f^T^{itle 5}^.^C^o^m^p^en^s^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^w^o^u^l^{d be capped at}^l^e^v^e^l
^co^m^p^en^satioⁿ^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^lim^ited^to^th^{e h}ⁱ^g^h^e^{st r}^a^{te o}^f^{IV of}^th^{e Ex}^ecu^tiv^{e Sch}^e^du^le.
^basⁱ^{c pay}^f^o^{r th}^{e Sen}ⁱ^{or Ex}^ecu^tiv^{e Serv}^ice.
^T^h^e^num^b^e^r^o^f^ful^l^-^tⁱ^m^e^e^q^ui^va^l^e^nt⁽^F^T^E⁾
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32029}^em^pl^oy^eesⁱⁿ^t^h^e^C^M^C^w^o^u^l^{d be l}ⁱ^mⁱ^t^e^{d t}^o^t^h^e
^g/w^num^b^e^r^p^e^r^f^o^r^mⁱ^ng^t^h^e^func^tⁱ^o^{n i}ⁿ^CM^{S o}ⁿ^t^h^e
^s^.or^{date of}^en^actm^eⁿ^t^.
^le^ak
^fⁱ^{ce o}^f^Ben^e^fⁱ^ciary^Medⁱ^car^{e en}^title^m^eⁿ^t^an^d^en^r^o^llm^en^t^S^ecti^oⁿ^1808(d⁾^(1).^T^h^{e Secretary}^w^o^u^l^d^be^requ^{ired to}^S^ecti^oⁿ^1809(d^)(1).^T^h^e^S^ecretary^w^o^u^l^{d be}
^://wiki^an^ce^activ^{ities ar}^{e p}^e^r^f^o^r^m^e^d^b^y^th^{e So}^cial^es^tablis^h^w^ithⁱⁿ^C^M^C^an^O^f^fⁱ^{ce of}^B^eⁿ^e^fⁱ^ciary^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^estab^lish^w^ithⁱⁿ^th^{e MB}^A^an^Of^fⁱ^{ce o}^f
^h^ttp^Secu^r^ity^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tioⁿ^w^ith^f^uⁿ^dⁱⁿ^g^A^s^sⁱ^s^t^an^{ce to carry}^ou^{t f}^uⁿ^c^tion^s^rel^a^tⁱ^{ng to Medicare}^B^eⁿ^e^fⁱ^ciary^As^sⁱ^s^t^an^{ce to coordin}^a^{te f}^uⁿ^c^tion^s
^f^r^o^m^t^h^e^{Medicare Tr}^u^s^t^F^uⁿ^d^.^b^eⁿ^e^fⁱ^ciar^{ies u}ⁿ^d^er^Tⁱ^t^l^e^XVI^I^Iⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^elig^ib^ility^relatin^g^{to ou}^t^r^each^an^{d edu}^cation^of^Medicare
^Iⁿ^fo^r^m^a^tⁱ^o^{n d}ⁱ^sse^mⁱ^na^tⁱ^o^{n r}^e^ga^r^dⁱⁿ^g^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^s^an^d^en^r^o^llin^gⁱⁿ^dⁱ^vⁱ^d^u^{als in}^Medⁱ^car^e.^ben^e^fⁱ^ciaries^(uⁿ^d^{er parts}^A^,^B^,^C^,^D,^an^d^E).^T^h^e
^th^{e Medicare prog}^ram^(u^sⁱⁿ^g^th^e^T^h^e^O^f^fⁱ^ce^w^o^u^l^d^{be a s}^e^parat^e^operatⁱⁿ^g^di^vⁱ^sⁱ^on^wⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ^O^f^fⁱ^{ce w}^o^u^l^d^b^e^{a s}^e^parat^e^operatⁱⁿ^g^di^vⁱ^sⁱ^on
^Medi^{care h}^aⁿ^dbook^{, 1-}^800-^Medi^care,^C^M^C^.^T^hⁱ^s^of^fⁱ^{ce w}^o^u^l^{d al}^s^o^{be requ}ⁱ^r^{ed t}^o^di^s^s^e^mⁱⁿ^a^t^e^w^ithⁱⁿ^MB^A^.^T^h^{is o}^f^fⁱ^{ce w}^o^u^l^d^also^b^e^r^e^q^u^ir^ed
^www.^M^e^dⁱ^c^a^r^e^.^g^o^v^,^aⁿ^d^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^g^r^a^m^m^a^{tic an}^d^ap^p^ealsⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^oⁿ^th^{e en}^tir^e^t^o^di^s^s^e^mⁱⁿ^a^t^e^prog^ram^m^a^tⁱ^c^an^{d appeal}^s
^m^e^t^h^ods^{) i}^s^perf^orm^e^{d by}^C^M^S^(uⁿ^d^er^{Medicare prog}^ram^{to ben}^e^fⁱ^ciaries^.ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^oⁿ^th^{e en}^tir^{e Me}^dⁱ^c^a^r^{e p}^r^o^g^r^a^m^to
^deleg^a^tion^f^r^om^th^{e Secretary}⁾^.^ben^e^fⁱ^ciaries^.

