Export Administration Act of 2001: Side-by-Side of S. 149 and H.R. 2541

Report for Congress
Export Administration Act of 2001:
Side-by-Side of S. 149 and H.R. 2581
April 30, 2002
Ian F. Fergusson
Analyst in International Trade and Finance
Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division

Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

The Export Administration Act of 2001:
Side-by-Side of S. 149 and H.R. 2581
Summary
This report compares the major provisions of the Export Administration Act of
2001 (EAA); S. 149 as passed by the Senate, H.R. 2581 as amended by the House
International Relations Committee, and H.R. 2581 as further amended by the House
Armed Services Committee. These bills reauthorize and revamp the primary
authority for controlling exports and technologies for reasons of foreign policy and
national security. The Export Administration Act of 2001 was introduced in the
Senate as S. 149 on January 23, 2001, by Senator Michael P. Enzi. The bill was
reported out by the Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee on
March 22, 2001 by a vote of 19-1. After 3 days of debate, the Senate passed the
measure, incorporating three amendments, on September 6, 2001. One House
version of EAA (H.R. 2581), substantially similar to S. 149, was introduced by Rep.
Benjamin Gilman on July 20, 2001. It was approved by the House International
Relations Committee(HIRC) on August 1 by a vote of 26-7 with 35 amendments,
thus significantly altering the measure. In addition, the House Permanent Select
Committee on Intelligence and the House Armed Services Committee (HASC) have
held hearings on H.R. 2581. The HASC marked-up and reported out the legislation
with further amendments on March 6, 2002 by a vote of 44-6.
The Senate and the HASC versions of EAA contain seven titles; the HIRC
version contains eight. Title I vests the authority to license exports with the Secretary
of Commerce and provides for the establishment of the Commerce Control List. Title
II provides for controls based on national security purposes. It authorizes the
establishment of a National Security Control List. This title also authorizes the
decontrol of certain items due to foreign availability or items categorized as having
mass market status. Title III authorizes foreign policy based export controls,
including controls to deter international terrorism. Title IV provides a review
mechanism for disputed license applications. Title V authorizes U.S. participation in
multilateral export control regimes and details penalties for export control violations.
Title VI authorizes the establishment of an Under Secretary for Export
Administration to carry out functions of the Act. This title also protects the
confidentiality of license applications. Title VII in the HIRC version transfers
licensing authority over commercial communications satellites from the Department
of State to the Department of Commerce. Title VII of the Senate and HASC versions
(Title VIII in the HIRC version) mandates the submission of an annual report to
Congress and also contains several conforming amendments, including those
repealing provisions related to the control of high performance computers.
This report compares the three pieces of legislation by title, highlighting
significant differences. Section descriptors span all three columns and provide
background where necessary. Sections added in one version without comparable
provision in the other are summarized. In cases in which committee action amended
the wording of existing sections, the legislative language is directly cited.

Contents
In troduction ......................................................1
Title I: General Authorities..........................................3
Title II: National Security Export Controls..............................6
Title III - Foreign Policy Controls....................................15
Title IV - Export License and Dispute Resolution Procedures..............20
Title VI - Export Control Authority and Regulations.....................24
Title VIII [ Title VII (AS)]..........................................27

The Export Administration Act of 2001:
Side-by-Side of S. 149 and H.R. 2581
Introduction
This report compares the major provisions of the Export Administration Act of
2001; S. 149 as passed by the Senate, H.R. 2581 as amended by the House
International Relations Committee, and H.R. 2581 as further amended by the House
Armed Services Committee. Exports of sensitive dual-use goods and technology
(i.e. items with both civilian and military applications) have been regulated by the
Export Administration Act of 1979 (P.L. 96-72, 50 U.S.C. 2401 et seq). This Act first
expired in 1989, but periodically it has been extended by Congress. During several
periods when the Act has expired, the Export Administration Regulations have been
maintained by authority of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act
(IEEPA)(50 U.S.C. 1703(b)).
In the 107th Congress, S. 149, the Export Administration Act of 2001, to
reauthorize and rewrite the EAA was introduced on January 23, 2001, by Senator
Michael P. Enzi. The Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee voted
19-1 to report S. 149 to the Senate on March 22, 2001. After 3 days of debate, the
Senate passed the measure, incorporating three amendments, on September 6, 2001.
One House version of EAA (H.R. 2581), substantially similar to S. 149, was
introduced by Rep. Benjamin Gilman on July 20, 2001. It was approved by the House
International Relations Committee(HIRC) on August 1 by a vote of 26-7 with 35
amendments, thus significantly altering the measure. In addition, the House
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence and the House Armed Services
Committee (HASC) have held hearings on H.R. 2581. The HASC marked-up and
reported out the legislation with further amendments on March 6, 2002 by a vote of

44-6.

This report compares the three pieces of legislation and the similarities and
differences between them. It is arranged by title and section, which also serve as a
proxy for subject matter. The section descriptors span all three columns and provide
background where necessary. Sections added in one version without comparable
provision in the other are summarized. In cases in which committee action amended
the wording of existing sections, the legislative language is directly cited. For further
information concerning the issues surrounding the Export Administration Act, please
refer to the following reports: RL30169, Export Administration Act Reauthorization,
and RL30689, Export Administration Act: Controversy and Prospects.

Title I: General Authorities
^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^Defⁱⁿ^itioⁿ^s^-^Deem^ed^Ex^p^o^r^ts
^Do^{es n}^o^{t r}^e^f^e^r^to^d^eem^ed^ex^p^o^r^ts^{Sec. 2}⁽⁹⁾⁽ⁱⁱⁱ⁾^-^d^e^fⁱⁿ^e^{s d}^eem^ed^ex^p^o^r^{ts to}ⁱⁿ^clu^d^{e “}^t^h^e^r^e^{lease o}^f^an^item^to^{a f}^o^r^e^igⁿ
ⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l w}^ithⁱⁿ^o^r^o^u^tsid^{e th}^{e Un}^ited^States.”
^Defⁱⁿ^itioⁿ^s^-^T^echⁿ^o^lo^g^y
^{Sec. 2(1)(ii)-}^d^efⁱⁿ^es^techⁿ^o^log^y^{to m}^ean^“^s^pecifⁱ^{c in}^f^o^rm^ation^th^{at is}ⁿ^eces^s^a^ry^f^o^{r th}^e^{Sec. 2}⁽¹⁾⁽ⁱⁱ⁾^-^d^e^fⁱⁿ^e^{s tech}ⁿ^o^lo^g^y^to^m^ean
^dev^e^l^opm^en^t^,^produ^ctⁱ^oⁿ^,^{or u}^s^{e of}^anⁱ^t^e^m^,^an^{d t}^a^k^e^s^t^h^{e f}^o^rm^of^t^echⁿⁱ^cal^dat^a^or^“^s^pecifⁱ^{c in}^f^o^rm^ation^,^com^m^uⁿⁱ^{cated by}^an^y
^as^sⁱ^s^t^an^ce.”^m^ean^{s tan}^gⁱ^b^l^{e o}^rⁱⁿ^tan^gⁱ^b^l^{e, th}^{at is}
ⁿ^eces^s^a^ry^f^o^{r t}^h^{e des}ⁱ^gⁿ^,^dev^e^l^opm^en^t^,
^p^r^o^d^u^ctioⁿ^,^o^r^u^s^{e o}^f^an^item^,ⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g
^t^a^ki^{ng t}^h^e^fo^r^m^o^f^t^e^c^hni^c^a^l^d^a^t^a^o^r
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^techⁿⁱ^{cal as}^sⁱ^s^t^an^ce.”
^g/w^S^{ec. 101 C}^o^m^m^e^{rce C}^oⁿ^t^rol^Lⁱ^s^t^-^T^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^au^t^h^ori^zes^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^t^o^es^t^a^blⁱ^s^h^{a C}^o^m^m^e^{rce C}^oⁿ^t^rol^Lⁱ^s^t^ofⁱ^t^e^m^s^s^u^bj^ect^t^o^licen^s^e
^s^.or^au^th^o^r^izatioⁿ^f^o^r^ex^p^o^r^t.
^le^ak
^://wiki^S^{ec. 101(e) “}^T^h^e^S^ecret^ary^m^a^y^pres^cri^b^e^s^u^ch^reg^u^l^ation^s^as^{are n}^eces^s^a^ry^{to carry}^{No com}^p^{arable prov}^is^ion
^h^ttp^ou^t^t^h^{e prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^hⁱ^s^A^c^t^.^{” S}^{ec. 101(e)}
^S^{ec. 103 Pu}^blⁱ^c^In^f^o^rm^atⁱ^oⁿ^-^T^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^di^rect^s^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^t^o^k^{eep t}^h^{e pu}^blⁱ^cⁱⁿ^f^o^rm^{ed abou}^t^ch^an^g^e^s^t^o^ex^port^con^t^rol^po^licy^an^d
^p^r^o^c^e^d^ur^e^.^T^h^e^H^o^use^ve^r^sⁱ^o^{n a}^d^d^s^na^tⁱ^o^na^l^se^c^u^rⁱ^t^y^o^r^no^np^r^o^lⁱ^f^e^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n gr}^o^u^p^s^t^o^t^h^e^r^a^nge^o^f^gr^o^u^p^s^t^o^b^e^c^o^nsul^t^e^d^.
^S^{ec. 103(b) “}^T^h^e^S^ecret^ary^s^h^al^l^con^s^u^l^t^S^{ec. 103(b) “}^T^h^e^S^ecret^ary^s^h^al^l^con^s^u^l^t^reg^u^l^arl^y^wⁱ^t^h^repres^en^t^a^tⁱ^v^es^of^{a broad s}^p^ect^ru^m
^r^e^g^u^l^ar^ly^w^ith^r^e^p^r^esen^tativ^{es o}^f^{a b}^r^o^a^d^o^f^en^ter^p^rⁱ^{ses, lab}^o^r^o^r^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ^s^{, n}^oⁿ^p^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^an^dⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^ex^p^e^r^t^{s an}^d
^s^p^ect^ru^m^of^en^t^e^rpri^s^e^s^,^l^a^{bor org}^aⁿⁱ^zatⁱ^oⁿ^s^,^citizen^sⁱⁿ^teres^t^{ed in}^{or af}^f^{ected by}^ex^{port co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{ls in}^o^r^d^e^r^to^o^b^t^ain^th^eir^vⁱ^ew^{s o}ⁿ^Un^ited
^an^{d citizen}^sⁱⁿ^teres^t^{ed in}^{or af}^f^{ected by}^{States ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l p}^o^licy^an^d^th^{e f}^o^r^e^igⁿ^av^ailab^ility^o^r^m^a^ss-^m^a^r^k^{et statu}^s^o^f^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled
^ex^port^con^t^rol^sⁱⁿ^{order t}^o^obt^aiⁿ^t^h^ei^{r v}ⁱ^ew^s^item^s^.”
^oⁿ^Un^ited^{States ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l p}^o^licy^an^d
^th^{e f}^o^r^e^igⁿ^av^ailab^ility^o^r^m^a^ss-^m^a^r^k^et
^statu^s^o^f^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^s^.”
^{Sec. 105 Ex}^{port C}^oⁿ^t^{rol A}^d^vⁱ^s^o^ry^C^o^m^m^ittees^{. T}^h^is^s^ection^au^th^ori^zes^th^{e Secretary}^{to appoin}^t^ex^{port con}^t^{rol adv}ⁱ^s^o^ry^com^m^itte^{es w}^ith
^res^p^{ect to an}^y^item^s^{or clas}^s^of^item^s^con^t^{rolled or s}^u^bj^{ect to}^ex^{port con}^t^rols^{. T}^h^{e Hou}^s^{e v}^e^rs^ioⁿ^directs^th^{e Secretary}^{to s}^e^e^{k t}^h^e
^p^a^r^ticip^atioⁿ^o^fⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^an^dⁿ^oⁿ^-^p^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^ex^p^e^r^t^{s o}ⁿ^th^{e ad}^vⁱ^so^r^y^co^m^m^ittees.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 105(a) “}^T^h^e^S^ecret^ary^s^h^al^l^permⁱ^t^t^h^e^S^{ec. 105(a) “}^T^h^e^S^ecret^ary^s^h^al^l^permⁱ^t^t^h^{e w}ⁱ^des^t^pos^sⁱ^bl^{e part}ⁱ^cⁱ^p^atⁱ^oⁿ^on^t^h^{e ex}^port
^wⁱ^des^t^pos^sⁱ^bl^{e part}ⁱ^cⁱ^p^atⁱ^oⁿ^by^t^h^{e bu}^sⁱⁿ^e^s^s^con^t^{rol adv}ⁱ^s^o^ry^com^m^ittees^byⁿ^oⁿ^p^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^an^dⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^ex^p^e^r^t^{s, an}^d^b^y^th^e
^com^m^uⁿ^ity^on^th^{e ex}^{port con}^t^{rol adv}ⁱ^s^o^ry^b^u^sine^{ss c}^o^m^m^unity^.^”
^com^m^ittees^.”
^Tⁱ^{tle I}^I^:^{National Secu}^{rity E}^x^{port Controls}
^S^{ec. 201(a) A}^u^t^h^ori^zes^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^t^o^prohⁱ^bⁱ^t^,^t^o^cu^rt^ai^l^,^{or t}^o^requⁱ^r^{e a l}ⁱ^cen^s^e^f^o^{r t}^h^{e ex}^port^of^an^yⁱ^t^e^m^f^o^{r n}^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^s^ecu^ri^t^y^pu^rpos^es^.
^{Sec. 201 (a)(2) au}^th^orizes^th^{e Secretary}^{to ex}^ercis^e^th^es^{e au}^th^or^ities^,^bu^{t th}^{e bills}^dif^f^e^{r on}^th^{e ex}^ten^t^{to w}^h^ich^th^{e Secreta}^r^y^m^u^st^c^o^nsul^t^o^r
^s^eek^con^c^u^r^ren^{ce w}^ith^oth^e^{r ag}^en^ciesⁱⁿ^th^{e ex}^ercis^e^of^hⁱ^s^au^th^ority^.
^S^{ec. 201(a)(2) EX}^ER^C^I^S^E^O^F^A^U^T^H^O^R^IT^Y^-^“^T^h^e^au^t^h^ori^t^y^con^t^aiⁿ^e^{d i}ⁿ^t^hⁱ^s^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 201(a)(2) “}^E^X^E^R^C^I^S^E^O^F
^s^h^{all be ex}^ercis^e^{d by}^th^{e Secretary}^,ⁱⁿ^con^s^u^ltatioⁿ^w^ith^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^o^f^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, th}^e^A^U^T^HOR^IT^Y-^T^h^{e au}^th^ority^con^t^ain^e^{d in}
ⁱⁿ^tellig^en^{ce ag}^en^{cies, an}^d^su^ch^o^t^h^e^r^d^e^p^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^{s an}^d^ag^en^{cies as th}^{e Secr}^etar^y^coⁿ^s^id^er^s^th^{is su}^b^s^ectioⁿ^sh^{all b}^e^ex^er^cised^b^y^th^e
^appropri^a^t^e^.”^Secretary^,^w^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^r^ren^{ce of}^th^e
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^Secretary^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^{d in}^con^s^u^ltation
^g/w^w^ith^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^o^f^{State, th}^{e in}^tellig^en^ce
^s^.or^ag^en^cies^{, an}^{d th}^{e h}^eads^of^s^u^ch^oth^e^r
^le^ak^departm^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d ag}^en^cies^as^th^{e Secretary}^con^sⁱ^d^ers^appropri^a^t^e^.”
^://wiki^S^{ec. 201(b) Pu}^rpos^es^of^N^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^S^ecu^ri^t^y^C^oⁿ^t^rol^s^-^T^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^e^nuncⁱ^a^t^e^{s t}^h^e^p^u^r^p^o^s^e^o^f^na^tⁱ^o^na^l^se^c^u^rⁱ^t^y^c^o^nt^r^o^l^s^.^T^h^e^l^a^ngua^ge^dⁱ^ffe^r^s
^h^ttp^b^e^tw^een^th^{e b}^{ills in}^p^u^r^p^o^s^{e (}¹⁾^an^d⁽³⁾^.^T^h^{e HA}^{SC v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^coⁿ^t^ain^s^{a d}ⁱ^f^f^e^r^eⁿ^t^stan^d^a^r^dⁱⁿ^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿⁱⁿ^g^th^{e item}^s^th^{at can}^b^e^c^oⁿ^tr^o^lled
^uⁿ^d^erⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^coⁿ^t^r^o^{ls an}^d^{a m}^o^r^e^d^e^tailed^v^e^r^s^ioⁿ^o^f^th^{e p}^u^r^p^o^s^{e o}^f^an^ti-^ter^r^o^r^ism^coⁿ^t^r^o^ls.
^S^{ec. 201(b)(1) “}^T^{o res}^t^ri^ct^t^h^{e ex}^port^of^{Sec. 201(b)(1) “}^T^{o res}^t^{rict th}^{e ex}^{port of}^item^s^th^{at cou}^l^{d con}^t^ribu^{te to th}^{e m}^ilitary^poten^tial
^item^s^th^{at w}^o^u^l^d^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^{e m}^ilitar^y^o^f^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es so}^{as to}^p^r^o^v^{e d}^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^eⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States, its allies}
^pot^en^tⁱ^a^l^of^couⁿ^t^ri^es^s^o^as^t^o^prov^e^{or cou}ⁿ^t^ries^s^h^arin^g^com^m^oⁿ^s^t^rategⁱ^{c obj}^ectiv^es^w^ith^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^.”
^d^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^o^f^th^e
^Un^ited^{States, its allies o}^r^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es sh}^arⁱⁿ^g
^co^m^m^oⁿ^str^a^tegⁱ^{c o}^b^j^ectiv^{es w}^ith^th^{e Un}^ited
^States^.”
^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{201(b)(3) “}^T^{o det}^e^{r act}^s^ofⁱⁿ^t^e^rn^atⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^t^e^rrori^s^m^”^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{201(b)(3) “}^T^{o res}^t^ri^ct^t^h^{e ex}^port^of
^item^s^th^{at co}^u^l^d^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^{acts o}^f
ⁱⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l ter}^r^o^rⁱ^sm^so^{as to}^p^r^o^v^e
^d^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^o^f^th^e
^Un^ited^{States, its allies, o}^r^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es sh}^arⁱⁿ^g
^co^m^m^oⁿ^str^a^tegⁱ^{c o}^b^j^ectiv^{es w}^ith^th^{e Un}^ited
^States^.”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^{Sec. 201(c) En}^{d Us}^{e an}^{d En}^{d Us}^{er C}^oⁿ^t^rols^{. T}^h^is^s^ection^au^th^orizes^th^{e im}^pos^ition^of^con^t^rols^of^an^y^item^th^{at cou}^l^{d con}^t^ribu^{te to}^th^e
^prolⁱ^f^eratⁱ^oⁿ^of^w^eapon^s^of^m^a^s^s^des^t^ru^ctⁱ^oⁿ^bas^e^{d on}^t^h^{e en}^d-^u^s^{e or en}^d-^u^s^{er of}^t^h^atⁱ^t^e^m^.^H^o^w^e^v^e^{r, t}^h^{e H}^o^u^s^{e v}^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^s^m^aⁿ^d^at^e^a
^pres^u^m^ption^of^denⁱ^{al f}^o^{r certain}^en^d-^u^s^{e or en}^d-^u^s^ers^.
^{(c) “}^E^{ND USE A}^{ND END USER}^{(c) “}^E^{ND USE A}^{ND END USER}^C^ONT^R^O^L^S^-
^C^ONT^R^O^L^S^-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r⁽¹⁾^GENERA^L^A^U^T^HORI^T^Y-⁽^A⁾^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is A}^c^t,
^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is title, co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{ls m}^a^y^b^e^con^t^rol^s^m^a^y^{be i}^m^pos^{ed, bas}^e^{d on}^t^h^{e en}^{d u}^s^{e or en}^{d u}^s^{er, on}^t^h^{e ex}^port^of^an^yⁱ^t^e^m^,^t^h^at
ⁱ^m^pos^{ed, bas}^e^{d on}^t^h^{e en}^{d u}^s^{e or en}^{d u}^s^er,^co^u^l^d^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^{e p}^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^o^f^w^eap^oⁿ^{s o}^f^m^a^{ss d}^e^str^u^ctioⁿ^o^r^th^{e m}^ean^{s to}^d^e^liv^er
^on^th^{e ex}^{port of}^an^y^item^,^th^{at cou}^l^d^th^em^.
^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^{e p}^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^o^f^w^eap^oⁿ^{s o}^f^(B^{) T}^h^{e P}^r^es^iden^{t s}^h^{all s}^eek^{to s}^t^ren^g^t^h^eⁿ^m^u^{ltilateral cooperation}^{to iden}^tif^y^m^o^re
^m^a^{ss d}^e^str^u^ctioⁿ^o^r^th^{e m}^ean^{s to}^d^e^liv^er^ef^f^ectiv^ely^en^{d u}^s^ers^of^con^cern^.
^th^em^.”^(C^{) T}^h^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all es}^tablis^h^an^{d m}^aⁱⁿ^tain^{a databas}^e^lis^tin^g^en^{d u}^s^ers^of^con^cern^an^d
^d^e^v^e^lo^p^{a p}^r^o^ced^u^r^{e b}^y^w^h^ich^ex^p^o^r^ter^s^can^u^{tilize su}^ch^d^a^tab^a^{se to}^scr^een^p^r^o^s^p^ectiv^{e en}^d
^use^r^s.
⁽²^{) P}^R^ESUMP^T^{ION OF DENIA}^L^{OF C}^E^R^T^A^I^{N L}^I^C^E^NSES-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is A}^c^{t, th}^er^{e sh}^{all b}^e^{a p}^r^esu^m^p^tioⁿ^o^f^d^eⁿⁱ^{al f}^o^r^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^an^item^if^th^e
^g/w^Secretary^,^w^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secr}^etary^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^State,
^s^.or^determⁱⁿ^es^th^{at th}^{ere is}^{a s}ⁱ^gⁿⁱ^fⁱ^can^{t ris}^k^th^at-^-
^le^ak^(A^{) th}^{e en}^{d u}^s^{er des}ⁱ^gⁿ^a^{ted to receiv}^e^s^u^ch^item^isⁱⁿ^v^o^lv^{ed in}^{a prog}^ram^{or activ}^ity^f^o^{r th}^e
^d^e^sigⁿ^,^d^e^v^e^lo^p^m^en^{t, m}^aⁿ^u^f^actu^r^{e, sto}^c^k^p^ilin^g^,^testin^g^,^o^r^o^t^h^e^r^acq^uⁱ^sitioⁿ^o^f^{a w}^eap^oⁿ^o^f
^://wiki^m^a^s^s^des^t^ru^ction^{or th}^{e m}^ean^s^{to deliv}^{er s}^u^ch^{a w}^eapon^an^{d is}ⁱⁿ^{a cou}ⁿ^t^ry^th^{at is}ⁿ^o^{t an}
^h^ttp^ad^h^e^r^eⁿ^t^to^{a m}^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^coⁿ^t^r^o^llin^g^su^ch^w^eap^oⁿ^o^r^m^ean^{s o}^f
^deliv^ery^,^uⁿ^l^es^s^th^{e Secretary}^,^w^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^r^ren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^{d th}^e
^Secr^etar^y^o^f^{State, an}^dⁱⁿ^coⁿ^s^u^ltatioⁿ^w^ith^th^{e in}^tellig^en^{ce ag}^en^{cies an}^d^th^{e h}^ead^o^f^an^y
^ot^h^e^{r depart}^m^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^of^t^h^{e U}ⁿⁱ^t^e^{d S}^t^at^es^th^{at th}^{e Secretary}^con^s^iders^appropriate,
^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es th}^{at su}^ch^ex^p^o^r^{t w}^o^u^l^dⁿ^o^{t m}^a^k^e^{a m}^a^terⁱ^{al co}ⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^tioⁿ^to^su^ch^p^r^o^g^r^a^m^o^r
^activ^ity^{; o}^r
⁽^B⁾^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^su^ch^item^w^o^u^l^d^o^t^h^e^r^w^{ise co}ⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^{e m}^ilitar^y^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^a
^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^so^{as to}^uⁿ^d^er^mⁱⁿ^e^r^e^gⁱ^oⁿ^{al stab}^ility^o^r^o^t^h^e^r^w^{ise p}^r^o^v^{e d}^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^l
^secu^r^ity^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States, a NA}^T^O^ally^{, o}^r^m^a^j^o^rⁿ^oⁿ^-^NA^T^O^ally^.
⁽³⁾^DEFI^NI^T^I^ON-^Fo^r^p^u^r^p^o^s^{es o}^f^th^{is su}^b^s^ectioⁿ^,^an^`^a^d^h^er^en^{t to}^{a m}^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^t
^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^'^is-^-⁽^A⁾^{a co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^th^{at is a m}^e^m^b^er^o^f^{a m}^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^;
⁽^B⁾^{a co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^th^{at, p}^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^anⁱⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l u}ⁿ^d^er^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^to^w^h^ich^th^{e Un}^ited^{States is a}
^p^a^rty^,^coⁿ^t^ro^{ls ex}^p^o^r^{ts in}^acco^rd^an^{ce w}^ith^relev^aⁿ^t^{criteria an}^d^stan^d^a^rd^{s o}^f^{a m}^u^ltilateral
^ex^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^{; o}^r
⁽^C⁾^{a m}^a^j^o^rⁿ^oⁿ^-^NA^T^O^ally^th^{at, p}^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^{its n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l leg}ⁱ^slatioⁿ^,^coⁿ^t^r^o^{ls ex}^p^o^r^{ts in}
^accordan^{ce w}^ith^s^u^ch^{criteria an}^{d s}^t^an^dards^.^”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 201(d) En}^h^aⁿ^{ced C}^oⁿ^t^rol^-^T^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^au^t^h^ori^zes^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^t^oⁱ^m^pos^{e con}^t^rol^s^on^anⁱ^t^e^m^t^h^at^m^a^y^{be s}^u^bj^ect^t^o^dec^on^t^r^ol^uⁿ^d^er
^{Sec. 204 (In}^{corporated P}^a^rts^an^{d C}^o^m^pon^en^ts^{) or Sec 211 (Foreig}ⁿ^A^v^ailability^an^{d Mas}^s^Mark^{et Determ}ⁱⁿ^ation⁾^{. T}^h^{e Hou}^s^{e an}^{d Sen}^ate
^ve^r^sⁱ^o^{ns e}^m^p^l^o^y^a^dⁱ^ffe^r^e^nt^t^h^r^e^sho^l^d^fo^r^d^e^t^e^r^mⁱⁿⁱ^{ng w}^h^e^t^he^r^aⁿⁱ^t^e^m^c^o^ul^d^b^e^c^o^nt^r^o^l^l^e^d^und^e^r^t^hⁱ^s^p^r^o^vⁱ^sⁱ^o^n.^T^h^e^H^o^use^ve^r^sⁱ^on^al^s^o
^au^th^o^r^{izes th}^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t to}^ad^d^item^s^to^th^{e NSCL}^an^d^allo^w^s^hⁱ^m^to^r^e^q^u^ir^{e a licen}^{se f}^o^r^item^s^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^.
^(d^{) “}^E^NHA^NC^{ED C}^ONT^R^O^L^S^-^(d^{) “}^E^NHA^NC^{ED C}^ONT^R^O^L^-
^{IN GENER}^A^L^-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r⁽¹⁾^I^N^GENERA^L^-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is title, th}^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t m}^a^y
^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{is title, th}^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t m}^a^y^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^{e t}^h^at^appl^yⁱⁿ^g^t^h^{e prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{204 or 211 w}ⁱ^t^h^res^p^ect^t^o^anⁱ^t^e^m^on^t^h^e
^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{e th}^{at ap}^p^l^yⁱⁿ^g^th^{e p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^Natioⁿ^a^{l Secu}^r^ity^Coⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^{st co}^u^l^d^coⁿ^s^titu^{te a th}^r^{eat to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited
^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{204 or 211 w}ⁱ^t^h^res^p^ect^t^o^anⁱ^t^e^m^States^an^{d th}^{at s}^u^ch^item^requ^ires^en^h^aⁿ^{ced con}^t^{rol, in}^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^th^{e requ}^irem^en^{t f}^o^{r a licen}^s^e
^oⁿ^th^{e Natio}ⁿ^a^{l Secu}^r^ity^Coⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^{st w}^o^u^l^d^f^o^r^su^ch^item^.^I^f^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es th}^{at en}^h^aⁿ^ced^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l sh}^o^u^ld^ap^p^l^y^to^su^ch^item^,
^coⁿ^s^titu^{te a sig}ⁿⁱ^fⁱ^can^{t th}^r^{eat to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^l^th^{e item}^m^a^y^{be ex}^clu^d^{ed f}^r^om^th^{e prov}^is^ion^s^of^s^ection^s^{204 or 211, or both}^,^uⁿ^{til s}^u^ch
^s^ecu^rity^of^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^an^{d th}^{at s}^u^ch^tim^{e as th}^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es th}^{at en}^h^aⁿ^ced^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l sh}^o^u^ldⁿ^o^loⁿ^g^e^r^ap^p^l^y^to^su^ch^item^.
^item^r^e^q^u^ir^{es en}^h^aⁿ^ced^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l. I}^f^th^e⁽²⁾^CONT^ROL^{OF I}^T^EMS-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is A}^c^{t, th}^{e P}^r^esid^en^t
^P^r^es^iden^{t determ}ⁱⁿ^es^th^{at en}^h^aⁿ^{ced con}^t^rol^m^a^y^id^en^tif^y^item^s^to^b^eⁱⁿ^clu^d^ed^oⁿ^th^{e Natio}ⁿ^a^{l Secu}^r^ity^Coⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^{st, an}^d^an^y^su^ch^item
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^sh^o^u^ld^ap^p^l^y^to^su^ch^item^,^th^{e item}^m^a^y^b^e^sh^{all b}^eⁱⁿ^clu^d^ed^oⁿ^th^{at list.}
^g/w^ex^cl^u^d^{ed f}^r^om^t^h^{e prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^204,⁽³^{) NONDEL}^E^GA^T^I^ON-^T^h^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t m}^a^yⁿ^o^{t d}^e^leg^a^{te th}^{e au}^th^o^r^ity^p^r^o^v^id^ed^uⁿ^d^er
^s^.or^s^ection^{211, or both}^,^uⁿ^{til s}^u^ch^tim^{e as}^th^e^parag^r^aph^s^{(1) an}^{d (2).}
^le^ak^P^r^es^iden^{t s}^h^{all determ}ⁱⁿ^{e th}^{at s}^u^ch^en^h^aⁿ^ced⁽⁴^{) R}^E^P^O^R^T^T^O^C^ONGR^ESS-^T^h^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all p}^r^o^m^p^tly^rep^o^r^{t an}^y^d^e^termⁱⁿ^atioⁿ
^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l sh}^o^u^ldⁿ^o^loⁿ^g^e^r^ap^p^l^y^to^su^ch^item^.^d^e^scrⁱ^b^e^dⁱⁿ^p^a^r^a^g^r^ap^h⁽¹⁾^o^r^an^y^item^sⁱⁿ^clu^d^ed^oⁿ^th^{e Natio}ⁿ^a^{l Secu}^r^ity^Coⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^{st u}ⁿ^d^er
^://wiki^T^h^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t m}^a^yⁿ^o^{t d}^e^leg^a^{te th}^{e au}^th^o^r^ity^parag^r^aph^{(2), alon}^g^w^ith^th^{e s}^p^ecifⁱ^{c reas}^on^s^f^o^r^th^{at d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^o^rⁱⁿ^clu^s^ioⁿ⁽^a^{s th}^{e case}
^h^ttp^p^r^o^v^id^ed^f^o^rⁱⁿ^th^{is su}^b^s^ectioⁿ^.^m^a^y^b^e⁾^,^to^th^{e Co}^m^m^{ittee o}ⁿ^Iⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l Relatio}ⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e Ho}^u^s^{e o}^f^Rep^r^esen^tativ^{es an}^d
⁽²^{) R}^E^P^O^R^T^T^O^C^ONGR^ESS-^T^h^e^t^h^e^Co^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^oⁿ^B^a^nki^ng,^H^o^usi^ng,^aⁿ^d^U^r^b^a^{n A}^ffaⁱ^r^{s o}^f^t^h^e^Se^na^t^e^.^”