CRS-8
^Provisⁱ^ons^C^{urrent L}^a^w^S^{. 1}^H^{.R. 1}
^e^fⁱ^ciary^N^o^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^ecti^oⁿ^1808(d⁾^(3)(A⁾^.^A^Medi^{care O}^m^bu^ds^m^aⁿ^w^o^u^l^d^S^ecti^oⁿ^923(b⁾^.^Iⁿ^aⁿ^e^w^S^e^c^tⁱ^o^{n 1810}^{, a}
^maⁿ^{be created w}^ithⁱⁿ^th^e^O^ffi^{ce of}^B^eⁿ^e^fⁱ^ciary^A^s^sⁱ^s^t^an^ce.^Medi^{care be}^nefⁱ^ci^ary^om^bu^ds^m^aⁿ^w^o^u^l^{d be}
^T^h^{e Om}^bu^ds^m^aⁿ^w^o^u^l^{d receiv}^e^com^p^lain^ts^{, g}^r^iev^aⁿ^ces^,^creat^{ed w}ⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ^H^H^S^appoiⁿ^t^ed^by^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^.
^an^d^requ^es^ts^f^o^{r in}^f^o^rm^ation^an^{d as}^sⁱ^s^t^ben^e^fⁱ^ciaries^w^ith^T^h^{e s}^p^ecifⁱ^{c requ}^irem^en^ts^{are s}^u^bs^tan^tially^th^e
^r^e^sp^{ect to}^co^m^p^lain^ts,^g^r^iev^aⁿ^{ces, an}^d^r^e^q^u^{ests r}^e^g^a^r^dⁱⁿ^g^s^a^m^e^asⁱⁿ^S.^1.^T^h^{e Secretary}^w^o^u^l^{d be requ}^ired
^an^y^as^pect^o^f^t^h^{e Medicare prog}^ram^(parts^A^,^B^,^C^an^d^t^o^appoiⁿ^t^t^h^{e om}^bu^ds^m^aⁿ^wⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ^{1 y}^{ear f}^r^om^t^h^e
^{D). A}^l^s^o^r^e^qu^ires^as^sⁱ^s^t^an^{ce to ben}^e^fⁱ^ciaries^w^ith^{date of}^en^actm^eⁿ^t^.
^probl^em^s^rel^a^tⁱⁿ^g^t^o^di^s^eⁿ^r^ol^l^m^eⁿ^t^fr^om
^MedicareA^d^v^aⁿ^tag^e^plan^s^uⁿ^d^{er part C}^{or pres}^cription
^d^r^u^g^p^l^aⁿ^{s und}^e^r^p^a^r^t^D^.^Fur^t^he^r^r^e^q^uⁱ^r^e^s^aⁿ^a^nnua^l
^{report to th}^{e C}^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^,^th^{e Secretary}^,^an^{d th}^{e Medicare}
^Co^m^p^etitiv^{e P}^o^lⁱ^c^y^Ad^vⁱ^so^r^y^B^o^ar^d^.^Req^u^ir^{es th}^e
^o^m^b^u^d^s^m^aⁿ^to^co^o^r^dⁱⁿ^a^{te w}^ith^{state m}^e^dⁱ^c^a^l
^om^bu^ds^m^aⁿ^prog^ram^s^an^{d w}ⁱ^t^h^s^t^at^e-^an^{d com}^m^uⁿⁱ^t^y^-
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32029}^b^a^se^d^c^o^nsum^e^r^o^r^gaⁿⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^r^e^ga^r^dⁱ^{ng M}^e^dⁱ^c^a^r^e
^g/wⁱⁿ^f^o^rm^ation^an^{d ou}^treach^{to ben}^e^fⁱ^ciaries^.