^P^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all p}^r^o^m^p^tly^r^e^p^o^r^{t an}^y
^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^atⁱ^oⁿ^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^parag^r^aph^(1),
^alon^g^w^ith^th^{e s}^p^ecifⁱ^{c reas}^on^s^f^o^{r th}^e
^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^,^to^th^{e Co}^m^m^{ittee o}ⁿ
^B^a^nki^ng,^H^o^usi^ng,^aⁿ^d^U^r^b^a^{n A}^ffaⁱ^r^{s o}^f^t^h^e
^Sen^a^{te an}^d^th^{e Co}^m^m^{ittee o}ⁿ^Iⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^l
^Relatioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e Ho}^u^s^{e o}^f^Rep^r^esen^tativ^es.”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^P^r^e^s^um^p^tⁱ^o^{n o}^f^D^eⁿⁱ^a^l^oⁿ^Ce^r^t^aⁱ^{n Li}^c^eⁿ^se^{s - T}^h^e^H^o^use^ve^r^sⁱ^o^ns^o^f^th^{e leg}ⁱ^slatioⁿ^m^aⁿ^d^{ate th}^{at th}^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^cer^tain^item^s^r^e^q^u^irⁱⁿ^g^a
^licen^s^e^carry^{a pres}^u^m^ption^of^denⁱ^{al .T}^h^e^Hou^s^{e v}^e^rs^ion^s^di^f^f^e^r^oⁿ^th^{e th}^r^e^sh^o^l^d^f^o^r^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿⁱⁿ^g^th^{e th}^r^{eat o}^f^an^item^.
^N^o^C^o^rres^pon^diⁿ^g^Provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 201(e) R}^e^quⁱ^r^es^{a pres}^u^m^ptⁱ^oⁿ^of^S^{ec. 201(e) R}^e^quⁱ^r^es^{a pres}^u^m^ptⁱ^oⁿ^of
^d^eⁿⁱ^{al f}^o^r^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^an^y^item^r^e^q^u^irⁱⁿ^g^a^d^eⁿⁱ^{al f}^o^r^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^an^y^item^r^e^q^u^irⁱⁿ^g^a
^licen^s^e^on^th^{e NSC}^L^if^th^{ere is}^{a s}ⁱ^gⁿⁱ^fⁱ^can^t^licen^s^e^on^th^{e NSC}^L^if^th^{ere is}^{a s}ⁱ^gⁿⁱ^fⁱ^can^t
^ri^s^k^t^h^at^-^ri^s^k^t^h^at^-
^“⁽^A⁾^su^ch^item^w^o^u^l^d^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^e^“⁽^A⁾^su^ch^item^co^u^l^d^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^e
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}ⁿ^u^c^{lear, ch}^em^{ical, or}^bi^ol^ogⁱ^cal^w^eapon^sⁿ^u^c^{lear, ch}^em^{ical, or}^bi^ol^ogⁱ^cal^w^eapon^s
^g/w^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^su^ch^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^{, o}^r^th^e^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^su^ch^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^{, o}^r^th^e
^s^.or^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^su^ch^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^to^d^e^liv^er^su^ch^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^su^ch^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^to^d^e^liv^er^su^ch
^le^ak^w^eapon^s^;^w^eapon^s^;
⁽^B⁾^su^ch^item^w^o^u^l^d^o^t^h^e^r^w^{ise co}ⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}⁽^B⁾^su^ch^item^co^u^l^d^o^t^h^e^r^w^{ise co}ⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}
^://wiki^th^{e m}^ilitar^y^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^su^ch^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^so^th^{e m}^ilitar^y^cap^ab^{ilities o}^f^su^ch^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^so
^h^ttp^{as to}^uⁿ^d^er^mⁱⁿ^e^r^e^gⁱ^oⁿ^{al stab}^ility^o^r^{as to}^uⁿ^d^er^mⁱⁿ^e^r^e^gⁱ^oⁿ^{al stab}^ility^o^r
^o^t^h^e^r^w^{ise p}^r^o^v^{e d}^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^l^o^t^h^e^r^w^{ise p}^r^o^v^{e d}^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^l
^s^ecu^rity^of^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^{, a NA}^T^O^ally^,^s^ecu^rity^of^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^{, a NA}^T^O^ally^,
^o^r^m^a^j^o^r^no^n-N^A^T^O^a^l^l^y^;^o^r^m^a^j^o^r^no^n-N^A^T^O^a^l^l^y^;
⁽^C⁾^su^ch^item^w^o^u^l^d^lik^ely^b^e^u^s^ed^o^r^(C^{) s}^u^ch^item^cou^l^{d lik}^ely^{be u}^s^{ed or}
^dⁱ^v^e^r^t^ed^to^{a u}^s^{e o}^r^d^e^stin^atioⁿⁿ^o^t^dⁱ^v^e^r^t^ed^to^{a u}^s^{e o}^r^d^e^stin^atioⁿⁿ^o^t
^au^th^{orized by}^th^{e licen}^s^e^{or U.S. policy}^;^au^th^{orized by}^th^{e licen}^s^e^{or U.S. policy}^;
^(D^{) t}^h^{e ex}^port^of^s^u^chⁱ^t^e^m^w^o^u^l^{d ot}^h^e^rwⁱ^s^e^(D^{) t}^h^{e ex}^port^of^s^u^chⁱ^t^e^m^cou^l^{d ot}^h^e^rwⁱ^s^e
^m^a^terially^an^{d adv}^e^rs^ely^af^f^{ect th}^{e n}^a^tion^a^l^m^a^terially^an^{d adv}^e^rs^ely^af^f^{ect th}^{e n}^a^tion^a^l
^secu^r^ityⁱⁿ^ter^e^{sts o}^f^th^{e Un}^ited^States.”^secu^r^ityⁱⁿ^ter^e^{sts o}^f^th^{e Un}^ited^States.”
^S^{ec. 202 N}^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^S^ecu^ri^t^y^C^oⁿ^t^rol^Lⁱ^s^t^-^T^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^di^rect^s^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^t^o^m^aⁱⁿ^t^aⁱⁿ^{a N}^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^S^ecu^ri^t^y^C^oⁿ^t^rol^Lⁱ^s^t^(N^S^C^L⁾^com^pos^ed
^ofⁱ^t^e^m^s^con^t^rol^l^e^{d f}^o^{r n}^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^s^ecu^ri^t^y^pu^rpos^es^as^{a s}^u^bs^et^of^t^h^{e C}^o^m^m^e^{rce C}^oⁿ^t^rol^Lⁱ^s^t^{. S}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{202(3)(a) prov}ⁱ^d^es^f^o^{r i}^d^eⁿ^tif^icatioⁿ^o^f
^item^s^oⁿ^th^{e NSCL}^{. T}^h^{e HA}^{SC v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^also^p^r^o^v^id^{es statu}^t^o^r^y^au^th^o^r^ity^f^o^r^th^{e m}^aⁱⁿ^ten^aⁿ^{ce o}^f^th^{e Militar}^ily^Cr^{itical T}^echⁿ^o^lo^gⁱ^es^Lⁱ^s^tⁱⁿ
^S^{ec. 202(a)(4)}