^s^.or^A^u^t^h^ori^zatⁱ^oⁿ^f^o^{r om}^bu^ds^m^aⁿ^appropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿⁱ^s^part^of
^le^ak^th^{e o}^v^er^{all au}^th^o^r^izatioⁿ^o^f^ap^p^r^o^p^r^iatioⁿ^s^f^o^r^su^ch^su^m^s
^as^{are n}^eces^s^a^ry^f^o^r^th^is^s^ection^creatin^g^th^{e C}^M^C^.^[Sec.
^://wiki^1808(f⁾^.]
^h^ttp
^e^dⁱ^{care Ad}^viso^ry^N^o^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^ecti^oⁿ^1808(e)(1).^T^h^{e Med}ⁱ^car^{e Co}^m^p^etiti^v^e^P^o^licy^S^ecti^oⁿ^1809(e)(1).^Sam^e^as^{S. 1 ex}^cept^t^h^e
^r^{d (Boa}^r^d⁾^A^d^vⁱ^so^r^y^B^o^a^r^d^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^estab^lish^e^d^w^ithⁱⁿ^{CMC to}^B^o^ar^d^is^{called th}^{e Medicare P}^o^licy^A^d^vⁱ^s^o^ry
^a^d^vⁱ^s^e^{, co}ⁿ^s^u^{lt w}^ith^{, an}^d^m^a^k^e^r^eco^m^m^eⁿ^d^atioⁿ^s^to^th^e^B^o^{ard an}^d^M^e^{dicare part E w}^o^u^l^{d be in}^clu^d^ed.
^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rat^o^{r reg}^a^rdiⁿ^g^part^s^C^an^{d D of}^Medi^{care. T}^h^e^A^l^so^{, th}^{e b}^o^a^r^d^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^p^e^r^m^itted^to^hⁱ^r^e^an^d
^{Board w}^o^u^l^{d be requ}ⁱ^r^{ed t}^o^s^u^b^mⁱ^t^report^s^t^o^C^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^co^m^p^en^{sate staf}^f^w^ith^o^u^{t r}^e^g^a^r^d^to^Ch^a^p^t^e^r^s³¹^,
^aⁿ^d^t^h^e^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^t^o^r^r^e^ga^r^dⁱ^{ng t}^h^e^a^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^f⁵¹^,^an^d⁵³^o^f^T^{itle 5}^o^f^th^{e U.S. Co}^d^e^.

^part^s^C^an^{d D}^,^as^t^h^{e Board det}^e^rmⁱⁿ^es^appropri^a^t^e^{. T}^h^e
^report^s^w^o^u^l^{d be pu}^blⁱ^s^h^e^{d i}ⁿ^t^h^e^Feder^a^{l Regis}^t^er^an^d
^cou^l^{d in}^clu^d^{e recom}^m^eⁿ^d^ation^s^f^o^{r leg}ⁱ^s^l^ativ^{e or}
^admⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rativ^{e ch}^an^g^e^s^to^im^prov^{e th}^{e adm}ⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ration^of
^p^a^r^t^{s C an}^d^{D. Rep}^o^r^{ts w}^o^u^l^d^b^e^su^b^m^itted^dⁱ^r^ectl^y^t^o
^C^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^an^{d w}^o^u^l^d^b^e^e^x^em^pt^f^r^om^revⁱ^ew^by^an^y
^ex^ecu^tiv^{e b}^r^an^ch^en^tity^[^s^u^c^h^{as HHS o}^r^th^e^O^f^fⁱ^{ce o}^f
^M^a^na^ge^m^e^nt^aⁿ^d^B^u^d^g^e^t^]^.