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 202(a)(3) “}^Iden^tⁱ^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^ofⁱ^t^e^m^s^f^o^r^S^{ec. 202(a)(3) “}^I^den^tⁱ^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^ofⁱ^t^e^m^s^f^o^{r t}^h^{e N}^S^C^L^s^h^al^l^{be m}^a^{de by}^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^,^wⁱ^t^h
^th^{e NSC}^L^s^h^{all be m}^a^{de by}^th^{e Secretary}^,^th^{e con}^c^u^r^ren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, th}^{e Secretary}^of^{State, an}^{d in}^con^s^u^ltation^w^ith
^w^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^r^ren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^oth^e^{r departm}^eⁿ^t^s^{or ag}^en^cies^th^at^th^{e Secretary}^con^s^iders^{appropriate.”}
^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, an}^dⁱⁿ^coⁿ^s^u^ltatioⁿ^w^ith^o^t^h^e^r^-^NSCLⁱⁿ^clu^d^{es all item}^s^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^b^y^th^{e cu}^r^r^eⁿ^t^Co^m^m^e^r^{ce Co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^st.
^departm^eⁿ^t^s^{or ag}^en^cies^th^{at th}^{e Secretary}^-^th^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all rev}ⁱ^ew^th^{e NSC}^L^on^{a con}^tin^uⁱⁿ^g^basⁱ^s^,^an^{d w}^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^e
^con^sⁱ^d^ers^appropri^a^t^e^.”^Secretary^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^Stat^{e, an}^dⁱⁿ^coⁿ^s^u^ltatioⁿ^w^ith^o^t^h^e^r^d^e^p^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^s
^-^NSCLⁱⁿ^clu^d^{es all item}^s^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^oⁿ^th^e^{or ag}^en^cies^th^{at th}^{e Secretary}^con^s^iders^a^ppropri^a^t^e^{, adj}^u^s^t^t^h^{e N}^S^C^L^t^o^{add or rem}^o^v^e
^cu^rren^{t C}^o^m^m^e^{rce C}^oⁿ^t^{rol L}ⁱ^s^t^.^item^s^f^r^o^m^th^{e list.}
^-^th^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all rev}ⁱ^ew^th^{e NSC}^L^on^a
^c^o^ntⁱ^nui^{ng b}^a^si^s,^aⁿ^d^wⁱ^t^h^t^h^e^c^o^nc^ur^r^e^nc^e
^of^th^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, an}^{d in}
^coⁿ^s^u^ltatioⁿ^w^ith^o^t^h^e^r^d^e^p^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^{s o}^r
^ag^en^cies^th^{at th}^{e Secretary}^con^s^iders
^appropri^a^t^e^{, adj}^u^s^t^t^h^{e N}^S^C^L^t^o^{add or}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^r^e^m^o^v^e^item^s^f^r^o^m^th^{e list.}
^g/w^{No com}^p^{arable prov}^is^ion^N^{o com}^p^{arable prov}^is^ion^S^ec^{202(a)(4) Militarily}^C^r^itical
^s^.or^T^e^c^hno^l^o^gi^e^s^Li^st⁽^M^CT^L)^-
^le^ak^(A^{) Es}^t^a^blⁱ^s^h^e^{d as}^part^of^t^h^{e N}^S^C^L^.
^(B^{) com}^pos^{ed of}^item^s^th^{at are, or cou}^l^{d be,}
^://wiki^“^c^r^{itical to}^th^{e Un}^ited^{States m}^ilitar^y
^h^ttp^m^aⁱⁿ^tainⁱⁿ^g^o^r^ad^v^aⁿ^cⁱⁿ^g^{its q}^u^alitativ^e
^adv^aⁿ^t^ag^{e an}^{d s}^u^periority^relativ^{e to oth}^e^r
^couⁿ^t^ries^{or poten}^{tial adv}^e^rs^aries^.^”
^(C^{) Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e v}^e^s^t^{ed w}^ith^s^o^le
^au^th^o^r^ity^to^ad^d^o^r^r^e^m^o^v^e^an^y^item^f^r^o^m
^MC^T^L^.
^{(D) L}ⁱ^cen^sⁱⁿ^g^of^MC^T^L^item^s^m^u^s^t^receiv^e
^ex^pres^s^e^{d con}^s^en^{t of}^th^{e Secretary}^of
^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, ex}^{cept if}^ov^erru^{led by}^th^e
^P^r^esid^en^{t in}ⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^dⁱ^sp^u^t^{e r}^e^so^lu^tioⁿ
^procedu^r^es^.
^(D)Secretary^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e s}^h^{all report y}^early
^{to th}^{e Sen}^a^{te an}^{d Hou}^s^{e A}^r^m^e^{d Serv}^ices
^Co^m^m^{ittee o}ⁿ^th^{e MCT}^L^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 203 C}^o^uⁿ^t^ry^Tⁱ^ers^-^Directs^th^{e P}^r^es^iden^{t to es}^tablis^h^{a co}^uⁿ^t^ry^tierin^g^s^y^s^t^em^of^{at leas}^{t 3 tiers}^an^{d as}^sⁱ^gⁿ^each^couⁿ^t^r^{y t}^o^aⁿ
^{appropriate tier f}^o^{r each}^con^t^{rolled item}^{or g}^r^ou^{p of}^item^s^{; prov}^id^es^f^o^{r con}^s^u^ltation^betw^een^th^e^P^r^es^iden^{t, th}^{e Secretary}^,^Se^cDef^{, SecState,}
^the^inte^lligeⁿ^c^e^c^o^m^m^unity^,^aⁿ^d^o^t^he^r^a^g^eⁿ^cⁱ^e^s^the^P^r^e^s^id^eⁿ^{t c}^o^nsid^e^r^{s a}^p^p^r^o^p^r^ia^te^.^T^h^e^HA^{SC ve}^r^s^io^{n c}^o^ntaⁱ^{ns la}^ngua^ge^p^r^o^h^ib^itⁱ^{ng t}^h^e
^P^r^esid^en^{t f}^r^o^m^d^e^leg^a^tin^g^au^th^o^r^ity^to^estab^lish^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^tier^sy^stem^.
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^N^{o com}^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec 203(a)(4) T}^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^m^a^yⁿ^o^t
^d^e^leg^a^{te th}^{e au}^th^o^r^{ities to}^estab^lish^th^e
^c^o^untr^y^tie^r^sy^ste^m^.
^S^ection^{203(c) A}^s^s^e^s^s^m^en^ts^T^h^is^s^ection^prov^ides^s^e^v^e^{ral ris}^k^f^actors^f^o^{r th}^{e P}^r^es^iden^{t to co}ⁿ^s^{ider in}^as^sⁱ^gⁿⁱⁿ^g^each^couⁿ^t^ry^to^{a tier}^.^T^h^e
^H^o^u^s^{e v}^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^s^m^odi^f^y^t^w^{o ri}^s^k^f^act^ors^an^{d add a t}^hⁱ^r^{d. A}^l^l^{11 are l}ⁱ^s^t^e^{d f}^o^{r con}^t^ex^t^.
⁽¹⁾^“^T^h^e^p^r^esen^{t an}^d^p^o^t^en^{tial r}^e^latioⁿ^s^hⁱ^p^o^f^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^w^ith^th^{e Un}^ited^States.”
⁽²⁾^“^T^h^{e p}^r^esen^{t an}^d^p^o^t^en^{tial r}^e^latioⁿ^s^hⁱ^p^o^f^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^w^ith^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es f}^r^ien^d^ly^to^th^{e Un}^ited^{States, an}^d^w^ith^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es h}^o^{stile to}^th^e
^Un^{ited States}^.”
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}³⁾^“^T^h^e^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^’^s^cap^ab^{ilities r}^e^g^a^r^dⁱⁿ^g³⁾^“^T^h^e^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^’^s^g^o^{als, cap}^ab^{ilities, an}^dⁱⁿ^ten^tioⁿ^s^r^e^g^a^r^dⁱⁿ^g^ch^em^{ical, b}ⁱ^o^l^o^g^{ical, an}^d
^g/w^ch^em^{ical, biolog}^ical,^an^{d n}^u^c^{lear w}^eapon^sⁿ^u^c^{lear w}^eapon^s^an^{d th}^{e cou}ⁿ^t^ry^’^s^m^e^m^b^ers^h^ipⁱⁿ^o^r^ad^h^e^r^eⁿ^{ce to}^{, an}^d^lev^e^{l o}^f^co^m^p^lian^c^e
^s^.or^an^{d th}^{e cou}ⁿ^t^ry^’^s^m^e^m^b^ers^h^{ip in}^{, an}^{d lev}^e^l^w^ith^{, r}^e^lev^aⁿ^t^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^s.”
^le^ak^o^f^co^m^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^{, r}^e^lev^aⁿ^t^m^u^ltilater^a^l^ex^{port con}^t^{rol reg}ⁱ^m^e^s^.^”⁴⁾^“^T^h^e^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^’^s^cap^ab^{ilities r}^e^g^a^r^dⁱⁿ^g^mⁱ^{ssile sy}^stem^{s an}^d^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^’^s^m^e^m^b^er^sh^ipⁱⁿ^o^r^ad^h^e^r^eⁿ^{ce to}^{, an}^d^lev^e^{l o}^f^co^m^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^{, r}^e^lev^aⁿ^t^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^”
^://wiki⁴⁾^“^T^h^e^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^’^s^cap^ab^{ilities r}^e^g^a^r^dⁱⁿ^g^mⁱ^ssile^sy^ste^m^{s a}ⁿ^d^the^c^o^untr^y^’s
^h^ttp^m^e^m^b^er^sh^ipⁱⁿ^{, an}^d^lev^e^{l o}^f^co^m^p^lian^c^e
^w^ith^{, r}^e^lev^aⁿ^t^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^l
^regⁱ^m^e^s^.^”
⁽⁵⁾^“^W^h^e^th^er^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^{, if}^{a NA}^T^O^o^r^m^a^j^o^rⁿ^oⁿ^-^NA^T^O^ally^w^ith^w^h^om^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^h^a^s^en^{tered in}^{to a f}^r^{ee trade ag}^reem^en^t^as^of
^J^aⁿ^u^a^ry^{1, 1986, con}^t^rols^ex^portsⁱⁿ^accordan^{ce w}^ith^th^{e criteri}^{a an}^{d s}^t^an^dards^of^{a m}^u^{ltilateral ex}^{port con}^t^{rol reg}ⁱ^m^e^as^defⁱⁿ^e^dⁱⁿ^sectioⁿ
²⁽¹⁴⁾^p^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^anⁱⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l ag}^r^eem^en^{t to}^w^h^ich^th^{e Un}^ited^{States is a p}^a^r^t^y^.^”
⁽⁶⁾^“^T^h^e^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^'^s^o^t^h^e^r^m^ilitar^y^cap^ab^{ilities an}^d^th^{e p}^o^t^en^{tial th}^r^{eat p}^o^s^ed^b^y^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^to^th^{e Un}^ited^{States o}^r^{its allies}^.”
^{(7) “}^T^h^e^ef^f^ectiv^en^es^s^of^th^{e cou}ⁿ^t^ry^'^s^ex^{port con}^t^{rol s}^y^s^t^em^.”
^{(8) “}^T^h^e^l^e^v^e^l^of^t^h^{e cou}ⁿ^t^ry^'^s^cooperatⁱ^oⁿ^wⁱ^t^h^Uⁿⁱ^t^e^{d S}^t^at^es^ex^port^con^t^rol^en^f^o^rcem^en^t^an^{d ot}^h^e^{r ef}^f^o^rt^s^.^”
⁽⁹⁾^“T^he^rⁱ^{sk o}^f^e^x^p^o^r^t^dⁱ^ve^r^sⁱ^o^{n b}^y^t^h^e^c^o^unt^r^y^t^o^a^hi^ghe^r^tⁱ^e^r^c^o^unt^r^y^.^”
^{(10) “}^T^h^e^desⁱ^gⁿ^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^{e cou}ⁿ^t^ry^as^{a cou}ⁿ^t^ry^s^u^pportⁱⁿ^gⁱⁿ^t^e^rn^atⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^t^e^rrori^s^m^uⁿ^d^{er s}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^310.”
⁽¹¹⁾^“^T^h^e^ex^ten^t^to^w^h^ich^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^{, p}^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^{its law}^s^{, r}^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^{, an}^d^p^r^actices,
^coⁿ^t^r^o^{ls item}^s^coⁿ^s^isten^t^w^ith^th^{e cr}^iterⁱ^{a an}^d^stan^d^a^r^d^{s o}^r^r^e^lev^aⁿ^t^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^t
^c^o^nt^r^o^l^r^e^gi^m^e^s.^”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{206 C}^oⁿ^g^r^es^sⁱ^on^al^R^e^vⁱ^ew^an^d
^R^e^{port (a) directs}^th^{e Secretary}^{to in}^f^o^rm
^th^{e ap}^p^r^o^p^r^{iate co}^m^m^{ittees (}^H^o^u^{se A}^r^m^e^d
^Ser^v^{ices an}^d^Iⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l Relatio}ⁿ^s^{; Sen}^a^te
^B^a^nki^ng,^H^o^usi^{ng a}ⁿ^d^U^r^b^a^{n A}^ffaⁱ^r^s,
^A^r^m^e^d^Ser^v^{ices an}^d^Fo^r^e^igⁿ^Relatioⁿ^s⁾^at
^leas^{t 30 day}^s^bef^o^{re ch}^an^gⁱⁿ^g^th^{e s}^t^atu^s^of
^anⁱ^t^e^m^on^t^h^{e N}^S^C^L^{. (b) U}^pon^requ^es^t^of
^th^{e ch}^airm^an^{or ran}^kⁱⁿ^g^m^e^m^b^{er of}^th^e
^com^m^ittees^{, directs}^th^e^Secretary^{to prov}^ide
^{a cl}^{ear des}^c^ri^ptⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^{e propos}^{ed ch}^an^g^e^,
^th^{e reas}^on^s^j^u^s^tif^yⁱⁿ^g^th^{e ch}^an^g^e^{, an}^{d th}^e
ⁿ^a^tion^a^{l s}^ecu^rity^as^s^e^s^s^m^en^{t of}^th^{e Secretary}
^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e. (c) T}^h^is^as^s^e^s^s^m^en^{t, prepared in}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^con^s^u^ltation^w^ith^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State an}^d^Dir^ecto^r^o^f^Cen^t^r^a^{l I}ⁿ^tellig^en^{ce (}^D^CI⁾^,^sh^all
^g/w^report^on^t^h^{e i}^m^pact^of^t^h^{e propos}^{ed ch}^an^g^e
^s^.or^oⁿ^{U.S. n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^{, its ar}^m^e^d^f^o^r^ces
^le^ak^an^dⁱⁿ^tellig^en^{ce co}^m^m^uⁿ^ity^{, an}^d^th^e
^cu^m^u^lativ^{e ef}^f^ects^s^u^ch^decon^t^rols^cou^l^d
^://wiki^h^a^v^e^oⁿ^{U.S n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^{, an}^d^oⁿ^th^e
^h^ttp^m^ilitar^y^p^o^t^en^{tial, p}^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^activ^ities,
^an^{d s}^u^pport^f^o^{r i}ⁿ^t^e^rn^atⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^t^e^rrori^s^m^by
^couⁿ^t^ries^th^{at m}^a^y^receiv^e^th^{e item}^s^du^{e to}
^decon^t^rol.
^{Sec. 211 Determ}ⁱⁿ^ation^of^Foreigⁿ^A^v^ailability^an^{d Mas}^s^Mark^{et Statu}^s
^{Sec 211(a) B}^o^th^v^e^rs^ion^s^of^th^is^s^ection^di^rects^th^{e Secretary}^{to rev}ⁱ^ew^th^{e m}^a^s^s^m^a^rk^{et an}^{d f}^o^reigⁿ^av^ailability^s^t^atu^s^of^an^y^item^oⁿ^th^e
^NSCL^{. T}^h^{e Sen}^a^{te an}^d^th^{e HI}^{RC v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^also^allo^w^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^to^m^a^k^e^statu^s^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^s^{, h}^o^w^e^v^e^r^th^{e HA}^{SC v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^r^e^m^o^v^e^s^th^e
^ab^ility^o^f^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^so^{le au}^th^o^r^ity^to^m^a^k^e^su^ch^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^s^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 211(a) “}^I^N^G^E^N^E^R^A^L^-^T^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^s^h^al^l^-^-^S^{ec. 211(a) “}^I^N^G^E^N^E^R^A^L^-^T^h^{e S}^ecret^ary
⁽¹⁾^oⁿ^a^c^o^ntⁱ^nui^{ng b}^a^si^s,^sh^all-^-
^{(2) u}^pon^{a requ}^es^{t f}^r^om^th^{e Of}^fⁱ^{ce of}^T^echⁿ^o^log^y^Ev^alu^a^tion^,^or⁽¹⁾^oⁿ^a^c^o^ntⁱ^nui^{ng b}^a^si^s,
⁽³^{) u}^p^oⁿ^receip^t^o^f^{a p}^e^titioⁿ^f^iled^b^y^anⁱⁿ^terested^p^e^rsoⁿ^{, rev}ⁱ^ew^an^d^d^e^termⁱⁿ^{e th}^{e f}^o^reigⁿ^{(2) u}^pon^{a requ}^es^{t f}^r^om^th^{e Of}^fⁱ^{ce of}
^av^ailab^ility^an^d^th^{e m}^a^ss-^m^a^r^k^{et statu}^s^o^f^an^y^item^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^w^h^ich^{is co}ⁿ^t^r^o^lled^uⁿ^d^er^T^e^c^hno^l^o^gy^E^v^a^l^ua^tⁱ^o^{n e}^s^t^a^b^lⁱ^s^he^d^p^u^r^s^ua^nt
^th^{is title.”}^t^o^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{214, or}
⁽³^{) u}^p^oⁿ^receip^t^o^f^{a p}^e^titioⁿ^f^iled^b^y^an
ⁱⁿ^t^e^res^t^{ed pers}^on^{, rev}ⁱ^ew^t^h^{e f}^o^rei^gⁿ
^av^ailab^ility^an^d^th^{e m}^a^ss-^m^a^r^k^{et statu}^s^o^f
^an^y^item^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^w^h^ich^{is co}ⁿ^t^r^o^lled
^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is title.”}
^P^e^titioⁿ^s^an^d^Coⁿ^s^u^ltatioⁿ^s^-^T^h^{e HA}^{SC v}^e^rsioⁿ^m^aⁿ^d^{ates th}^{at f}^o^re^igⁿ^av^ailab^ility^an^d^m^a^{ss m}^a^rk^{et d}^e^termⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^s^m^u^{st b}^e^receiv^e^th^e
^con^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^St^{ate an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^N^o^C^o^m^p^arabl^e^Provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 211(b)(2) “}^T^{IME F}^O^R^MA^K^I^N^G
^g/w^DET^E^R^M^INA^T^{ION T}^h^{e Secretary}^,^w^ith^th^e
^s^.or^con^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^d
^le^ak^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State, s}^h^{all, w}^ithⁱⁿ^{6 m}^oⁿ^t^h^s
^af^{ter receiv}ⁱⁿ^g^{a p}^e^titioⁿ^d^e^scrib^e^dⁱⁿ
^://wiki^s^u^bs^ection^{(a)(3), determ}ⁱⁿ^{e in}^accordan^ce
^h^ttp^w^ith^su^b^s^ectioⁿ⁽^c⁾^w^h^eth^e^r^th^{e item}^th^{at is}^th^{e su}^b^j^{ect o}^f^th^{e p}^e^titioⁿ^h^a^{s f}^o^r^e^igⁿ
^av^ailab^ility^o^r^m^a^ss-^m^a^r^k^{et statu}^s^an^d^sh^all
ⁿ^o^tif^y^th^{e p}^e^titioⁿ^e^r^o^f^th^{e d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^.^”
^{Sec. 211(d) C}^r^{iteria f}^o^{r es}^tablis^hⁱⁿ^g^m^a^s^s^-^m^a^rk^{et an}^{d f}^o^reigⁿ^av^a^ilability^s^t^atu^s^{. T}^h^es^{e criteria def}ⁱⁿ^e^m^a^s^s^m^a^rk^{et an}^{d f}^o^rei^gⁿ^av^ailab^ility
^f^o^{r each}^v^e^rs^ion^of^th^{e bill. T}^h^{e HA}^SC^v^e^rs^ion^g^eⁿ^e^rally^adopts^{a m}^o^{re res}^t^rictiv^{e def}ⁱⁿ^ition^of^m^a^s^s^m^a^rk^{et an}^{d f}^o^reigⁿ^av^aila^b^ility^{, in}^p^a^r^t^,
^b^y^r^e^m^o^vⁱⁿ^g^r^e^f^e^r^eⁿ^{ces to}^“^s^u^b^stan^tially^id^en^{tical” o}^r^“^d^ir^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e” item}^s^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 211(d)(1) “}^F^O^R^EIG^N^A^V^A^I^L^A^BIL^I^T^Y^S^T^A^T^U^S^-^T^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^s^h^al^l^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^{e t}^h^at^S^{ec. 211(d)(1) “}^F^O^R^EIG^N
^an^item^h^a^{s f}^o^r^e^igⁿ^av^ailab^ility^statu^s^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is su}^b^{title, if}^th^{e item}⁽^o^r^{a su}^b^s^tan^tially^AV^AI^LAB^I^LI^T^Y^S^T^AT^U^S^{- An}ⁱ^t^e^m^h^a^s
^id^en^{tical o}^r^dⁱ^r^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e item}⁾^-^-^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^av^ailab^ility^statu^s^uⁿ^d^er^th^{is su}^b^title
^(A^{) is}^av^{ailable to con}^t^{rolled cou}ⁿ^t^ries^f^r^om^s^o^u^r^ces^ou^ts^{ide th}^{e Un}^{ited States}^{, in}^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^oⁿ^ly^if^th^{e item}^-^-
^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es th}^{at p}^a^r^ticip^{ate w}^ith^th^{e Un}^ited^{States in}^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^ls;^(A^{) is}^av^{ailable to con}^t^{rolled cou}ⁿ^t^ries
^(B^{) can}^{be acqu}ⁱ^{red at a price th}^{at is}ⁿ^o^{t ex}^ce^s^sⁱ^v^e^w^h^en^com^p^{ared to th}^{e price at w}^h^ich^a^w^ith^o^u^{t r}^e^strⁱ^ctioⁿ^f^r^o^m^so^u^r^{ces o}^u^tsid^{e th}^e^Un^{ited States}^{, m}^o^{re th}^an^on^{e of}^w^h^ich^are
^con^t^{rolled cou}ⁿ^t^ry^cou^l^{d acqu}ⁱ^{re s}^u^ch^item^f^r^om^s^o^u^r^ces^w^ithⁱⁿ^th^{e Un}^{ited States}ⁱⁿ^th^e^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es th}^{at p}^a^r^ticip^{ate w}^ith^th^{e Un}^ited
^abs^eⁿ^{ce of}^ex^{port con}^t^rols^{; an}^d^{States in}^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^s
⁽^C⁾^{is av}^ailab^l^{e in}^su^f^fⁱ^cien^{t q}^u^an^tity^so^th^{at th}^{e r}^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{t o}^f^{a licen}^{se o}^r^o^t^h^e^r^as^m^e^m^b^ers^;^an^d
^au^th^o^r^izatioⁿ^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^su^ch^item^{is o}^r^w^o^u^l^d^b^eⁱⁿ^ef^f^ectiv^e.”⁽^B⁾^{is av}^ailab^l^{e in}^sigⁿⁱ^fⁱ^can^{t q}^u^an^tity^an^d
^co^m^p^ar^ab^{le q}^u^ality^to^th^{e item}^p^r^o^d^u^cedⁱⁿ
^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^s^o^th^{at th}^{e requ}^irem^en^{t of}
^{a licen}^s^e^{or oth}^e^{r au}^th^orization^w^ith^res^p^ect
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^to^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^th^{e item}^{is o}^r^w^o^u^l^d^b^e
^g/wⁱⁿ^ef^f^ectiv^e.”⁽ⁱⁱ⁾^EXCEP^T^I^ON-^Aⁿ^item^{is n}^o^{t d}ⁱ^r^ectly
^s^.or^co^m^p^etitiv^{e w}^ith^{a co}ⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^if^th^e
^le^ak^item^{is n}^o^{t o}^f^co^m^p^ar^ab^{le q}^u^ality^to^th^e
^://wiki^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^ch^ar^acter^{istics th}^{at r}^e^su^ltedⁱⁿ^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f
^h^ttp^th^{e item}^b^eⁱⁿ^g^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^.^”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec 211(d)(2) “}^M^A^S^S^-^MA^R^K^ET^S^T^A^T^U^S^S^{ec 211(d)(2) “}^M^A^S^S^-^MA^R^K^ET^S^T^A^T^U^S^-
⁽^A⁾^I^N^G^E^N^E^RA^{L- I}ⁿ^d^e^t^e^r^mⁱⁿⁱ^{ng w}^h^e^t^he^r^aⁿⁱ^t^e^m^ha^{s m}^a^ss-m^a^r^k^e^t^st^a^t^{us und}^e^r^t^hⁱ^s^Aⁿ^ite^m^ha^{s m}^a^ss-m^a^r^k^e^t^sta^t^{us und}^e^r^this^su^b^{title o}ⁿ^ly^if^th^{e f}^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^cr^iterⁱ^{a ar}^e
^su^b^{title, th}^{e Secr}^etar^y^sh^{all co}ⁿ^s^id^er^th^{e f}^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^cr^iterⁱ^{a w}^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^th^{e item}⁽^o^r^a^me^t^:
^su^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical o}^r^dⁱ^r^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e item}⁾^:
⁽ⁱ⁾^T^h^{e p}^r^o^d^u^ctioⁿ^an^d^av^ailab^ility^f^o^r^{sale in}^{a lar}^g^{e v}^o^lu^m^e^to^m^u^ltip^{le p}^o^t^en^tial⁽^A⁾^T^h^{e item}^{is p}^r^o^d^u^cedⁱⁿ^{a lar}^g^{e v}^o^lu^m^e^an^d^{is av}^ailab^l^{e f}^o^r^{sale to}^m^u^ltip^{le p}^o^t^en^tial
^pu^rch^a^s^e^rs^.^pu^rch^a^s^e^rs^.
⁽ⁱⁱ⁾^T^h^e^wⁱ^d^e^sp^r^e^a^d^dⁱ^st^rⁱ^b^u^tⁱ^o^{n t}^h^r^o^{ugh no}^r^m^a^l^c^o^m^m^e^r^cⁱ^a^l^c^h^a^nne^l^s^,^suc^h^a^s^r^e^t^aⁱ^l^st^o^r^e^s^,
^{direct m}^a^rk^etin^g^catalog^u^e^s^,^electroⁿⁱ^{c com}^m^e^{rce, an}^{d oth}^e^{r ch}^anⁿ^e^ls^.⁽^B⁾^T^h^{e item}^{is w}ⁱ^d^e^ly^dⁱ^strⁱ^b^u^ted^th^r^o^u^g^h
^{(iii) T}^h^{e co}ⁿ^d^u^c^iv^en^{ess to}^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^an^d^d^e^liv^ery^b^y^g^eⁿ^e^rally^accep^ted^co^m^m^e^{rcial m}^ean^sⁿ^o^rm^{al com}^m^e^{rcial ch}^anⁿ^e^ls^{, s}^u^ch^as^retail
^of^t^r^an^s^port^.^s^t^ores^{, direct m}^a^rk^etin^g^catalog^u^e^s^,
⁽ⁱ^v⁾^T^h^{e u}^s^{e f}^o^r^th^{e item}^'^{s n}^o^r^m^{al in}^ten^d^ed^p^u^r^p^o^s^{e w}^ith^o^u^{t su}^b^s^tan^{tial an}^d^sp^ecialized^electronⁱ^{c com}^m^e^{rce, an}^{d oth}^e^{r ch}^anⁿ^e^ls^.
^s^e^rvⁱ^{ce prov}ⁱ^d^{ed by}^t^h^{e m}^aⁿ^u^f^act^u^r^{er, di}^s^t^ri^bu^t^o^{r, or ot}^h^e^{r t}^hⁱ^r^{d part}^y^.⁽^C⁾^T^h^{e item}^{is co}ⁿ^d^u^c^iv^{e to}^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^an^d
^(B^{) DET}^E^R^M^INA^T^{ION B}^Y^SEC^R^ET^A^R^Y-^If^th^{e Secretary}^fⁱⁿ^d^s^th^{at th}^{e item}^{(or a}^deliv^ery^by^g^eⁿ^e^rally^{accepted com}^m^e^rcial^m^ean^s^of^tran^s^port.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^su^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical o}^r^dⁱ^r^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e item}⁾^m^{eets th}^{e cr}^iterⁱ^{a set f}^o^r^t^hⁱⁿ^s^u^bparag^r^aph^(A^{), th}^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all determ}ⁱⁿ^{e th}^{at th}^{e item}^h^a^s^m^a^s^s^-^m^a^rk^{et s}^t^atu^s^.^{(D) T}^h^{e item}^can^{be u}^s^{ed f}^o^{r its}ⁿ^o^rm^al
^g/wⁱⁿ^ten^d^ed^p^u^r^p^o^s^{e w}^ith^o^u^{t su}^b^s^tan^{tial an}^d
^s^.or⁽³⁾^SP^ECI^A^L^RUL^E^S-^Fo^r^p^u^r^p^o^s^{es o}^f^th^{is su}^b^title–^s^p^{ecialized s}^e^rv^{ice prov}^{ided by}^th^e
^le^ak⁽^A⁾^SUB^S^T^A^NT^I^A^L^L^Y^I^D^ENT^I^CA^L^I^T^EM-^T^h^{e d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^o^f^w^h^eth^e^r^an^itemⁱⁿ^m^aⁿ^u^f^act^u^r^{er, di}^s^t^ri^bu^t^o^{r, or ot}^h^e^{r t}^hⁱ^r^d
^://wiki^r^e^latioⁿ^to^an^o^t^h^e^r^item^{is a su}^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical item}^sh^{all in}^clu^d^{e a f}^a^ir^assessm^en^{t o}^f^en^d^-^u^s^{es, th}^{e p}^r^o^p^e^r^{ties, n}^a^tu^r^e^{, an}^d^q^u^ality^o^f^th^{e item}^.^part^y^.
^h^ttp^{(B) DIR}^E^C^T^L^Y^C^O^MP^ET^IT^{IVE IT}^EM-
⁽ⁱ⁾^I^N^GENERA^L^-^T^h^{e d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^o^f^w^h^eth^e^r^an^itemⁱⁿ^r^e^latioⁿ^to^an^o^t^h^e^r^item^{is a}
^dⁱ^r^e^c^tly^c^o^m^p^e^titive^ite^m^sha^{ll inc}^l^ud^e^a^fa^ir^a^sse^ssm^eⁿ^{t o}^f^w^h^e^t^he^r^the^ite^m^,^a^ltho^{ugh no}^t
^su^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical in}^{its in}^trⁱⁿ^{sic o}^rⁱⁿ^h^e^r^eⁿ^t^ch^ar^acter^{istics, is su}^b^s^tan^tially^eq^uⁱ^v^a^len^t
^f^o^r^co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial p}^u^r^p^o^s^{es an}^d^m^a^y^b^e^ad^ap^ted^f^o^r^su^b^s^tan^tially^th^{e sam}^e^u^s^es.
⁽ⁱⁱ⁾^EXCEP^T^I^ON-^Aⁿ^item^{is n}^o^{t d}ⁱ^r^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e w}^ith^{a co}ⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^if^th^{e item}^is
ⁿ^o^{t o}^f^co^m^p^ar^ab^{le q}^u^ality^to^th^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^ch^ar^acter^{istics th}^{at r}^e^su^lted
ⁱⁿ^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^th^{e item}^b^eⁱⁿ^g^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^.
^S^{ec. 214 O}^f^fⁱ^{ce of}^T^echⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^Ev^al^u^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^.^T^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^es^t^a^blⁱ^s^h^e^s^t^h^{e O}^f^fⁱ^{ce of}^T^echⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^Ev^al^u^a^tⁱ^oⁿⁱⁿ^t^h^{e D}^e^part^m^eⁿ^t^of^C^o^m^m^e^{rce to}
^m^a^k^e^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^av^ailab^ility^an^d^m^a^{ss m}^a^r^k^{et d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^s^{, m}^oⁿ^ito^r^w^o^r^l^d^w^id^{e tech}ⁿ^o^lo^gⁱ^{cal d}^e^v^e^lo^p^m^en^{ts an}^d^coⁿ^d^u^c^{t assessm}^en^{t o}^{f U}^.^S^.
^ex^port^con^t^rol^polⁱ^c^y^.^S^{ec. 214(b)(5) i}^s^s^lⁱ^g^h^t^l^y^di^f^f^e^ren^t^bet^w^een^t^h^{e S}^eⁿ^a^t^e^an^{d H}^o^u^s^{e v}^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^s^{. T}^h^{e H}^o^u^s^{e v}^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^rem^o^v^e^s^“ⁱ^m^port^s^of
^m^aⁿ^u^f^act^u^r^{ed g}^oods^as^an^as^s^e^s^s^m^en^t^t^o^{be con}^d^u^c^t^e^{d by}^t^h^{e O}^f^fⁱ^ce.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec. 214(b)(5) “}^c^on^du^ct^[s^{] as}^s^e^s^s^m^en^t^s^of^{Sec. 214(b)(5) “}^c^on^du^ct[s^{] as}^s^e^s^s^m^en^ts^of^Un^ite^{d States}ⁱⁿ^du^s^t^{rial s}^ectors^{critical to th}^e
^Un^{ited States}ⁱⁿ^du^s^t^{rial s}^ectors^{critical to th}^e^Un^{ited States}^def^eⁿ^s^{e in}^du^s^t^{rial bas}^e^an^{d h}^o^w^th^{e s}^ectors^{are af}^f^{ected by}^techⁿ^o^logⁱ^cal
^Un^{ited States}^def^eⁿ^s^{e in}^du^s^t^{rial bas}^e^an^d^d^e^v^e^lo^p^m^en^{ts, tech}ⁿ^o^lo^g^y^tr^an^sf^er^{s, an}^d^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^co^m^p^etitioⁿ^;^”
^h^o^w^th^{e s}^ectors^{are af}^f^{ected by}
^t^e^c^hno^l^o^gi^c^a^l^d^e^ve^l^o^p^m^eⁿ^t^s^,^t^e^c^hno^l^o^gy
^tr^an^sf^er^{s, an}^d^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^co^m^p^etitioⁿ^,ⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g
ⁱ^m^port^s^of^m^aⁿ^u^f^act^u^r^{ed g}^oods^.”
^EXP^O^R^T^{S OF HIGH P}^E^R^F^OR^MA^NC^{E C}^O^MP^UT^{ING T}^E^C^HNOL^{OGY -}^T^h^{is sectio}ⁿ^w^a^{s ad}^d^e^dⁱⁿ^th^{e HA}^SC^v^e^rsioⁿ^{as an}^altern^ativ^{e to}
^t^h^e^p^r^o^vⁱ^sⁱ^o^{ns i}ⁿ^t^h^e^Se^na^t^e^aⁿ^d^H^I^{RC l}^a^ngua^ge^t^o^r^e^p^e^a^l^p^r^o^vⁱ^sⁱ^o^{ns t}^h^e^N^a^tⁱ^o^na^l^D^e^fe^nse^A^u^t^h^o^rⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^o^{n A}^c^t^o^f^{1998 rel}^a^t^e^{d t}^o^hⁱ^g^h
^perf^orm^aⁿ^{ce com}^p^u^t^ers^(HP^C^).
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^EC^{. 221 “}^E^X^P^O^R^T^S^O^F^H^I^G^H
^P^E^R^F^OR^MA^NC^{E C}^O^MP^UT^ING
^T^E^C^HNOL^OGY.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^{(a) J}^O^INT^P^R^OC^ESS-^T^h^{e Secretary}^,^th^e
^g/w^Secretary^of^{State, th}^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e,
^s^.or^an^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^En^erg^y^s^h^{all j}^oⁱⁿ^tly
^le^ak^dev^e^l^{op an}^{d i}^m^pl^em^en^t^{a proces}^s^t^h^at^w^o^u^l^d
^p^e^r^m^{it th}^{e Un}^ited^{States to}^m^oⁿ^ito^r
^://wiki^ef^f^ectiv^ely^th^{e ex}^{port of}^hⁱ^g^h^perf^orm^aⁿ^c^e
^h^ttp^c^o^m^p^utⁱ^{ng t}^e^c^hno^l^o^gy^t^o^c^o^unt^rⁱ^e^s^o^f^prolif^eration^con^cern^.^Su^ch^{a proces}^s^s^h^all
ⁱⁿ^clu^d^{e, at a m}ⁱⁿⁱ^m^u^m^,^th^{e f}^o^llowⁱⁿ^g^:
⁽¹⁾^A^d^e^fⁱⁿ^itioⁿ^o^f^hⁱ^g^h^p^e^r^f^o^r^m^aⁿ^c^e
^com^p^u^tin^g^techⁿ^o^log^y^an^{d an}^y^as^s^o^ciated
^perf^orm^aⁿ^{ce m}^e^t^rⁱ^c^s^.
^{(2) T}^h^{e ability}^{to as}^s^e^s^s^th^{e propos}^{ed ex}^port
^o^f^hi^{gh p}^e^r^f^o^r^m^a^nc^e^c^o^m^p^utⁱ^{ng t}^e^c^hno^l^o^gy
^pri^o^{r t}^oⁱ^t^s^ex^port^an^{d pos}^sⁱ^bl^y^requⁱ^r^{e a}
^licen^s^e^f^o^{r s}^u^ch^ex^{port to en}^{d u}^s^ers^{or en}^d
^u^s^es^of^con^cern^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^No^co^m^p^ar^ab^{le p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ⁽³⁾^T^h^{e u}^s^{e o}^f^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^s
^an^{d oth}^e^{r procedu}^r^es^{to m}^oⁿ^{itor en}^{d u}^s^es
^an^{d en}^{d u}^s^ersⁱⁿ^{order to en}^s^u^{re th}^{at ex}^ports
^o^f^hi^{gh p}^e^r^f^o^r^m^a^nc^e^c^o^m^p^utⁱ^{ng t}^e^c^hno^l^o^gy
^a^r^e^no^t^b^eⁱ^{ng use}^d^b^y^c^o^unt^rⁱ^e^s^o^f
^prolif^eration^con^cernⁱⁿ^{a m}^aⁿⁿ^e^r
^d^e^tr^im^en^{tal to}^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^o^f^th^e
^Un^{ited States}^.
^(b^{) R}^E^P^O^R^T^T^O^C^ONGR^ESS-^T^h^e
^P^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all su}^b^m^{it to}^th^{e Co}ⁿ^g^r^{ess, n}^o^t
^l^a^t^e^{r t}^h^an^{180 day}^s^af^t^e^{r t}^h^{e dat}^e^of^t^h^e
^en^act^m^eⁿ^t^of^t^hⁱ^s^A^c^t^,^{a report}^des^c^ri^biⁿ^g
^t^h^{e proces}^s^dev^e^l^{oped u}ⁿ^d^{er s}^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^(a).
^{(c) IMP}^L^EMENT^A^T^I^ON-^T^h^{e proces}^s
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^dev^e^l^{oped u}ⁿ^d^{er s}^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{(a) s}^h^al^l^fⁱ^rs^t^becom^e^ef^f^ectiv^{e 60 day}^s^af^{ter th}^{e en}^{d of}
^g/w^t^h^{e 180-}^day^peri^{od des}^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ
^s^.or^(b).
^le^ak⁽^d⁾^RE^P^E^A^L^O^F^CE^RT^A^I^N^E^X^P^O^RT
^CONT^ROL^S^-^Su^b^{title B}^o^f^{title XI}^I^o^f
^://wiki^dⁱ^vⁱ^sioⁿ^A^o^f^th^{e Natio}ⁿ^a^{l Def}^eⁿ^s^e
^h^ttp^A^u^t^h^ori^zatⁱ^oⁿ^A^c^t^f^o^{r F}ⁱ^s^cal^Y^{ear 1998 (50}
^U^.^S^.^C^.^A^{pp. 2404 n}^o^t^e^{) i}^s^repeal^ed,
^ef^f^ectⁱ^v^{e 60 day}^s^af^t^e^{r t}^h^{e en}^{d of}^t^h^{e 180-}
^day^peri^{od des}^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^(b).
^{(e) INC}^L^US^{ION OF}^IT^EMS^IN
^DEFI^NI^T^I^ON-^T^h^{e d}^e^fⁱⁿ^itioⁿ^o^f^`^h^ig^h
^p^e^r^f^o^r^m^a^nc^e^c^o^m^p^utⁱ^{ng t}^e^c^hno^l^o^gy^'^und^e^r
^s^u^bs^ection^{(a)(1) s}^h^{all in}^clu^d^{e com}^p^u^t^er
^h^a^rdw^a^{re, s}^o^f^t^w^a^{re, tech}ⁿⁱ^{cal data, an}^d
^s^o^u^r^{ce codes}^.
^(f^{) END USE R}^E^VIEW^-
⁽¹^{) NOT}^IFIC^A^T^ION-^Aⁿ^y^Un^ited^States
^pers^on^th^{at ex}^ports^{a com}^p^u^t^{er w}^ith^{a dollar}
^v^a^l^u^{e of}^ov^{er $250,000, or an}^y^equⁱ^v^a^l^eⁿ^t
^m^e^t^rⁱ^c^dev^e^l^{oped pu}^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^(a),
^sh^{all, n}^o^{t less th}^an¹⁰^d^a^y^s^b^e^f^o^r^e^th^{e item}^is
^ex^{ported, prov}^{ide to th}^{e Secretary}^{a 1-}^pag^e
ⁿ^o^tif^icatioⁿ^d^e^scrⁱ^b^e^dⁱⁿ^p^a^r^a^g^r^ap^h⁽²⁾^w^ith