CRS-9
^Provisⁱ^ons^C^{urrent L}^a^w^S^{. 1}^H^{.R. 1}
^No^{t later}^th^an⁹⁰^d^a^y^s^af^t^e^r^t^h^e^B^o^ar^d^su^b^m^{its a r}^e^p^o^r^t,
^th^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^to^r^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^r^e^q^uⁱ^r^e^d^to^su^b^m^{it to}
^C^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^an^{d th}^{e P}^r^es^iden^{t an}^an^aly^s^is^of^th^e
^r^eco^m^m^eⁿ^d^atioⁿ^s^m^a^d^e^b^y^th^{e B}^o^ar^d^an^d^to^p^u^b^lish^th^e
^an^aly^s^{is in}^th^e^Feder^a^{l Regis}^t^er^.
^T^h^{e B}^o^ar^d^w^o^u^l^d^coⁿ^s^{ist o}^f^sev^eⁿ^m^e^m^b^er^{s w}^ith^th^r^e^e
^appoiⁿ^t^{ed by}^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^,^t^w^{o by}^t^h^{e S}^p^eak^{er, t}^w^{o by}
^t^h^{e Pre}^sⁱ^d^eⁿ^t^{pro t}^e^m^{pore. T}^h^{e m}^e^m^b^ers^w^o^u^l^{d be}
^requ^{ired to h}^a^v^e^ex^peri^eⁿ^{ce in}^h^ealth^{care ben}^e^f^its
^m^aⁿ^a^g^e^m^eⁿ^t^an^{d cou}^l^{d n}^o^t^be^e^m^pl^oy^ees^of^t^h^{e f}^e^deral
^go^ve^rⁿ^m^e^nt^.
^T^h^{e Board ch}^ai^rpers^oⁿ^w^o^u^l^d^appoiⁿ^t^{a di}^rect^{or w}^h^o
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32029}^w^o^u^l^{d appoi}ⁿ^t^s^t^af^f^as^t^h^e^di^rect^{or con}^sⁱ^d^ers^appropri^a^t^e^,
^g/w^w^ith^th^{e appro}^v^a^l^o^f^th^{e B}^o^{ard. T}^h^{e B}^o^{ard w}^o^u^l^{d be}
^s^.or^{able to con}^t^{ract w}^ith^ag^en^cies^{or pers}^on^s^w^ith^ou^{t reg}^a^rd
^le^ak^t^o^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{3709 of}^t^h^{e R}^e^vⁱ^s^e^{d S}^t^at^u^t^es^.
^://wiki^horiz^ing^opr^ia^tions^N^o^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^ecti^oⁿ^1808(f).^A^ppropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^f^r^om^t^h^e^Medi^care^t^r^u^s^t^f^uⁿ^d^s^o^f^s^u^c^h^s^u^m^s^asⁿ^{eeded to carry}^ou^{t th}^is^s^ection^S^ecti^oⁿ^1809(f).^S^a^m^e^as^{S. 1 S}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^1808(f⁾^.^H^.^R.¹^d^o^e^{s no}^t^c^o^nt^aⁱ^{n l}^a^ngua^ge^m^a^ki^{ng a}ⁿ^y
^h^ttp^w^o^u^l^{d be au}^t^h^ori^{zed. N}^e^w^S^ecti^oⁿ^1860D^-25⁽ⁱⁿ^Title^admⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rativ^{e ex}^pen^s^es^m^aⁿ^d^atory^.
^{I) w}^o^u^l^{d m}^a^k^e^th^{e adm}ⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rativ^{e c}^o^s^t^s^as^s^o^{ciated w}^ith
ⁱ^m^p^l^e^m^eⁿ^tⁱ^{ng ne}^w^P^a^r^t^D^m^a^nd^a^t^o^r^y^aⁿ^d^no^t^sub^j^e^c^t^t^o
^appropri^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^.