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^No^co^m^p^ar^ab^{le p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ⁽²⁾^CONT^ENT^-^Aⁿ^o^tif^icatioⁿ^uⁿ^d^er
^parag^r^aph^{(1) w}ⁱ^t^h^res^p^ect^t^o^{a propos}^ed
^ex^p^o^r^{t sh}^{all in}^clu^d^{e th}^{e f}^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^:
⁽^A⁾^A^d^e^tailed^d^e^scrⁱ^p^tioⁿ^o^f^th^{e item}^to^b^e
^ex^port^e^d.
^(B^{) P}^e^rf^orm^aⁿ^{ce m}^eas^u^r^es^of^th^{e item}^{to be}
^ex^port^e^d.
⁽^C⁾^T^h^{e q}^u^an^tity^an^d^d^o^llar^v^a^lu^{e o}^f^th^{e item}
^t^o^{be ex}^port^e^d.
^(D^{) T}^h^{e n}^a^m^e^{, addres}^s^,^an^{d t}^e^l^e^ph^on^e
ⁿ^u^m^{ber of}^t^h^{e en}^{d u}^s^{er of}^t^h^{e ex}^port^e^{d i}^t^e^m^.
^{(E) T}^h^{e en}^{d u}^s^es^of^th^{e ex}^{ported item}^.
⁽³^{) INT}^E^R^A^GENC^{Y R}^E^VIEW^-^W^ithⁱⁿ²⁴
^h^o^u^r^s^af^{ter receiv}ⁱⁿ^g^{a n}^o^tif^ication^uⁿ^d^er
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^parag^r^aph^{(1), th}^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all ref}^e^{r th}^eⁿ^o^tif^icatioⁿ^to^th^{e Dir}^ecto^r^o^f^Cen^t^r^a^l
^g/w^Iⁿ^tellig^en^{ce (}ⁱⁿ^th^{is su}^b^s^ectioⁿ^r^e^f^e^r^r^e^d^to^as
^s^.or^th^{e `}^D^irector'⁾^an^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e.
^le^ak^T^h^{e Director an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e
^sh^{all r}^e^vⁱ^ew^th^{e n}^o^tif^icatioⁿ^to^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^e
^://wiki^w^h^eth^e^{r th}^{e en}^{d u}^s^{er or an}^y^en^{d u}^s^{e of}^th^e
^h^ttp^item^to^b^e^ex^p^o^r^ted^-^-
^(A^{) cou}^l^{d th}^reaten^th^{e n}^a^tion^a^{l s}^ecu^rity^of
^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^;
⁽^B⁾^co^u^l^d^coⁿ^t^rⁱ^b^u^{te to}^th^{e p}^r^o^lif^er^atioⁿ^o^f
^w^eapon^s^of^m^a^s^s^des^t^ru^ctⁱ^oⁿ^{or t}^h^{e m}^ean^s^t^o
^d^e^liv^er^th^em^{; o}^r
⁽^C⁾^c^o^uld^a^{ssist fo}^r^e^{ign te}^r^r^o^rⁱ^st
^o^r^gaⁿⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^o^{ns i}ⁿ^p^e^r^f^o^r^mⁱ^{ng a}^c^t^{s o}^f
ⁱⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l ter}^r^o^rⁱ^sm^.”
^{(4) DET}^E^R^M^INA^T^ION-^“^Wⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ^{7 cal}^en^dar
^day^s^af^{ter receiv}ⁱⁿ^g^{a n}^o^tif^ication^uⁿ^d^er
^parag^r^aph^{(3), th}^{e Director an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}
^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e s}^h^{all in}^f^o^rm^th^{e Secretary}^of^an^y
^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^s^th^ey^m^a^d^e^uⁿ^d^er^p^a^r^a^g^r^ap^h
⁽³⁾^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^th^{e n}^o^tif^icatioⁿ^.^I^f^th^e
^{Director or th}^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e
^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^es^t^h^at^{a propos}^{ed ex}^port^m^eet^s^an^y
^o^f^th^{e cr}^iterⁱ^{a set f}^o^r^t^hⁱⁿ^su^b^p^a^r^a^g^r^ap^h^s⁽^A⁾^,

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^{No com}^p^{arable prov}^is^ion⁵^{) R}^E^P^O^R^T^-^T^h^{e Secretary}^,^w^ith^th^e
^con^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^d
^t^h^e^Dⁱ^r^e^c^t^o^r^,^sha^l^l^r^e^p^o^r^t^a^nnua^l^l^y^t^o^t^h^e
^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess o}ⁿ^th^{e im}^p^l^em^en^tatioⁿ^o^f^th^is
^su^b^s^ectioⁿ^.^T^h^{e r}^e^p^o^r^{t sh}^{all co}ⁿ^t^ain^th^e
ⁿ^u^m^{ber an}^{d t}^y^{pe of}^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^atⁱ^oⁿ^s^m^a^{de by}
^th^{e Director an}^{d th}^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e
^und^e^r^p^a^r^a^gr^a^p^{h (}³⁾^.
^{(6) EF}^F^E^C^T^{IVE DA}^T^E^-^T^hⁱ^s^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ
^sh^{all tak}^e^ef^f^{ect 9}⁰^d^a^y^s^af^ter^th^{e d}^a^{te o}^f^th^e
^en^actm^eⁿ^t^o^f^th^{is A}^c^t.”
^S^{ec. 301(b) Pu}^rpos^es^of^F^o^rei^gⁿ^Polⁱ^c^y^Ex^port^C^oⁿ^t^rol^s^{. T}^h^{e H}^I^R^C^v^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^{added prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^s^rel^a^t^e^{d t}^e^s^t^artⁱ^c^l^e^s^f^o^{r h}^u^m^an^s^u^bj^ects^an^d
^t^h^{e ex}^port^of^banⁿ^e^{d or reg}^u^l^at^{ed g}^oods^as^pu^rpos^es^of^f^o^rei^gⁿ^polⁱ^c^y^ex^port^con^t^rol^s^.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 301(b)(4) “}^T^{o con}^t^rol^t^h^{e ex}^port^of^t^e^s^t^artⁱ^c^l^e^sⁱⁿ^t^eⁿ^d^{ed f}^o^{r cl}ⁱⁿⁱ^calⁱⁿ^v^e^s^tⁱ^g^atⁱ^oⁿ
^g/wⁱⁿ^v^o^lvⁱⁿ^g^h^u^m^an^su^b^j^{ects so}^{as to}^f^o^ster^p^u^b^{lic h}^ealth^an^d^saf^e^ty^an^d^to^p^r^ev^en^{t in}^j^u^r^y^to^th^e
^s^.or^f^o^r^e^igⁿ^p^o^licy^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States as w}^e^{ll as}^to^th^{e cr}^ed^ib^ility^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States as a}
^le^ak^res^pon^sⁱ^bl^{e t}^r^adiⁿ^g^partⁿ^e^r.”
^S^{ec. 301(b)(5) “}^T^{o con}^t^rol^t^h^{e ex}^port^of^g^oods^an^{d s}^u^bs^t^aⁿ^ces^w^hⁱ^c^h^{are ban}ⁿ^e^{d, s}^e^v^e^rel^y
^://wiki^r^e^st^rⁱ^c^t^e^d^,^hi^ghl^y^r^e^gul^a^t^e^d^,^o^r^ne^ve^r^r^e^gul^a^t^e^d^fo^r^u^s^{e in}^th^{e Un}^ited^{States in}^o^r^d^e^r^to^f^o^ster
^h^ttp^p^u^b^{lic h}^ealth^an^d^saf^e^ty^an^d^to^p^r^ev^en^{t in}^j^u^r^y^to^th^{e f}^o^r^e^igⁿ^p^o^licy^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States as}^w^e^{ll as to}^th^{e cr}^ed^ib^ility^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States as a r}^e^sp^oⁿ^sib^l^{e tr}^adⁱⁿ^g^p^a^r^tⁿ^e^r^.^”
^{Sec. 301(d) C}^oⁿ^t^{ract s}^aⁿ^c^tity^-^Lⁱ^m^its^{Sec. 301(d) C}^oⁿ^t^{ract s}^aⁿ^c^tity^-^Lⁱ^m^its^con^t^ract^s^aⁿ^c^tity^prov^is^ion^{to con}^t^racts^{or licen}^s^e
^coⁿ^t^r^{act san}^c^tity^to^co^m^m^itm^en^{ts m}^a^d^e^o^r^au^th^o^r^izatioⁿ^s^en^ter^e^d^b^e^f^o^r^e^th^{e ear}^lier^o^fⁿ^o^{tice in}^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l Reg}ⁱ^ster^o^r^r^e^p^o^r^{t to}
^licen^{ses au}^th^o^r^ized^p^r^ev^io^u^s^to^th^{e d}^a^{te in}^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess b}^y^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t to}^im^p^o^s^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^ls.
^w^h^ich^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t r}^e^p^o^r^{ts to}^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess th}^e
^P^r^esid^en^t’^{s in}^ten^tioⁿ^to^im^p^o^s^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^ls.
^S^{ec.304 Pres}ⁱ^d^en^tⁱ^a^l^R^e^portⁱⁿ^g^R^e^quⁱ^r^em^en^t^.^Bef^o^{re i}^m^posⁱⁿ^g^f^o^rei^gⁿ^polⁱ^c^y^ex^port^con^t^rol^s^{, t}^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^m^u^s^t^report^on^t^h^{e c}^on^t^r^ol^t^o
^HIR^C^an^{d B}^HUAⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^an^as^s^e^s^s^m^en^{t of}^{8 f}^actors^.^T^h^{e eig}^h^t^h^f^acto^r^{is w}^o^r^d^ed^slig^h^tly^dⁱ^f^f^e^r^eⁿ^tly^b^e^tw^een^th^{e v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^s^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec 304(b)(8) “}^a^con^c^l^u^sⁱ^on^t^h^at^t^h^e^S^{ec. 304 (b)(8) “}^w^h^e^t^h^{er t}^h^{e propos}^{ed ex}^port^con^t^rol^ou^t^w^ei^g^h^s^an^y^lⁱ^k^el^y^cos^t^s^t^o^Uⁿⁱ^t^e^d
^probabl^{e ach}ⁱ^e^v^e^m^eⁿ^t^of^t^h^{e obj}^ectⁱ^v^es^of^{States eco}ⁿ^o^mⁱ^{c, f}^o^r^e^igⁿ^p^o^licy^,^h^u^m^an^itarⁱ^an^{, o}^rⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ityⁱⁿ^ter^e^{sts, in}^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y
^t^h^{e propos}^{ed ex}^port^con^t^rol^s^ou^t^w^ei^g^h^s^an^y^p^o^t^en^{tial h}^a^r^m^to^th^{e Un}^ited^{States ag}^rⁱ^cu^ltu^r^a^{l an}^d^b^u^sin^e^{ss f}ⁱ^r^m^{s an}^d^to^th^{e in}^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^l
^lik^ely^cos^t^s^{to U.S. econ}^o^mⁱ^{c, f}^o^reigⁿ^repu^t^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^{e U}ⁿⁱ^t^e^{d S}^t^at^es^as^{a rel}ⁱ^a^bl^{e s}^u^pplⁱ^e^{r of}^g^oods^{, s}^e^rvⁱ^ces^{, or t}^echⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^.”
^p^o^licy^,^h^u^m^an^itarⁱ^an^{, o}^rⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity
ⁱⁿ^ter^e^{sts, in}^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^p^o^t^en^{tial h}^a^r^m^to
^Un^{ited States}^ag^ricu^ltu^{ral an}^{d bu}^sⁱⁿ^e^s^s^fⁱ^rm^s
^an^d^to^th^{e in}^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l r}^e^p^u^tatioⁿ^o^f^th^e
^Uⁿⁱ^t^e^{d S}^t^at^es^as^{a rel}ⁱ^a^bl^{e s}^u^pplⁱ^e^{r of}^g^oods^,
^s^e^rv^ices^{, or tech}ⁿ^o^log^y^.”
^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{308 (c) -}^T^e^rmⁱⁿ^atⁱ^oⁿ^of^C^oⁿ^t^rol^s
^S^{ec 308(c) T}^h^{e t}^e^rmⁱⁿ^atⁱ^oⁿ^of^{a f}^o^rei^gⁿ^S^{ec 308(c) T}^h^{e term}ⁱⁿ^ation^of^{a f}^o^reigⁿ^policy^bas^e^{d ex}^{port con}^t^{rol tak}^e^s^{place ef}^f^{ect 30}
^policy^bas^e^{d ex}^{port con}^t^{rol tak}^e^s^{place on}^d^a^y^s^af^ter^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t h}^a^{s co}ⁿ^s^u^lted^w^ith^th^{e HI}^{RC an}^d^{SFRC o}ⁿ^th^{e f}^o^r^e^igⁿ^p^o^licy
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^th^{e d}^a^{te o}^f^Fed^e^r^a^{l Reg}ⁱ^sterⁿ^o^tice.^im^p^licatioⁿ^s^o^f^su^ch^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^.
^g/w
^s^.or^S^{ec 309 C}^o^m^p^lⁱ^aⁿ^{ce w}ⁱ^t^h^In^t^e^rn^atⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^O^b^lⁱ^g^atⁱ^oⁿ^s^-^T^h^{e H}^o^u^s^{e v}^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^s^requⁱ^r^{e t}^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^t^oⁱ^m^pos^{e con}^t^rol^s^on^cert^aⁱⁿⁱ^t^e^m^s^to^ad^h^e^r^e
^le^ak^to^inte^rⁿ^a^tio^na^{l o}^b^liga^tio^ns.^T^h^e^Ho^use^ve^r^s^io^{n a}^l^so^r^e^m^o^ve^{s Se}^na^te^la^ngua^ge^c^{iting the}^P^r^e^s^id^eⁿ^tia^{l r}^e^p^o^r^{ting r}^e^q^u^ir^e^m^eⁿ^{t b}^e^fo^{re t}^h^e^im^pos^ition^of^con^t^{rol u}ⁿ^d^{er Sec. 309.}
^://wiki^“^N^ot^wⁱ^t^h^s^t^an^diⁿ^g^an^y^ot^h^e^{r prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^hⁱ^s^“^N^o^t^w^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is A}^c^{t settin}^g^f^o^r^t^h^lim^itatioⁿ^s^oⁿ^au^th^o^r^ity^to
^h^ttp^A^c^{t settin}^g^f^o^r^t^h^lim^itatioⁿ^s^oⁿ^au^th^o^r^ity^to^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l ex}^p^o^r^{ts, th}^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all im}^p^o^s^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{ls o}ⁿ^ex^p^o^r^{ts to}^{a p}^a^r^ticu^l^ar^co^uⁿ^t^r^y^o^r
^con^t^{rol ex}^ports^an^{d ex}^{cept as}^prov^{ided in}^couⁿ^t^ries^-^-
^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{304, t}^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^m^a^yⁱ^m^pos^e⁽¹⁾^o^f^item^s^listed^oⁿ^th^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l list o}^f^{a m}^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^{; o}^r
^con^t^rols^on^ex^ports^{to a particu}^l^{ar cou}ⁿ^t^ry^or⁽²⁾ⁱⁿ^o^r^d^e^r^to^f^u^lf^{ill o}^b^lig^atioⁿ^s^o^r^co^m^m^itm^en^{ts o}^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States u}ⁿ^d^er^r^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^s^o^f
^couⁿ^t^ries^-^-^th^{e Un}^ited^Natioⁿ^s^an^d^uⁿ^d^er^tr^{eaties, o}^r^o^t^h^e^rⁱⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l ag}^r^eem^en^{ts an}^d^ar^r^aⁿ^g^e^m^eⁿ^t^s,
⁽¹⁾^o^f^item^s^listed^oⁿ^th^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l list o}^f^a^to^w^h^ich^th^{e Un}^ited^{States is a p}^a^r^t^y^.^”
^m^u^ltilater^a^{l ex}^p^o^r^{t co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l r}^e^gⁱ^m^e^{, as}
^defⁱⁿ^e^{d i}ⁿ^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^2(14);^or
⁽²⁾ⁱⁿ^o^r^d^e^r^to^f^u^lf^{ill o}^b^lig^atioⁿ^s^o^r
^com^m^itm^en^ts^of^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^uⁿ^d^er
^r^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e Un}^ited^Natioⁿ^s^an^d^uⁿ^d^er
^tr^{eaties, o}^r^o^t^h^e^rⁱⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l ag}^r^eem^en^ts
^an^d^ar^r^aⁿ^g^e^m^eⁿ^t^{s, to}^w^h^ich^th^{e Un}^ited
^States^is^{a party}^.^”
^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{310 D}^e^sⁱ^gⁿ^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^of^C^o^uⁿ^t^ri^es^S^u^pportⁱⁿ^g^In^t^e^rn^atⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^T^e^rrori^s^m^-^R^e^quⁱ^r^es^lⁱ^cen^s^e^s^f^o^{r ex}^port^s^t^o^couⁿ^t^ri^es^t^h^{e g}^o^v^e^rn^meⁿ^t^s^o^f
^w^hⁱ^c^h^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^of^S^t^at^{e h}^a^s^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^{ed t}^o^h^a^v^e^repeat^edl^y^provⁱ^d^{ed s}^u^pport^t^oⁱⁿ^t^e^rn^atⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^t^e^rrori^s^m^{. T}^h^{e H}^A^S^C^v^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^ad^ds^a
^con^s^u^ltation^requ^irem^en^{t f}^o^{r th}^{e Secretar}^y^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^{d Secretary}^of^State.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 310(a)(2) “}^R^equⁱ^res^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^of
^{State to con}^s^u^{lt w}^ith^th^{e Secretary}^of
^D^e^f^eⁿ^s^{e as}^t^o^w^h^et^h^e^{r a propos}^{ed ex}^port
^c^o^ul^d^m^a^ke^a^si^gni^fi^c^aⁿ^t^c^o^nt^rⁱ^b^u^tⁱ^o^{n t}^o^t^h^e
^m^ilitar^y^p^o^t^en^{tial o}^f^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^an^d^its
^ability^{to s}^u^{pport acts}^ofⁱⁿ^tern^ation^a^l
^t^e^rrori^s^m^.”
^S^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{311 C}^rⁱ^m^{e C}^oⁿ^t^rol^In^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^-^A^l^t^h^o^{ugh t}^h^e^Se^na^t^e^aⁿ^d^H^o^use^ve^r^sⁱ^o^{ns o}^f^t^h^e^l^e^gi^sl^a^tⁱ^o^{n b}^o^t^{h r}^e^q^uⁱ^r^e^t^h^e^lⁱ^c^eⁿ^si^{ng o}^f^e^x^p^o^r^t^s^o^f
^cr^im^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l in}^str^u^m^eⁿ^t^{s, th}^{e tw}^o^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^coⁿ^t^ainⁿ^u^m^er^o^u^{s d}ⁱ^f^f^e^r^eⁿ^{ces. B}^o^th^ex^em^p^t^NA^T^O^an^dⁿ^oⁿ^-^NA^T^O^{allies f}^r^o^m^licen^sin^g
^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts, b}^u^{t th}^{e Sen}^a^{te v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^also^allo^w^s^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t to}^ex^em^p^t^o^t^h^e^r^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es. T}^h^{e Sen}^a^{te v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^also^gⁱ^v^e^{s th}^{e P}^r^e^sid^e^{nt the}
^au^th^o^r^ity^to^o^v^er^r^u^{le a f}ⁱⁿ^a^{l d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^b^y^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^.^T^h^{e Hou}^s^{e v}^e^rs^ion^con^t^ain^s^{a pres}^u^m^ption^of^denⁱ^{al f}^o^{r licen}^s^e^s^{to cou}ⁿ^t^ries
^en^g^a^g^e^dⁱⁿ^{acts o}^f^to^r^t^u^r^{e, an}^d^coⁿ^t^ain^s^{a p}^r^o^h^ib^itioⁿ^oⁿ^ex^p^o^r^{t o}^f^cer^tain^item^s^.

ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}
^g/w
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^{(a) “}^I^N^G^E^N^E^R^A^L^-^In^{order t}^o^prom^ot^e⁽^a⁾^“^I^{N GENERA}^L^-^Cr^im^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l an}^d^d^e^tectioⁿⁱⁿ^str^u^m^eⁿ^t^{s an}^d^eq^uⁱ^p^m^en^{t sh}^{all n}^o^{t b}^e
^res^p^{ect f}^o^{r f}^uⁿ^d^am^en^{tal h}^u^m^an^rig^h^t^s^,^crim^e^approv^{ed f}^o^{r ex}^{port by}^th^{e Secretary}^ex^{cept pu}^rs^u^aⁿ^t^{to an}ⁱⁿ^divⁱ^du^{al ex}^{port licen}^s^e^.
^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l an}^d^d^e^tectioⁿⁱⁿ^str^u^m^eⁿ^t^{s an}^d⁽^b⁾^I^M^P^L^EMENT^A^T^I^ON-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is A}^c^t-^-
^equⁱ^pm^en^t^s^h^al^l^{be approv}^{ed f}^o^{r ex}^port^by^{(1) an}^y^det^e^rmⁱⁿ^atⁱ^oⁿ^by^t^h^{e S}^ecret^ary^of^w^h^at^g^oods^{or t}^echⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^s^h^al^l^{be i}ⁿ^cl^u^d^{ed on}
^th^{e Secretary}^on^ly^pu^rs^u^aⁿ^t^{to an}ⁱⁿ^divⁱ^du^al^th^{e list estab}^lish^e^d^p^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^th^{is su}^b^s^ectioⁿ^{as a r}^e^su^{lt o}^f^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t r}^e^strⁱ^ctioⁿ^s^im^p^o^s^ed
^ex^p^o^r^{t licen}^{se. No}^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^by^th^is^s^ection^s^h^{all be m}^a^{de w}^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State; an}^d
^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is A}^c^t-^-^{(2) an}^y^determⁱⁿ^ation^by^th^{e Secretary}^to^approv^{e or den}^y^an^ex^port^lⁱ^cen^s^e^applⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^t^o
^{(1) an}^y^determⁱⁿ^ation^by^th^{e Secretary}^of^ex^p^o^r^{t cr}^im^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l o}^r^d^e^tectioⁿⁱⁿ^str^u^m^eⁿ^t^{s o}^r^eq^uⁱ^p^m^en^{t sh}^{all b}^e^m^a^d^eⁱⁿ^coⁿ^c^u^r^r^eⁿ^c^e
^w^h^at^g^oods^{or t}^echⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^s^h^al^l^{be i}ⁿ^cl^u^d^ed^w^ith^th^{e r}^eco^m^m^eⁿ^d^atioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^o^f^{State su}^b^m^itted^to^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^w^ith^r^e^sp^ect
^oⁿ^th^{e list estab}^lish^e^d^p^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^th^is^t^o^t^h^{e appl}ⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^pu^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{401 of}^t^hⁱ^s^A^c^t^.
^s^u^bs^ection^as^{a res}^u^{lt of}^th^{e ex}^port^{(c) L}^I^MIT^A^T^I^ON-
^r^e^strⁱ^ctioⁿ^s^im^p^o^s^ed^b^y^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^sh^{all b}^e⁽¹⁾^I^N^GENERA^L^-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^su^b^s^ectioⁿ^{(b), th}^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all n}^o^{t approv}^{e th}^e
^m^a^{de w}^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^ex^{port to a cou}ⁿ^t^ry^of^crim^{e con}^t^{rol an}^{d de}^tectionⁱⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d equ}ⁱ^pm^en^{t es}^pecially
^of^{State, an}^{d (2) an}^y^determⁱⁿ^ation^by^th^e^s^u^s^{ceptible to abu}^s^{e as}^im^plem^en^ts^of^tortu^r^{e if}^th^{e g}^o^v^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^of^s^u^ch^couⁿ^t^ry^{, or an}^y
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^Secretary^{to approv}^{e or den}^y^an^ex^port^licen^{se ap}^p^licatioⁿ^to^ex^{port crim}^{e con}^t^rol^g^r^ou^{p s}^u^pport^e^{d by}^{or act}ⁱⁿ^g^on^beh^a^l^f^of^s^u^ch^g^o^v^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^{, h}^a^s^repeat^edl^y^en^g^a^g^e^{d i}ⁿ^act^s^of^tortu^r^{e u}ⁿ^l^es^s^th^{e Secretary}^,^w^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State, determ}ⁱⁿ^es
^g/w^{or det}^ectⁱ^oⁿⁱⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^{or equ}ⁱ^pm^en^t^s^h^al^l^t^h^at^t^h^{e en}^{d u}^s^{er of}^t^h^{e i}ⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^{or equ}ⁱ^pm^en^t^propos^{ed f}^o^{r ex}^port^h^a^sⁿ^o^t^been^en^g^a^g^e^d
^s^.or^b^e^m^a^d^eⁱⁿ^coⁿ^c^u^r^r^eⁿ^{ce w}^ith^th^eⁱⁿ^acts^of^tortu^r^e.
^le^ak^recom^m^eⁿ^d^ation^s^of^th^{e Secretary}^of^State⁽¹⁾^I^N^GENERA^L^-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^su^b^s^ectioⁿ^{(b), th}^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all n}^o^{t approv}^{e th}^e
^su^b^m^itted^to^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^ex^{port to a cou}ⁿ^t^ry^of^crim^{e con}^t^{rol an}^{d de}^tectionⁱⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d equ}ⁱ^pm^en^{t es}^pecially
^://wiki^t^h^{e appl}ⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^pu^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{401 of}^s^u^s^{ceptible to abu}^s^{e as}^im^plem^en^ts^of^tortu^r^{e if}^th^{e g}^o^v^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^of^s^u^ch^couⁿ^t^ry^{, or an}^y
^h^ttp^th^is^A^c^{t, ex}^{cept th}^{at, if}^th^{e Secretary}^does^g^r^ou^{p s}^u^pport^e^{d by}^{or act}ⁱⁿ^g^on^beh^a^l^f^of^s^u^ch^g^o^v^e^rn^m^eⁿ^t^{, h}^a^s^repeat^edl^y^en^g^a^g^e^{d i}ⁿ^act^s
ⁿ^o^{t ag}^{ree w}^ith^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State w}^ith^of^tortu^r^{e u}ⁿ^l^es^s^th^{e Secretary}^,^w^ith^th^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State, determ}ⁱⁿ^es
^r^e^sp^{ect to}^an^y^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^uⁿ^d^er^t^h^at^t^h^{e en}^{d u}^s^{er of}^t^h^{e i}ⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^{or equ}ⁱ^pm^en^t^propos^{ed f}^o^{r ex}^port^h^a^sⁿ^o^t^been^en^g^a^g^e^d
^parag^r^aph^{(1) or (2), t}^h^{e m}^a^t^t^e^{r s}^h^al^l^beⁱⁿ^acts^of^tortu^r^e.

^r^e^f^e^r^r^ed^to^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t f}^o^r^r^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^“^{(b) EXC}^E^P^T^ION-^Ex^{cept as}^h^e^rein⁽²⁾^“^L^I^S^T^-^T^h^{e Secr}^etar^y^sh^{all estab}^lish^an^d^m^aⁱⁿ^tain^{a list o}^f^cr^im^{e co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l an}^d^d^e^tectioⁿ
^p^r^o^v^id^ed^{, th}^{e p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^sh^allⁱⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d equ}ⁱ^pm^en^{t es}^pecially^s^u^s^ceptib^{le to abu}^s^{e as}^im^plem^en^ts^of^tortu^r^{e f}^o^r
ⁿ^o^{t ap}^p^l^y^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^ex^p^o^r^{ts to}^p^u^r^p^o^s^{es o}^f^p^a^r^a^g^r^ap^h⁽¹⁾^,^an^d^sh^{all p}^u^b^lish^su^ch^{list in}^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l Reg}ⁱ^ster^.
^couⁿ^t^ries^th^{at are m}^e^m^b^ers^of^th^{e North}⁽^d⁾^EXCEP^T^I^ON-^Su^b^s^ectioⁿ⁽^a⁾^sh^{all n}^o^{t ap}^p^l^y^to^ex^p^o^r^{ts to}^co^uⁿ^t^rⁱ^{es th}^{at ar}^{e NA}^T^O^o^r
^A^tlan^{tic T}^r^eaty^Or^g^aⁿⁱ^zatioⁿ^o^r^to^J^a^p^aⁿ^,^ar^{e m}^a^j^o^rⁿ^oⁿ^-^NA^T^O^allies.
^A^u^s^t^ralⁱ^a^{, or N}^e^w^Z^eal^an^{d, or t}^o^s^u^ch^ot^h^e^r⁽^e⁾^P^R^OHI^B^I^T^I^ON-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^,ⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g
^couⁿ^t^ries^as^th^{e P}^r^es^iden^{t s}^h^{all des}ⁱ^gⁿ^a^te^s^u^bs^ection^{(d), th}^{e ex}^{port to an}^y^couⁿ^t^ry^of^leg^iron^s^,^s^a^ps^{, black}^j^ack^s^,^electros^h^ock^s^t^uⁿ
^coⁿ^s^isten^t^w^ith^th^{e p}^u^r^p^o^s^{es o}^f^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^b^e^{lts, th}^u^m^b^cu^f^f^s^{, an}^d^item^s^sp^ecially^d^e^sigⁿ^e^d^as^im^p^l^em^en^{ts o}^f^to^r^t^u^r^{e, as d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^ed^b^y
^an^{d s}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{502B of}^t^h^{e F}^o^rei^gⁿ^A^s^sⁱ^s^t^an^ce^th^{e Secretary}^,ⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^com^pon^en^ts^produ^ced^f^o^rⁱⁿ^co^r^p^o^r^atioⁿⁱⁿ^to^th^{ese item}^s^an^d^th^e
^A^c^t^of^{1961 (22 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{2304). T}^h^e^techⁿ^o^lo^g^y^u^s^ed^f^o^r^th^{e d}^e^v^e^lo^p^m^en^{t o}^r^p^r^o^d^u^ctioⁿ^o^f^th^{ese item}^s^{, sh}^{all b}^e^p^r^o^h^ib^ited^.
^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^su^b^s^ectioⁿ⁽^a⁾^sh^{all ap}^p^l^y^w^ith^(f^{) DEFINIT}^I^ON-^{For pu}^rpos^es^of^th^is^s^ection^,^th^{e term}^`^acts^of^tortu^r^e'^m^ean^s^acts
^res^p^{ect to ex}^ports^of^an^y^of^th^{e item}^s^co^m^m^itted^b^y^{a p}^e^r^s^oⁿ^actin^g^uⁿ^d^er^th^{e co}^lo^r^o^f^law^th^{at ar}^{e sp}^ecifⁱ^callyⁱⁿ^ten^d^ed^toⁱⁿ^f^lict
^id^en^tif^iedⁱⁿ^su^b^s^ectioⁿ⁽^c⁾^d^e^sigⁿ^e^d^so^lely^sev^e^r^e^p^h^y^s^{ical o}^r^m^eⁿ^t^{al p}^aⁱⁿ^o^r^su^f^f^e^rⁱⁿ^g⁽^o^th^er^th^an^p^aⁱⁿ^o^r^su^f^f^e^rⁱⁿ^gⁱⁿ^cid^eⁿ^t^{al to}^law^f^u^l
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^fo^r^si^gna^l^,^fl^a^r^e^,^o^r^sa^l^u^tⁱ^{ng use}^.^“⁽^c)^REP^O^RT^-^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^th^e^s^aⁿ^c^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^{) u}^pon^an^ot^h^e^{r pers}^on^wⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ^t^h^{e cu}^s^t^ody^{or ph}^y^sⁱ^cal^con^t^rol^of^t^h^{e pers}^on^perf^ormⁱⁿ^g^th^{e acts}^.^”

^g/w^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{602 or an}^y^ot^h^e^r
^s^.or^coⁿ^f^id^en^tiality^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts, th}^{e Secr}^etar^y
^le^ak^sha^{ll inc}^l^ud^e^{in the}^a^nnua^{l r}^e^p^o^r^{t sub}^m^itte^d
^t^o^C^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^pu^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{701 a report}
^://wiki^des^c^ribin^g^th^{e ag}^g^r^eg^{ate n}^u^m^{ber of}^licen^s^e^s
^h^ttp^approv^{ed du}^rin^g^th^{e precedin}^g^calen^{dar y}^ear
^f^o^r^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^an^y^item^s^listedⁱⁿ^th^e
^f^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^p^a^r^a^g^r^ap^h^s^id^en^tif^ied^b^y^co^uⁿ^t^r^y
^an^d^coⁿ^t^r^o^{l list n}^u^m^b^e^r^:
⁽¹⁾^Ser^r^a^ted^th^u^m^b^c^u^f^f^s^{, leg}^ir^oⁿ^s,
^th^u^m^bs^crew^s^,^an^{d electro-}^s^h^o^ck^s^t^uⁿ^belts^.
^{(2) L}^e^g^cu^f^f^s^{, th}^u^m^bcu^f^f^s^{, s}^h^ack^{le boards}^,
^res^t^rain^{t ch}^airs^{, s}^t^raitj^ack^ets^,^an^{d plas}^tic
^ha^nd^c^u^ffs.
⁽³⁾^{Stun guns,}^sho^c^{k b}^a^to^ns,^e^l^e^c^t^rⁱ^c^c^a^ttle
^p^r^o^d^s^,^im^m^o^b^iliz^a^tio^{n guns a}ⁿ^d^p^r^o^j^e^c^tile^s,
^oth^e^{r th}^an^equⁱ^pm^en^{t u}^s^{ed ex}^clu^s^iv^ely^to
^{treat or tran}^qu^{ilize an}^im^als^an^{d arm}^s
^{(4) T}^echⁿ^o^log^y^ex^clu^s^iv^ely^f^o^{r th}^e
^dev^e^l^opm^en^t^{or produ}^ctⁱ^oⁿ^of^el^ect^ro-^s^h^o^ck
^devⁱ^ces^.”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^“⁽^{5) Pepper g}^a^s^w^eapon^s^an^{d s}^a^ps^.
⁽⁶⁾^Aⁿ^y^o^t^h^e^r^item^o^r^techⁿ^o^lo^g^y^th^e
^Secretary^determⁱⁿ^es^is^{a s}^p^ecially^desⁱ^gⁿ^e^d
ⁱⁿ^str^u^m^eⁿ^t^o^f^to^r^t^u^r^{e o}^r^{is esp}^ecially
^s^u^s^{ceptible to abu}^s^{e as}^anⁱⁿ^s^t^ru^m^eⁿ^t^of
^to^r^t^u^r^e.”
^N^o^C^o^m^p^arabl^e^Provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 312 Meas}^u^r^es^t^o^Prot^ect^t^h^{e Pu}^blⁱ^c^H^eal^t^h^{. T}^hⁱ^s^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^requⁱ^r^es^{a l}ⁱ^cen^s^e^f^o^{r t}^h^e
^ex^p^o^r^{t o}^f^{test ar}^{ticles o}^r^ex^p^e^rⁱ^m^eⁿ^t^{al d}^r^u^g^sⁱⁿ^ten^d^ed^f^o^r^clin^{ical in}^v^e^stig^atioⁿ^s^oⁿ^h^u^m^an
^su^b^j^{ects. T}^h^{e sectio}ⁿ^{list cr}^iterⁱ^{a an}^dⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^r^e^q^u^ir^ed^f^o^r^{a licen}^{se, r}^e^q^u^ir^ed^r^e^p^o^r^{ts to}
^{be f}^u^rn^is^h^e^{d to C}^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^by^th^{e P}^r^es^iden^{t, an}^{d cou}ⁿ^t^ries^ex^em^{pted f}^r^om^th^is^prov^is^ion^.
^N^o^C^o^m^p^arabl^e^Provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec. 313 Prom}^otⁱ^oⁿ^of^S^a^f^e^En^vⁱ^ron^m^en^t^s^{. T}^hⁱ^s^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^au^t^h^ori^zes^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^t^o
^p^r^o^h^ib^{it th}^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^p^e^sticid^{es f}^o^r^h^u^m^an^h^ealth^o^r^en^vⁱ^r^oⁿ^m^en^{t r}^easoⁿ^{s. I}^t^also^r^e^q^u^ir^es
^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t to}^r^e^p^o^r^{t to}^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess o}ⁿ^th^{e sco}^p^e^o^f^ex^p^o^r^{ts o}^f^ch^em^{icals an}^d^p^e^sticid^es
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^b^a^nne^d^o^r^hi^ghl^y^r^e^gul^a^t^e^d^b^y^t^h^e^Uⁿⁱ^t^e^d^St^a^t^e^s^o^r^b^yⁱⁿ^t^e^rⁿ^a^tⁱ^o^na^l^c^o^nve^ntⁱ^o^ns.^I^t^a^l^so
^g/w^r^e^q^u^ir^{es th}^{e GA}^{O to}^ev^alu^a^{te th}^{e cu}^r^r^eⁿ^t^{U.S. sy}^stem^o^f^p^e^sticid^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t r}^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^,
^s^.or^c^o^m^p^a^r^eⁱ^t^wⁱ^t^h^o^t^he^r^O^E^CD^c^o^unt^rⁱ^e^s^,^aⁿ^d^t^o^sugge^stⁱ^m^p^r^o^v^e^m^eⁿ^t^s^.