^ll-^f^r^{ee Nu}^mb^{er (}¹^-^T^h^{e Secretary}^is^requ^{ired to prov}^id^e^S^ecti^oⁿ^301(b⁾^.^T^h^e^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^w^o^u^l^d^also^r^e^q^u^ir^{e th}^at^S^ecti^oⁿ^923(e).^S^a^m^e^a^s^S^.¹^.^A^l^s^o^w^o^u^l^d
^medⁱ^care)ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^oⁿ^Medⁱ^car^{e b}^eⁿ^e^f^{its v}ⁱ^{a a}^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^provⁱ^d^{e 1-}^800-^Medi^{care as}^{a m}^ean^s^by^requ^ire^th^{e Gen}^e^{ral A}^ccouⁿ^tin^g^Of^fⁱ^ce^(GA^O⁾^to
^t^o^l^l^-^f^r^{ee t}^e^l^e^ph^oneⁿ^u^m^{ber. Medi}^care^w^h^ichⁱⁿ^dⁱ^vⁱ^d^u^{als seek}ⁱⁿ^gⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^ab^o^u^{t o}^r^m^o^{nitor th}^{e accu}^racy^{, con}^s^is^te^nc^y^,^aⁿ^d
^b^eⁿ^e^f^{it in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^{is p}^r^o^v^id^ed^{at 1}^-^as^sⁱ^s^t^an^{ce w}^ith^{Medicare can}^receiv^e^as^sⁱ^s^t^anc^e^.^T^h^e^s^u^f^fⁱ^cⁱ^eⁿ^cy^ofⁱⁿ^f^o^rm^atⁱ^oⁿ^provⁱ^d^{ed t}^o
^800-^Medi^{care. C}^l^ai^m^sⁱⁿ^f^o^rm^atⁱ^oⁿ^can^Secr^etar^y^w^o^u^l^d^b^e^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^to^r^o^u^t^e^c^a^{lls to}^th^e^b^e^ne^fi^cⁱ^a^rⁱ^e^{s t}^h^r^o^ugh¹^-^800-^Medi^{care an}^{d report}
^b^e^o^b^t^aⁱ^ne^d^t^h^r^o^{ugh a}¹^-^{800 n}^u^m^ber^ap^p^r^o^p^r^{iate en}^tity^t^o^p^r^o^v^id^{e th}^{e assistan}^{ce o}^r^t^o^Co^ngr^e^ss.

^m^aⁱⁿ^tain^ed^b^y^th^e^b^eⁿ^e^fⁱ^ciar^y^’^sⁱⁿ^f^o^rm^atⁱ^oⁿ^.^T^h^{e 1-}^800-^Medi^{care n}^u^m^{ber w}^o^u^l^{d be}
^{Medicare con}^t^{ractor a}ⁿ^d^t^h^e^requⁱ^r^{ed t}^o^{be pu}^blⁱ^s^h^e^dⁱⁿ^t^h^{e Medi}^{care h}^aⁿ^dbookⁱⁿ
^coⁿ^t^r^a^c^t^o^r^’^s^to^ll-^f^r^{ee n}^u^m^b^e^r^is^{place of}^th^{e lis}^tin^g^of^ph^on^{e n}^u^m^bers^ofⁱⁿ^dividu^al
^pu^blⁱ^s^h^e^{d i}ⁿ^t^h^{e Medi}^{care h}^aⁿ^dbook^.^con^t^ractors^.

CRS-10
^Provisⁱ^ons^C^{urrent L}^a^w^S^{. 1}^H^{.R. 1}
^f^ect^{ive Dat}^e^N^o^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^ecti^oⁿ^1808(a)^.^T^h^{e Secretary}^w^o^u^l^{d be}^requ^ired^t^o^S^ecti^oⁿ^801(b⁾^.^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{1808 w}^o^u^l^{d t}^a^k^e^ef^f^ect
^es^t^a^blⁱ^s^h^C^M^C^by^March^{1, 2004.}^on^t^h^{e dat}^e^of^eⁿ^a^c^t^m^eⁿ^t^{. T}^h^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rat^o^r
^w^o^u^l^d^car^r^y^o^u^{t en}^r^o^llm^en^{t, m}^a^k^e^elig^ib^ility
^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^atⁱ^oⁿ^s^{, an}^{d carry}^ou^t^p^a^r^t^s^C^an^{d E of}
^Medi^{care beg}ⁱⁿⁿⁱⁿ^g^Janu^ary^{1, 2006. T}^h^e
^Secretary^w^o^u^l^{d be requ}^{ired to prov}^{ide f}^o^{r th}^e
^c^oⁿ^d^u^c^t^o^f^aⁿ^y^r^e^s^p^oⁿ^sⁱ^b^ilities^o^f^t^h^e
^Ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^r^a^t^o^r^o^f^M^B^A^b^e^fo^r^e^t^h^e^Ad^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^r^a^t^o^r^’^s
^appoiⁿ^t^m^eⁿ^t^.