^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^Tⁱ^{tle I}^V^{- E}^x^{port L}ⁱ^cens^e^and^Dis^{pute Res}^o^{lution Procedures}
^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^{Sec 401 Ex}^{port L}ⁱ^cen^s^e^P^r^ocedu^r^es^{. T}^h^is^s^ection^ou^tlin^es^th^{e ex}^port^licen^s^e^application^proces^s^.^In^th^{e application}^revⁱ^ew^proc^e^ss,^the
^Ho^u^s^{e v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^s^allo^w^s^f^o^r^cer^tain^d^e^r^o^g^a^tioⁿ^s^f^r^o^m^p^r^o^cessin^g^tim^{e p}^e^rⁱ^o^d^s^{. T}^h^{e Ho}^u^s^{e v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^s^also^alter^cer^tain^p^r^o^ced^u^r^{es in}^th^e
^clas^sⁱ^fⁱ^cation^proces^s^{to allow}^f^o^{r appeal of}^{a decis}ⁱ^on^of^th^{e Secretary}^of^C^o^m^m^e^rce^by^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State or Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^e.
^S^ec.401(g⁾^“^E^x^ceptⁱ^oⁿ^s^f^r^om^R^e^quⁱ^r^ed^S^{ec 401(g}^{)(1) “}^A^g^r^eem^en^t^of^t^h^{e A}^pplⁱ^can^t^;^C^o^m^p^l^e^xⁱ^t^y^of^Aⁿ^al^y^s^es^{, N}^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^a^l^S^ecu^ri^t^y
^Tⁱ^m^e^P^e^ri^ods^{. (1) A}^g^reem^en^t^of^t^h^e^Im^{pact -}
^A^p^p^lican^{t -}^Delay^s^u^p^oⁿ^w^h^ich^th^e^(A^{) A}^g^reem^en^{t of}^th^{e A}^pplican^{t -}^Delay^s^u^pon^w^h^ich^th^{e Secretary}^an^{d th}^{e applican}^t
^Secretary^an^{d th}^{e applican}^{t m}^u^tu^ally^ag^ree.”^m^u^tu^ally^ag^ree.
^(B^{) C}^O^MP^L^E^XIT^Y^{OF A}^N^A^L^YSIS-^A^revⁱ^ewⁱⁿ^g^d^e^partm^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^requ^ires^m^o^{re tim}^e
^d^u^{e to}^th^{e co}^m^p^lex^ity^o^f^th^{e an}^aly^s^{is, if}^th^{e ad}^d^itioⁿ^a^{l tim}^{e is n}^o^{t m}^o^r^e^th^an⁶⁰^d^a^y^s^.
^(C^{) NA}^T^I^ONA^L^S^E^C^U^R^I^T^Y^IMP^A^C^T^-^A^revⁱ^ewⁱⁿ^g^depart^m^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^requⁱ^r^es
^ad^d^itioⁿ^a^{l tim}^{e b}^ecau^{se o}^f^th^{e p}^o^t^en^{tial im}^p^{act o}ⁿ^th^{e n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^rity^o^r^f^o^reigⁿ^p^o^licy
ⁱⁿ^ter^e^{sts o}^f^th^{e Un}^ited^{States, if}^th^{e ad}^d^itioⁿ^a^{l tim}^{e is n}^o^{t m}^o^r^e^th^an⁶⁰^d^a^y^s^.
⁽⁸⁾^I^N^T^E^L^L^I^{GENCE A}^G^ENCI^ES-^Delay^sⁿ^ecessar^y^to^o^b^t^ainⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^o^r^assessm^en^ts
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^f^r^o^mⁱⁿ^tellig^en^{ce ag}^en^cies.”
^g/w
^s^.or^S^{ec 401(h}⁾^“^C^l^a^s^sⁱ^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^R^e^qu^es^t^s^S^{ec 401(h}^{)(1) “}^C^L^A^S^S^I^F^I^C^A^T^I^O^N^R^E^Q^U^E^S^T^-
^le^ak^{(1) In}^an^y^cas^{e in}^w^h^ich^th^{e Secretary}^receiv^e^{s a w}^r^itten^req^u^{est ask}ⁱⁿ^g^f^o^{r th}^e^(A^{) NOT}^IFIC^A^T^{ION OF OT}^HER^A^G^ENC^I^ES-^In^an^y^cas^{e in}^w^h^ich^th^{e Secretary}^receiv^e^s^{a w}^r^itten^r^e^q^u^{est ask}ⁱⁿ^g^f^o^r^th^{e p}^r^o^p^e^r^classifⁱ^catioⁿ^o^f^an^item^oⁿ^th^{e Co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^{st o}^r^th^e
^://wiki^{proper cl}^as^sⁱ^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^of^anⁱ^t^e^m^on^t^h^e^Coⁿ^t^r^o^{l L}ⁱ^{st o}^r^th^{e ap}^p^licab^ility^o^f^licen^sin^g^ap^p^licab^ility^o^f^licen^sin^g^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts u}ⁿ^d^er^th^{is title, th}^{e Secr}^etar^y^sh^{all p}^r^o^m^p^tlyⁿ^o^tif^y^th^{e Secretary}^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, th}^{e Secretary}^of^St^{ate, an}^{d th}^{e h}^{ead of}^an^y^oth^e^{r departm}^eⁿ^t^or
^h^ttp^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts u}ⁿ^d^er^th^{is title, th}^{e Secr}^etar^y^ag^en^cy^of^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^th^{at th}^{e Secretary}^con^s^iders^{appropriate, of}^th^{e requ}^es^t.
^sh^{all p}^r^o^m^p^tlyⁿ^o^tif^y^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^o^f^(B^{) DET}^E^R^M^INA^T^{ION; R}^E^SOL^U^T^I^{ON OF DISP}^UT^ES-^T^h^{e Secretary}^sh^{all m}^a^k^e^th^e
^Def^eⁿ^s^{e an}^{d th}^{e h}^{ead of}^an^y^departm^eⁿ^t^or^determⁱⁿ^ation^reg^a^rdin^g^{proper clas}^sⁱ^fⁱ^cation^w^ithⁱⁿ^{14 day}^s^af^{ter receiv}ⁱⁿ^g^th^{e requ}^es^{t an}^d
^ag^en^cy^th^{e Secretary}^con^s^iders^appropriate.ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^th^{e p}^e^r^s^oⁿ^m^a^kⁱⁿ^g^th^{e r}^e^q^u^{est o}^f^su^ch^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^.^I^f^an^o^b^j^ectioⁿ^{is r}^a^ised^b^y^th^e
^T^h^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all, w}^ithⁱⁿ^{14 day}^s^af^ter^Secretary^of^{State or th}^{e Secr}^etary^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e reg}^a^rdin^g^th^{e Secretary}^'^s^determⁱⁿ^ation^w^ithⁱⁿ
^receivⁱⁿ^g^th^{e requ}^es^{t, in}^f^o^rm^th^{e pers}^on^t^h^a^t^tⁱ^m^e^p^e^rⁱ^o^d^,^t^h^e^dⁱ^sa^gr^e^e^m^eⁿ^t^sha^l^l^b^e^r^e^so^l^v^e^d^t^h^r^o^{ugh t}^h^eⁱⁿ^t^e^r^a^ge^nc^y^r^e^so^l^u^tⁱ^oⁿ
^m^a^kⁱⁿ^g^t^h^{e requ}^es^t^of^t^h^{e proper}^proces^s^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{402, ex}^cept^t^h^at^an^y^s^u^ch^di^s^a^g^r^eem^en^t^s^h^al^l^{be res}^o^l^v^{ed w}ⁱ^t^hⁱⁿ
^clas^sⁱ^fⁱ^cation^.^”^{60 day}^s^.”
^{Sec. 402 In}^terag^eⁿ^c^y^Dis^p^u^t^{e R}^e^s^o^lu^tion^P^r^oces^s^.^T^h^{e HA}^SC^v^e^rs^ion^of^th^{e m}^odifⁱ^es^th^{e in}^{itial ph}^as^{e of}^th^{e dis}^p^u^t^{e res}^o^lu^tion^proces^s^t^o
^requ^{ire con}^s^en^s^u^s^of^{all ag}^en^cies^{, an}^{d m}^aⁿ^d^ates^denⁱ^{al of}^licen^s^e^application^s^th^{at do n}^o^{t receiv}^e^con^s^en^s^u^s^.^A^{ll th}^{ree v}^e^rs^ioⁿ^s^directs^th^e
^Secretary^{to es}^tablis^h^f^u^rth^e^{r rev}ⁱ^ew^an^d^{appeal procedu}^r^es^{, y}^e^{t each}^pres^cribes^di^f^f^e^ren^t^{criteria f}^o^{r u}ⁿ^d^ertakⁱⁿ^g^th^{at appeal}^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec (402)(b)(1) “}^I^NIT^I^A^L^R^E^S^O^L^U^T^I^ON-^T^h^e^Secretary^s^h^{all es}^tablis^h^,^s^e^{lect th}^e^S^{ec (402)(b)(1) “}^I^NIT^I^A^L^R^E^S^O^L^U^T^I^ON-
^ch^air^p^er^soⁿ^o^f^{, an}^d^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{e p}^r^o^ced^u^r^{es f}^o^r^anⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^co^m^m^{ittee to}^r^e^vⁱ^ewⁱⁿ^itially^T^h^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all es}^tablis^h^,^s^e^{lect th}^e
^{all licen}^{se ap}^p^licatioⁿ^s^d^e^scrⁱ^b^e^dⁱⁿ^su^b^s^ectioⁿ⁽^a⁾^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^w^h^ich^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^an^d^ch^airpers^oⁿ^of^{, an}^{d determ}ⁱⁿ^{e procedu}^r^es
^an^y^of^th^{e ref}^e^{rral departm}^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d ag}^en^cies^{are n}^o^{t in}^ag^reem^en^{t. T}^h^{e ch}^airpers^oⁿ^s^h^all^f^o^r^anⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^co^m^m^{ittee to}^r^e^vⁱ^ew
^coⁿ^s^id^er^th^{e p}^o^s^itioⁿ^s^o^f^{all th}^{e r}^e^f^e^r^r^{al d}^e^p^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^{s an}^d^ag^en^{cies (}^w^hⁱ^ch^sh^{all b}^eⁱⁿ^clu^d^edⁱⁿ^itially^{all licen}^{se ap}^p^licatioⁿ^s^d^e^scrⁱ^b^e^dⁱⁿ
ⁱⁿ^th^{e m}ⁱⁿ^u^t^es^des^c^{ribed in}^s^u^bs^ection^{(c)(2)) an}^{d m}^a^k^e^{a decis}ⁱ^on^on^th^{e licen}^s^e^su^b^s^ectioⁿ⁽^a⁾^w^ith^r^e^sp^{ect to}^w^h^ich^th^e
^ap^p^licatioⁿ^,ⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^ap^p^r^o^p^r^{iate r}^e^vⁱ^sioⁿ^{s o}^r^coⁿ^d^itioⁿ^s^th^er^eto^.^”^Secretary^an^{d an}^y^of^th^{e ref}^e^rral
^departm^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d ag}^en^cies^{are n}^o^{t in}
^ag^reem^en^{t. T}^h^{e com}^m^itt^{ee s}^h^{all con}^s^{ider th}^e
^p^o^s^itioⁿ^s^o^f^{all th}^{e r}^e^f^e^r^r^{al d}^e^p^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^{s an}^d
^ag^en^cies^(w^hⁱ^ch^s^h^{all be in}^clu^d^{ed in}^th^e
^mⁱⁿ^u^t^es^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^s^u^bs^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{(c)(2)) an}^d
^m^a^k^e^{a decis}ⁱ^on^on^th^{e licen}^s^e^application^,
ⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^ap^p^r^o^p^r^{iate r}^e^vⁱ^sioⁿ^{s o}^r^coⁿ^d^itioⁿ^s
^th^{ereto, ex}^{cept th}^{at an}^y^decisⁱ^on^of^th^e
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^co^m^m^{ittee is n}^o^{t v}^a^lid^uⁿ^l^{ess it is}^unaⁿⁱ^m^o^us.^I^f^suc^h^a^unaⁿⁱ^m^o^{us d}^e^cⁱ^si^oⁿⁱ^s
^g/wⁿ^o^{t reach}^{ed, th}^{e licen}^s^e^{at is}^s^u^{e s}^h^{all be}
^s^.or^denⁱ^{ed, u}ⁿ^l^es^s^th^{e m}^a^{tter is}^{appealed u}ⁿ^d^er
^le^ak^parag^r^aph^(3).”

^://wiki
^h^ttp

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec 402(b)(3) -}^F^u^rt^h^e^{r R}^e^s^o^l^u^tⁱ^oⁿ^.^S^{ec 402(b)(3) “}^F^U^R^T^H^ER^R^E^S^O^L^U^T^I^O^N^-^S^{ec 402(b)(3) “}^F^U^R^T^H^ER^R^E^S^O^L^U^T^I^O^N^-
^“⁽³⁾^FUR^T^HER^R^E^SOL^U^T^I^ON-^T^h^e^T^h^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all estab}^lish^ad^d^itioⁿ^a^l^T^h^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all estab}^lish^ad^d^itioⁿ^a^l
^P^r^esid^en^{t sh}^{all estab}^lish^ad^d^itioⁿ^a^{l lev}^e^{ls f}^o^r^lev^e^ls^f^o^{r rev}ⁱ^ew^{or appeal of}^an^y^m^a^tter^lev^e^ls^f^o^{r rev}ⁱ^ew^{or appeal of}^an^y^m^a^tter
^revⁱ^ew^{or appeal of}^an^y^m^a^{tter th}^{at can}ⁿ^o^t^th^{at can}ⁿ^o^{t b}^e^r^e^so^lv^ed^p^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^th^e^th^{at can}ⁿ^o^{t b}^e^r^e^so^lv^ed^p^u^r^s^u^aⁿ^t^to^th^e
^{be res}^o^l^v^{ed pu}^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^t^h^{e proces}^s^proces^s^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^parag^r^aph^{(1). Each}^proces^s^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^parag^r^aph^{(1). Each}
^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^parag^r^aph^{(1). Each}^s^u^ch^s^u^ch^revⁱ^ew^s^h^{all en}^s^u^{re th}^{at m}^a^tters^are^s^u^ch^revⁱ^ew^s^h^all–
^revⁱ^ew^s^h^all–^r^e^so^lv^ed^o^r^r^e^f^e^r^r^e^d^to^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t n}^o^{t later}^(A^{) prov}ⁱ^d^{e f}^o^{r deci}^sⁱ^on^-^m^akⁱⁿ^g^bas^e^{d on}
^(A^)provⁱ^{de f}^o^{r deci}^sⁱ^on^-^m^akⁱⁿ^g^bas^e^{d on}^th^an⁹⁰^d^a^y^s^af^ter^th^{e co}^m^p^leted^licen^se^th^{e co}ⁿ^c^u^r^r^eⁿ^{ce o}^f^th^{e p}^a^r^ticip^atin^g
^th^{e m}^a^j^o^r^ity^v^o^{te o}^f^th^{e p}^a^r^ticip^atin^g^application^is^ref^e^{rred by}^th^{e Secretary}^.^”^departm^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d ag}^en^cies^;
^departm^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d ag}^en^cies^;^(B^{) prov}^{ide th}^{at a departm}^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^th^at
^(B^{) prov}^{ide th}^{at a departm}^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^th^at^f^a^{ils to}^tak^e^{a tim}^ely^p^o^s^itioⁿ^,^citin^g^th^e
^f^a^{ils to}^tak^e^{a tim}^ely^p^o^s^itioⁿ^,^citin^g^th^e^s^p^ecifⁱ^{c s}^t^atu^t^ory^an^{d reg}^u^l^atory^bas^e^s^f^o^{r a}
^s^p^ecifⁱ^{c s}^t^atu^t^ory^an^{d reg}^u^l^atory^bas^e^s^f^o^{r a}^p^o^s^itioⁿ^,^sh^{all b}^e^d^eem^ed^to^h^a^v^eⁿ^o
^p^o^s^itioⁿ^,^sh^{all b}^e^d^eem^ed^to^h^a^v^eⁿ^o^o^b^j^ectioⁿ^to^th^{e p}^eⁿ^dⁱⁿ^g^d^ecisioⁿ^;
^o^b^j^ectioⁿ^to^th^{e p}^eⁿ^dⁱⁿ^g^d^ecisioⁿ^;^(C^{) prov}^{ide th}^{at an}^y^decisⁱ^on^of^an
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^(C^{) prov}^{ide th}^{at an}^y^decisⁱ^on^of^anⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^co^m^m^{ittee estab}^lish^e^d^uⁿ^d^erⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^co^m^m^{ittee estab}^lish^e^d^uⁿ^d^er^p^a^r^a^gr^a^p^{h (}¹⁾^o^rⁱⁿ^t^e^r^a^ge^nc^y^dⁱ^sp^ut^e
^g/w^p^a^r^a^gr^a^p^{h (}¹⁾^o^rⁱⁿ^t^e^r^a^ge^nc^y^dⁱ^sp^ut^e^r^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^p^r^o^{cess estab}^lish^e^d^uⁿ^d^er^th^is
^s^.or^r^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^p^r^o^{cess estab}^lish^e^d^uⁿ^d^er^th^is^parag^r^aph^m^a^y^{be es}^{calated to th}^{e n}^e^x^t
^le^ak^parag^r^aph^m^a^y^{be es}^{calated to th}^{e n}^e^x^t^hⁱ^g^h^e^{r lev}^e^{l of}^revⁱ^ew^{at th}^{e requ}^es^{t of}^an
^hⁱ^g^h^e^{r lev}^e^{l of}^revⁱ^ew^{at th}^{e requ}^es^{t of}^an^of^fⁱ^ci^al^appoiⁿ^t^{ed by}^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^,^by^an^d
^://wiki^of^fⁱ^ci^al^appoiⁿ^t^{ed by}^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t^,^by^an^d^w^ith^th^{e adv}ⁱ^{ce of}^th^{e Sen}^a^{te, or an}^of^fⁱ^cer
^h^ttp^w^ith^th^{e adv}ⁱ^{ce of}^th^{e Sen}^a^{te, or an}^of^fⁱ^cer^properly^actin^gⁱⁿ^s^u^ch^capacity^{, of}^a
^properly^actin^gⁱⁿ^s^u^ch^capacity^{, of}^a^departm^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^th^{at participated in}^th^e
^departm^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^th^{at participated in}^th^eⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^co^m^m^{ittee o}^r^dⁱ^sp^u^t^{e r}^e^so^lu^tioⁿ
ⁱⁿ^ter^a^g^eⁿ^c^y^co^m^m^{ittee o}^r^dⁱ^sp^u^t^{e r}^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^proces^s^th^{at m}^a^{de th}^{e decis}ⁱ^on^{; an}^d
^proces^s^th^{at m}^a^{de th}^{e decis}ⁱ^on^;^{(D) en}^s^u^{re th}^{at m}^a^tters^{are res}^o^lv^{ed or}
^{(D) en}^s^u^{re th}^{at m}^a^tters^{are res}^o^lv^{ed or}^r^e^f^e^r^r^ed^to^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t n}^o^{t later}^th^an⁹⁰
^r^e^f^e^r^r^ed^to^th^{e P}^r^esid^en^{t n}^o^{t later}^th^an⁹⁰^d^a^y^s^af^ter^th^{e d}^a^{te th}^{e co}^m^p^leted^licen^se
^d^a^y^s^af^ter^th^{e d}^a^{te th}^{e co}^m^p^leted^licen^se^application^is^ref^e^{rred by}^th^{e Secretary}^.
^application^is^ref^e^{rred by}^th^{e Secretary}^.^”^I^f^coⁿ^c^u^r^r^eⁿ^{ce o}^f^th^{e p}^a^r^ticip^atin^g
^departm^eⁿ^t^s^an^{d ag}^en^cies^isⁿ^o^{t reach}^{ed at a}
^lev^e^{l o}^f^r^e^vⁱ^ew^estab^lish^e^d^uⁿ^d^er^th^is
^parag^r^aph^,^th^{e licen}^s^e^{at is}^s^u^{e s}^h^{all be}
^denⁱ^{ed u}ⁿ^l^es^s^th^{e m}^a^{tter is}^es^{calated to th}^e
^ne^xt^hi^ghe^r^l^e^ve^l^o^f^r^e^vi^e^w^o^r^t^h^e^P^r^e^sⁱ^d^eⁿ^t
^d^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^{es o}^t^h^e^r^w^ise.”
^S^{ec 506 Pos}^t^-^S^hⁱ^pm^en^t^V^e^ri^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^s^{. T}^h^{e H}^o^u^s^{e v}^e^rsⁱ^oⁿ^s^ex^pan^d^t^h^{e t}^a^rg^et^s^f^o^{r pos}^t^-^s^hⁱ^p^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^ri^fⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^s^an^{d con}^t^aiⁿ^s^broader^m^aⁿ^d^ates
^f^o^{r den}^yⁱⁿ^g^licen^s^e^s^{to en}^d-^u^s^ers^an^{d to cou}ⁿ^t^ries^w^h^e^r^e^p^o^s^t^-^shi^p^m^e^nt^ve^rⁱ^fi^c^a^tⁱ^o^{ns ha}^ve^b^e^eⁿ^r^e^fuse^d^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec 506(f}⁾^“^P^O^S^T^-^S^H^IPMEN^T^S^{ec 506(f}⁾^“^P^O^S^T^-^S^H^IPMEN^T^V^E^R^I^F^I^C^A^T^I^O^N
^VER^I^FIC^A^T^I^ON-^T^h^{e Secretary}^s^h^{all targ}^et⁽¹^{) FOR}^C^E^R^T^A^I^{N EXP}^O^R^T^{S A}^{ND C}^OUNT^R^I^ES-^T^h^{e Secretary}^sh^{all targ}^{et p}^o^s^t-
^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^s^to^ex^p^o^r^ts^shi^p^m^e^nt^ve^rⁱ^fi^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns--
ⁱⁿ^v^o^lvⁱⁿ^g^th^{e g}^r^{eatest r}ⁱ^sk^toⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^l⁽^A⁾^to^ex^p^o^r^{ts in}^v^o^lvⁱⁿ^g^th^{e g}^r^{eatest r}ⁱ^sk^toⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^{; an}^d
^s^ecu^rity^.”^(B^{) to}^th^o^s^{e co}^uⁿ^t^{ries id}^en^tif^ied^b^y^th^{e Directo}^r^o^f^Cen^t^{ral In}^tellig^en^{ce in}^th^{e m}^o^{st recen}^t
^{report th}^{at w}^a^s^s^u^bm^{itted to C}^oⁿ^g^r^es^s^uⁿ^d^{er s}^ection^{721 of}^th^{e In}^tellig^en^{ce A}^u^th^orization
^A^c^{t f}^o^{r Fis}^{cal Year 1997 on}^th^{e acqu}ⁱ^s^ition^an^{d s}^u^pply^by^f^o^reigⁿ^couⁿ^t^ries^of^du^al-^u^s^e
ⁱ^t^e^m^s^an^{d ot}^h^e^{r t}^echⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^u^s^ef^u^l^f^o^{r t}^h^{e dev}^e^l^opm^en^t^{or produ}^ctⁱ^oⁿ^of^w^eapon^s^of^m^a^s^s
^d^e^str^u^ctioⁿ^.
⁽²^{) C}^ONDUC^T^{OF VER}^I^FIC^A^T^I^ONS-^T^h^{e Secretary}^m^a^y^,^w^ith^th^{e co}ⁿ^c^u^rren^{ce o}^f^th^e
^Secretary^of^State-^-
⁽^A⁾^u^{tilize em}^b^a^ssy^p^e^r^s^oⁿⁿ^e^{l to}^coⁿ^d^u^c^{t p}^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^s^{; an}^d
⁽^B⁾^estab^lish^g^uⁱ^d^e^lin^{es an}^d^r^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^allo^wⁱⁿ^g^Un^ited^{States p}^e^r^s^oⁿ^{s to}^coⁿ^d^u^c^{t th}^o^s^e
^ve^rⁱ^fi^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns.^”
^S^{ec 506(g}⁾^{(3) “}^R^EF^US^A^L^{BY C}^OUNT^R^Y^-^S^{ec 506(g}^{)(3) “}^R^EF^US^A^L^{BY C}^OUNT^R^Y^-^(A^{) If}^{a cou}ⁿ^t^ry^w^ith^w^h^ich^th^{e Un}^{ited S}^t^ates
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^If^th^{e cou}ⁿ^t^ryⁱⁿ^w^h^ich^th^{e en}^d-^u^s^{er is}^h^a^{s en}^ter^e^dⁱⁿ^to^an^ag^r^eem^en^{t p}^r^o^v^idⁱⁿ^g^f^o^r^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^s^r^e^p^eated^ly^o^b^s^tr^u^c^ts
^g/w^lo^cated^r^e^f^u^{ses to}^allo^w^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^{or ot}^h^e^rwⁱ^s^{e den}ⁱ^es^t^h^{e pos}^t^-^s^hⁱ^p^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^ri^fⁱ^cation^of^con^t^{rolled item}^s^{, th}^{e Secretary}^s^h^all
^s^.or^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^o^f^{a co}ⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^,^th^e^d^eⁿ^y^{a licen}^{se f}^o^r^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^th^o^s^{e item}^s^o^r^an^y^su^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical o}^r^dⁱ^r^ectly
^le^ak^Secretary^m^a^y^den^y^{a licen}^s^e^f^o^{r th}^{e ex}^port^co^m^p^etitiv^{e item}^s^o^r^{class o}^f^item^s^to^{all en}^d^u^s^er^{s in}^th^{at co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^uⁿ^{til su}^ch^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t
^o^f^th^{at item}^,^an^y^su^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical o}^r^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^{is allo}^w^e^d^.
^://wiki^dⁱ^r^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e item}^o^r^{class o}^f^item^s^,⁽^B⁾^I^f^th^{e co}^uⁿ^t^r^yⁱⁿ^w^h^ich^an^en^d^u^s^er^{is lo}^cated^r^e^f^u^{ses to}^allo^w^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ
^h^ttp^an^y^item^th^{at th}^{e Secretary}^determⁱⁿ^es^{to be}^of^{a con}^t^{rolled item}^,^w^h^eth^e^{r or n}^o^{t th}^{e Un}^{ited States}^h^a^s^an^ag^reem^en^{t w}^ith^th^{at cou}ⁿ^t^ry
^o^f^eq^u^a^{l o}^r^g^r^eater^sen^s^itiv^ity^th^an^th^e^prov^idin^g^f^o^{r pos}^t-^s^h^ipm^eⁿ^t^v^e^rifⁱ^cation^s^{, th}^{e Secretary}^m^a^y^den^y^{a licen}^s^e^f^o^{r th}^{e ex}^{port of}
^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^,^o^r^an^y^coⁿ^t^r^o^lled^item^f^o^r^th^{at item}^o^r^an^y^su^b^s^tan^tially^id^en^{tical o}^r^dⁱ^r^ectly^co^m^p^etitiv^{e item}^o^r^{class o}^f^item^s^to^all
^w^h^ich^{a d}^e^ter^mⁱⁿ^atioⁿ^h^a^{s n}^o^{t b}^een^m^a^d^e^en^d^u^s^er^{s in}^th^{at co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^uⁿ^{til su}^ch^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^{is allo}^w^e^d^.^”
^pu^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{211 t}^o^al^l^en^d-^u^s^ersⁱⁿ^(“^repeatedly^{” is}^s^t^ru^ck^f^r^om^th^{e HA}^SC^v^e^rs^ion⁾
^th^{at co}^uⁿ^t^r^y^uⁿ^{til su}^ch^p^o^s^t-^sh^ip^m^eⁿ^t
^v^e^rⁱ^fⁱ^catioⁿ^{is allo}^w^e^d^.^”
^S^{ec. 506(p) Ex}^pi^ratⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^{e A}^c^t