^e^dⁱ^{care T}^r^u^s^t^ees^T^h^{e B}^o^{ard of}^T^r^u^s^tees^of^th^e^Medicare^S^ectⁱ^o^{n 302(a).}^T^h^e^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^r^a^t^o^r^o^f^C^M^C^w^o^u^l^d^S^ecti^oⁿ^801(c)⁽¹^).^T^h^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rat^o^{r of}^MBA
^T^r^u^s^{t Fu}ⁿ^d^{s is co}^m^p^o^s^ed^o^f^th^e^s^e^rv^{e as}^C^o^-^S^ecretary^of^th^{e B}^o^a^r^d^of^T^r^u^s^tees^of^th^e^w^o^u^l^d^{be a m}^e^m^b^{er of}^th^{e Medicare T}^r^u^s^t^Fuⁿ^d^s
^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^{er of}^S^o^{cial Secu}^rity^{, th}^e^{Medicare T}^r^u^s^{t Fu}ⁿ^d^s^.^Boa^r^{d .}
^Secretary^of^th^{e T}^r^eas^u^r^y^,^th^{e Secretary}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32029}^of^L^a^{bor, an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^Heal^th
^g/w^an^{d Hu}^m^aⁿ^Serv^ices^an^{d tw}^{o m}^e^m^b^ers
^s^.or^o^f^th^e^p^u^b^{lic. T}^h^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^to^r^o^f^th^e
^le^ak^C^eⁿ^t^ers^f^o^{r Medicare &}^Medicaid
^Serv^ices^s^e^rv^es^as^t^h^e^Secretary^of^th^e
^://wiki^B^o^{ard of}^T^r^u^s^tees^.
^h^ttp^S^{Administrator}^T^h^e^p^a^{y l}^e^ve^l^fo^r^t^h^e^C^M^S^S^ecti^oⁿ³⁰²⁽^b)^.^T^h^{e p}^a^y^lev^e^{l f}^o^r^th^{e A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^to^r^o^f^S^ecti^oⁿ^801(c)(2).^S^a^m^e^as^S^.^{1 bu}^t^w^o^u^l^{d beg}ⁱⁿ
^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^to^r^{is at lev}^e^{l I}^V^o^f^th^e^C^M^{S w}^o^u^l^{d in}^creas^e^t^o^lev^e^{l III of}^th^{e Ex}^ecu^tiv^e^Jan^u^a^ry^{1, 2004.}
^Ex^ecu^tiv^{e Sch}^e^du^le.^S^c^h^e^du^l^e^{, beg}ⁱⁿⁿⁱⁿ^g^March^{1, 2004.}
^o^f^th^{e U. S. Co}^d^e^coⁿ^t^ain^s^th^e^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^law^g^o^v^e^rⁿⁱⁿ^g^p^e^r^s^oⁿⁿ^e^l^em^p^l^o^y^ed^b^y^th^{e ex}^ecu^tiv^{e b}^r^an^ch^{as w}^e^{ll as estab}^lis^hⁱⁿ^g^th^{e s}^a^laries^f^o^{r all th}^{ree bran}^ch^es^of^th^{e f}^e^deral
^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^{. C}^h^apt^e^{r 31 addres}^s^e^s^au^t^h^ori^t^y^f^o^{r em}^pl^oy^m^eⁿ^t^{. T}^h^{e 12 s}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^C^h^apt^e^{r 31 t}^h^at^w^o^u^l^{d be ret}^aⁱⁿ^{ed are:}³¹⁰²^{, p}^e^r^m^ittin^g^ag^en^{cies to}^hⁱ^r^e^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^a^l^a^s^sⁱ^s^t^aⁿ^t^s^f^o^r
^dⁱ^{capped em}^pl^oy^ees^;³¹⁰³^{, r}^e^q^u^irⁱⁿ^g^em^p^l^o^y^{ees to}^r^eⁿ^d^er^ser^v^{ices in}^coⁿⁿ^ectioⁿ^w^ith^an^d^f^o^r^th^{e p}^u^r^p^o^s^{es o}^f^th^{e ap}^p^r^o^p^r^iatioⁿ^f^r^o^m^w^h^ich^th^eⁱⁿ^dⁱ^vⁱ^d^u^al^is^p^a^id^;³¹⁰⁴^{, p}^e^r^m^ittin^g
^ecto^r^o^f^th^{e Of}^fⁱ^{ce o}^f^P^e^r^s^oⁿⁿ^e^{l Man}^a^g^e^m^eⁿ^t⁽^O^P^M⁾^to^estab^lish^,^an^d^r^e^vⁱ^se,^th^e^m^a^xⁱ^m^u^mⁿ^u^m^b^e^r^o^f^scien^tif^ic^o^r^p^r^o^f^essi^oⁿ^{al p}^o^s^itioⁿ^s^o^u^tsid^{e o}^f^th^{e Gen}^e^r^a^{l Sch}^e^d^u^{le f}^o^r
ⁱⁿ^g^ou^{t res}^earch^an^{d dev}^e^lopm^en^{t f}^uⁿ^c^tion^s^;³¹⁰⁵^{, requ}^irin^g^ag^en^cies^{to appoin}^t^as^m^aⁿ^y^admⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^rativ^e^law^j^u^dg^es^(A^L^J^s⁾^as^{are n}^eces^s^a^ry^f^o^{r h}^earin^g^s^an^{d oth}^e^{r s}^u^ch^proceedin^gs;
^,^p^r^o^h^ib^itin^g^ag^en^cy^h^ead^s^f^r^o^m^em^p^l^o^yⁱⁿ^g^p^r^iv^{ate atto}^rⁿ^ey^{s in}^litig^atioⁿ^th^{at is ag}^ain^s^{t th}^{e ag}^en^cy^an^d^r^e^q^u^ir^es^th^e^m^a^tter^b^e^ref^e^{rred to th}^{e Departm}^eⁿ^t^of^J^u^s^tice;³¹⁰⁷^{, p}^r^o^h^ib^itin^g
^pl^oy^m^eⁿ^t^of^pu^blⁱ^cⁱ^t^y^ex^pert^s^uⁿ^l^es^s^s^p^eci^fⁱ^cal^l^y^appropri^a^t^e^{d f}^o^{r t}^h^at^pu^rpos^e;³¹⁰⁸^{, proh}ⁱ^bⁱ^tⁱⁿ^g^t^h^{e em}^pl^oy^m^eⁿ^t^of^Piⁿ^k^e^rt^on^D^e^t^ectⁱ^v^{e A}^g^en^cy^em^pl^oy^ees^{or em}^pl^oy^ees^f^r^om
^ilar^o^r^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ^s^;³¹¹⁰^{, p}^r^o^h^ib^itin^g^th^{e em}^p^l^o^y^m^eⁿ^t^o^f^r^e^lativ^es;³¹¹¹^{, p}^e^rm^ittin^g^ag^en^{cies to}^accep^t^v^o^l^uⁿ^t^{eer serv}^{ices o}^f^stu^d^en^ts;³¹¹²^,^gi^vi^{ng hi}^rⁱ^{ng p}^r^e^f^e^r^eⁿ^c^e^s^t^o^ve^t^e^r^a^ns;
^,^barrin^g^f^e^deral^re-^e^m^p^loy^m^en^{t if}^th^{e em}^ploy^{ee is}^con^vⁱ^{cted of}^certain^s^p^ecifⁱ^{ed crim}^es^relatin^g^t^o^bri^b^ery^of^{a pu}^blⁱ^c^of^fⁱ^ci^{al an}^{d dru}^g^{related crim}^es^;^3136m^{, n}^o^s^u^ch^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^;
³¹⁵¹^{, p}^e^r^m^ittin^g^th^{e A}^tto^rⁿ^ey^Gen^e^r^a^{l to}^estab^lish^{a p}^e^r^s^oⁿⁿ^e^{l sy}^stem^f^o^r^senⁱ^o^r^ex^ecu^tiv^{es in}^th^{e FB}^I^an^d^DEA^.^A^m^oⁿ^g^th^{e eig}^h^t^se^ctioⁿ^s^th^{at w}^o^u^l^d^b^e^w^a^iv^ed^a^r^e^t^h^o^s^e
^hⁱⁿ^g^th^{e Sen}ⁱ^{or Ex}^ecu^tiv^{e Serv}^ice.

CRS-11
^apt^e^{r 51 con}^t^aiⁿ^s^requⁱ^r^em^en^t^s^abou^t^cl^as^sⁱ^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^of^j^obs^an^{d es}^t^a^blⁱ^s^h^e^s^t^h^{e g}^eⁿ^e^ral^s^c^h^e^du^l^e^{. S}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{5101 requ}ⁱ^r^es^{a p}^lan^f^o^r^cla^ssifyin^g^p^o^s^itioⁿ^s^f^o^r^th^{e p}^u^r^p^o^s^{es o}^f^p^a^y^r^a^tes
^en^su^rⁱⁿ^g^th^{at th}^{e p}^rⁱⁿ^cip^l^{e o}^f^eq^u^a^{l p}^a^y^f^o^r^su^b^s^tan^tially^eq^u^a^{l w}^o^r^k^w^{ill b}^e^f^o^llo^w^e^d^,^an^d^th^{at v}^a^rⁱ^atioⁿ^sⁱⁿ^p^a^y^r^a^{tes w}ⁱ^l^l^{be i}ⁿ^proportⁱ^oⁿ^t^o^s^u^bs^t^aⁿ^tⁱ^a^l^di^f^f^e^ren^cesⁱⁿ^t^h^{e di}^f^fⁱ^cu^l^t^y^,
^sⁱ^bility^,^an^{d qu}^alif^ication^requ^irem^en^ts^{. Section}^{5101 als}^o^requ^ires^g^r^ou^pin^g^em^ploy^ees^by^clas^s^e^s^an^{d g}^r^adesⁱⁿ^accordaⁿ^{ce w}^ith^th^eir^d^u^{ties, r}^e^sp^oⁿ^sib^{ilities, an}^d^q^u^alif^icatioⁿ^s^.
^{apter 53 addres}^s^e^s^pay^rates^an^{d s}^y^s^t^em^s^an^{d es}^tablis^h^e^s^th^{e ex}^ecu^tiv^{e s}^c^h^e^du^{le an}^{d g}^eⁿ^e^{ral s}^c^h^e^du^{le pay}^rates^.^Section⁵³⁰¹^,^w^hⁱ^c^{h w}^o^ul^d^b^e^r^e^t^aⁱⁿ^e^d^,^e^s^t^a^b^lⁱ^s^he^{s t}^h^e^ge^ne^r^a^l
^th^{at f}^e^d^e^r^a^l^pay^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e g}^eⁿ^e^{ral s}^c^h^e^du^{le be bas}^e^d^on^f^o^u^r^prin^ciples^:^equ^a^l^pay^f^o^r^s^u^bs^tan^tially^equ^a^{l w}^o^rk^w^ithⁱⁿ^each^{local pay}^{area; pa}^y^dⁱ^stin^ctioⁿ^s^b^e^m^aⁱⁿ^tain^ed^w^ithⁱⁿ
^a^y^ar^{eas f}^o^r^w^o^r^k^an^d^p^e^r^f^o^r^m^aⁿ^{ce d}ⁱ^stin^ctioⁿ^s^{; p}^a^y^r^a^{tes b}^e^co^m^p^ar^ab^{le w}^ithⁿ^oⁿ^-^f^e^d^e^r^a^{l p}^a^y^r^a^{tes f}^o^r^th^{e sam}^e^lev^e^{ls o}^f^w^o^rk^w^ithⁱⁿ^th^e^s^a^m^e^{local pay}^{area; an}^{d ex}^is^tin^g^pay
^ar^{ities b}^e^tw^een^f^e^d^e^r^a^{l an}^dⁿ^oⁿ^-^f^e^d^e^r^a^{l em}^p^l^o^y^{ees sh}^o^u^ld^b^e^co^m^p^letely^elimⁱⁿ^ated

ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL32029}
^g/w
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
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