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As pa}^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^S^{ec 506 (p)(2) “}^L^IMIT^A^T^IO^N^-^T^h^e^S^{ec 506 (p)(2) “}^T^ER^MIN^A^T^I^O^N^-^T^h^{e au}^t^h^ori^t^y^g^r^an^t^e^{d by}^t^hⁱ^s^A^c^t^s^h^al^l^t^e^rmⁱⁿ^at^{e on}
^au^th^o^r^ity^g^r^an^ted^b^y^th^{is A}^c^{t sh}^{all ter}^mⁱⁿ^ate^Decem^{ber 31, 2005.”}

^on^S^e^pt^em^{ber 30, 2004, u}ⁿ^l^es^s^t^h^{e Pres}ⁱ^d^en^t
^car^rⁱ^{es o}^u^{t th}^{e f}^o^llo^wⁱⁿ^g^d^u^ties:
⁽^A⁾^P^r^o^v^id^{es to}^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess a d}^e^tailed^r^e^p^o^r^t
^on^-^-
⁽ⁱ⁾^th^{e im}^p^l^em^en^tatioⁿ^an^d^o^p^e^r^a^tioⁿ^o^f^th^is
^A^c^{t; an}^d
⁽ⁱⁱ⁾^th^{e o}^p^e^r^a^tioⁿ^o^f^Un^ited^{States ex}^p^o^r^t
^c^o^nt^r^o^l^sⁱⁿ^ge^ne^r^a^l^.
⁽^B⁾⁽ⁱ⁾^P^r^o^v^id^{es to}^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess leg}ⁱ^slativ^e
^ref^o^rm^propos^al^sⁱⁿ^conⁿ^ectⁱ^oⁿ^wⁱ^t^h^t^h^e
^report^des^c^ri^{bed i}ⁿ^s^u^bparag^r^aph^(A^);^or
⁽ⁱⁱ⁾^cer^tif^{ies to}^Coⁿ^g^r^{ess th}^{at n}^o^legⁱ^slativ^e
^ref^o^rm^s^{are n}^eces^s^a^ryⁱⁿ^conⁿ^ection^w^ith
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^s^u^ch^report^.^”
^g/w
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^Tⁱ^tl^{e V}^I^{- E}^x^p^o^{rt C}^oⁿ^t^rol^A^u^th^ori^t^{y an}^d^R^e^gu^l^a^ti^on^s
^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As P}^a^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^Deem^{ed Ex}^{port R}^e^g^u^l^ation^s
^N^o^C^o^m^p^arabl^e^Provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^“^S^{ec 601(c)(3)(c) IS}^S^U^A^N^C^E^O^F^R^E^G^U^L^A^T^IO^N^S^-
⁽³^{) R}^E^GUL^A^T^{IONS ON EXP}^O^R^T^{S T}^O^FOR^E^{IGN NA}^T^I^ONA^L^S^-^T^h^{e Secretary}^,^w^ith^th^e
^con^c^u^rren^{ce of}^th^{e Secretary}^of^{State an}^{d th}^{e S}^ecretary^of^Def^eⁿ^s^{e, s}^h^{all is}^s^u^{e reg}^u^l^ation^s^to
^g^o^v^e^rⁿ^th^{e r}^e^{lease o}^f^techⁿ^o^lo^g^y^to^{a f}^o^r^e^igⁿⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^{l w}^ithⁱⁿ^th^{e Un}^ited^{States an}^d^to
^estab^lish^ap^p^r^o^p^r^{iate p}^r^o^ced^u^r^{es an}^d^en^{tities to}^en^su^r^e^co^m^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^th^o^s^{e r}^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^.”
^S^{ec 602(2) Ex}^em^ptⁱ^oⁿ^f^r^om^Dⁱ^s^c^l^o^s^u^re
^{(2) IN}^F^O^R^M^A^T^IO^N^O^B^T^A^IN^ED^A^F^T^E^R^JU^N^E^{30, 1980-}^Ex^cept^as^ot^h^e^rwⁱ^s^{e prov}ⁱ^d^{ed by}^t^h^{e t}^hⁱ^r^{d s}^eⁿ^t^en^{ce of}^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{502(c)(2) an}^{d by}
^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{507(b)(2), i}ⁿ^f^o^rm^atⁱ^oⁿ^obt^aiⁿ^e^{d u}ⁿ^d^{er t}^hⁱ^s^A^c^t^,^uⁿ^d^{er t}^h^{e Ex}^port^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ratⁱ^oⁿ^A^c^t^of^{1979 af}^t^e^{r Ju}ⁿ^e^{30, 1980, or u}ⁿ^d^{er th}^e
^Ex^p^o^r^{t A}^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^r^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^{as m}^aⁱⁿ^tain^ed^an^d^am^en^d^e^d^uⁿ^d^er^th^{e au}^th^o^r^ity^o^f^th^{e I}ⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l Em}^er^g^eⁿ^c^y^Ecoⁿ^o^m^{ic P}^o^w^e^r^s^Ac^t
^{(50 U.S.C}^.^{1706), m}^a^y^{be w}^ith^h^e^{ld f}^r^om^dis^c^los^u^{re on}^ly^{to th}^e^ex^ten^t^perm^{itted by}^s^t^atu^t^{e, ex}^{cept th}^{at in}^f^o^rm^ation^s^u^bm^{itted, o}^bt^aiⁿ^e^{d, or}
^con^s^{idered in}^conⁿ^ection^w^ith^an^ap^p^licatioⁿ^f^o^r^an^ex^p^o^r^{t licen}^{se o}^r^o^t^h^e^r^ex^p^o^r^{t au}^th^o^r^izatioⁿ⁽^o^r^recordk^eepin^g^{or reportin}^g
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^requⁱ^r^em^en^t⁾^{, (en}^f^orcem^en^t^actⁱ^vⁱ^t^y^{, or ot}^h^e^{r operat}ⁱ^oⁿ^s^{) u}ⁿ^d^{er t}^h^{e Ex}^port^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^s^t^ratⁱ^oⁿ^A^c^t^of^{1979, u}ⁿ^d^{er t}^hⁱ^s^A^c^t^,^{or u}ⁿ^d^er^t^h^{e Ex}^port
^g/w^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ^r^e^g^u^l^atioⁿ^s^{as m}^aⁱⁿ^tain^ed^an^d^am^en^d^e^d^uⁿ^d^er^th^{e au}^th^o^r^ity^o^f^th^{e I}ⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l Em}^er^g^eⁿ^c^y^Ecoⁿ^o^m^{ic P}^o^w^e^r^s^A^c^{t (}⁵⁰
^s^.or^U^.^S^.^C^.^1706).
^le^ak^[^H^o^u^{se v}^e^r^s^ioⁿ^s^o^m^{it en}^f^o^r^cem^en^{t activ}^ity^{, o}^r^o^t^h^e^r^o^p^e^r^a^tioⁿ^s^.]
^://wiki^{Sec 602 (d)(3) C}ⁱ^v^{il P}^eⁿ^a^lties
^h^ttp^{(3) C}^I^VIL^P^E^NA^L^T^IES^;^A^D^MINIS^T^R^A^T^I^{VE S}^A^NC^T^I^ONS^-^T^h^{e S}^ecretary^m^a^y^im^pos^{e a civ}^{il pen}^a^lty^ofⁿ^o^{t m}^o^{re th}^an^{$5,000 f}^o^{r each}
^vi^o^l^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^f^p^a^r^a^gr^a^p^{h (}¹⁾^,^e^x^c^e^p^t^t^h^a^t^no^cⁱ^vi^l^p^e^na^l^t^y^m^a^y^b^e^im^pos^{ed on}^an^of^fⁱ^{cer or em}^ploy^{ee of}^th^{e Un}^{ited States}^{, or an}^y^depart^m^eⁿ^t
^{or ag}^en^cy^t^h^ereof^,^wⁱ^t^h^ou^t^t^h^{e con}^c^u^rren^{ce of}^t^h^{e depart}^m^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^em^pl^oyⁱⁿ^g^s^u^ch^of^fⁱ^{cer or em}^pl^oy^{ee. S}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^s^{503 (e), (g}^{), (h}^{), an}^d
^{(i) an}^{d 507 (a), (b), an}^{d (c) s}^h^{all apply}^{to action}^s^{to im}^pos^{e ci}^v^{il pen}^a^lties^uⁿ^d^{er th}^is^parag^r^aph^.^A^t^th^{e requ}^es^{t of}^th^{e Secr}^etary^,^a
^departm^eⁿ^t^{or ag}^en^cy^em^ployⁱⁿ^g^an^of^fⁱ^{cer or em}^ploy^{ee f}^o^uⁿ^d^(det^e^r^mⁱ^ne^d⁾^t^o^ha^ve^vi^o^l^a^t^e^d^p^a^r^a^gr^a^p^{h (}¹⁾^sha^l^l^d^e^ny^t^h^a^t^o^ffi^c^e^r^or
^em^ploy^{ee acces}^s^{to in}^f^o^rm^ation^ex^em^{pt f}^r^om^dis^c^los^u^{re u}ⁿ^d^{er th}^is^s^ection^.^Aⁿ^y^of^fⁱ^{cer or em}^ploy^{ee w}^h^{o com}^m^its^{a v}ⁱ^olation^of^pa^rag^r^aph
^{(1) m}^a^y^al^s^o^{be rem}^o^v^e^{d f}^r^om^of^fⁱ^{ce or em}^pl^oy^m^eⁿ^t^by^t^h^{e em}^pl^oyⁱⁿ^g^ag^en^cy^.
^Hou^s^{e v}^e^rs^ion^s^{replace “}^f^ouⁿ^d^{” w}^ith^“^d^etermⁱⁿ^e^d.”

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As P}^a^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^A^g^rⁱ^cu^ltu^r^a^{l Co}^m^m^o^d^{ities, Med}ⁱ^cin^e^{, Med}ⁱ^{cal Dev}ⁱ^{ces. T}^h^{is p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^th^{e Sen}^a^{te b}^{ill p}^r^eclu^d^{es ap}^p^licab^ility^o^f^th^{e A}^c^{t o}ⁿ^f^o^od,
^ag^rⁱ^cu^ltu^r^a^{l co}^m^m^o^d^{ities, m}^e^dⁱ^cin^e^{s, an}^d^m^e^dⁱ^{cal d}^e^vⁱ^{ces to}^r^e^m^aⁱⁿ^coⁿ^s^isten^t^w^ith^th^{e T}^r^ad^{e San}^c^tioⁿ^s^Ref^o^r^m^an^d^Ex^p^o^r^{t En}^h^aⁿ^c^em^en^t
^A^c^t^of^{2000 (P.L}^{. 106-}^387).
^{Sec. 603 A}^g^ricu^ltu^{ral C}^o^m^m^odities^,^No^Co^m^p^ar^ab^{le P}^r^o^v^isioⁿ

^Medicin^e^{, Medical Dev}ⁱ^ces^.
^A^P^P^L^IC^A^B^IL^IT^{Y OF}^T^R^A^D^E
^SA^NC^T^I^{ONS R}^E^FOR^M^A^{ND EXP}^O^R^T
^EN^H^A^N^C^EMEN^T^A^C^T^O^F^2000-^N^o^t^hⁱⁿ^g
ⁱⁿ^th^{is A}^c^{t au}^th^o^r^{izes th}^{e ex}^er^{cise o}^f
^au^th^o^r^ity^coⁿ^t^r^a^r^y^to^th^{e p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^s^o^f^th^e
^T^r^{ade San}^c^tion^s^R^e^f^o^rm^an^{d Ex}^port
^En^h^aⁿ^cem^en^t^A^c^t^of^{2000 (Pu}^b^lⁱ^c^L^a^w
^106-^387;^{114 S}^t^at^{. 1549, 549A}^-⁴⁵⁾
^ap^p^licab^{le to}^ex^p^o^r^{ts o}^f^ag^rⁱ^cu^ltu^r^a^l
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^co^m^m^o^d^{ities, m}^e^dⁱ^cin^e^{, o}^r^m^e^dⁱ^cal
^g/w^devⁱ^ces^.
^s^.or^b⁾^T^I^T^L^{E I}^I^L^I^MI^T^A^T^I^ON-^T^{itle I}^I^d^o^e^s
^le^akⁿ^o^t^au^t^h^ori^{ze ex}^port^con^t^rol^s^on^f^ood.
^{(c) T}^I^T^L^{E III L}^I^MIT^A^T^I^ON-^Ex^cept^as^s^e^t
^://wiki^f^o^rt^hⁱⁿ^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{906 of}^t^h^{e T}^r^{ade S}^aⁿ^c^tⁱ^oⁿ^s
^h^ttp^R^e^f^o^rm^an^{d Ex}^{port En}^h^aⁿ^cem^en^{t A}^c^{t of}
^{2000, title III does}ⁿ^o^{t au}^th^{orize ex}^port
^coⁿ^t^r^o^{ls o}ⁿ^ag^rⁱ^cu^ltu^r^a^{l co}^m^m^o^d^ities,
^m^e^dicin^e^{, or m}^e^{dical dev}ⁱ^ces^uⁿ^l^es^s^th^e
^procedu^r^es^s^e^t^f^o^rt^hⁱⁿ^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{903 of}^s^u^ch
^A^c^{t ar}^{e co}^m^p^lied^w^ith^.
⁽^d⁾^DEFI^NI^T^I^ON-^Iⁿ^th^{is sectio}ⁿ^,^th^{e ter}^m
^`^f^ood'^h^a^s^t^h^{e s}^a^m^e^m^eanⁱⁿ^g^as^t^h^at^t^e^rm
^h^a^s^uⁿ^d^{er s}^ectⁱ^oⁿ^201(f⁾^of^t^h^{e F}^e^deral
^F^{ood, D}^r^u^g^,^an^{d C}^o^s^m^etⁱ^c^A^c^t^{(21 U}^.^S^.^C^.
^321(f^)).

^Tit^l^{e VII -}^Ex^po^rt^{s o}^f^Sa^t^e^llit^es
^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As P}^a^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^No^Co^m^p^ar^ab^{le P}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^T^{itle VI}^I^-^Ex^p^o^r^{t o}^f^{Satellites -}^T^h^is^{Deletes T}^{itle VI}^I
^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^w^o^u^l^d^tr^an^sf^er^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^f^o^r
^licen^s^e^s^of^com^m^e^{rcial com}^m^uⁿⁱ^cation^s
^{satellites to}^th^{e Co}^m^m^e^r^{ce Dep}^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^f^r^o^m
^th^{e State Departm}^eⁿ^t^an^{d details}^ex^port
^licen^sⁱⁿ^g^procedu^r^esⁱⁿ^clu^dⁱⁿ^g^,^{(a) ref}^e^rral
^by^th^{e Secretary}^{to SecDef}^an^{d SecState an}^d
^oth^e^{r ag}^en^cies^{, (b) requ}^{ired con}^s^u^ltation^s
^w^ith^th^{e in}^tellig^en^{ce co}^m^m^uⁿ^ity^{, (}^c⁾^tim^e
^peri^ods^f^o^{r ref}^e^rral^s^{, an}^{d an}^{(d) i}ⁿ^t^e^rag^eⁿ^c^y
^di^s^p^u^t^{e res}^o^l^u^tⁱ^oⁿ^proces^s^.^S^{ec. 704}
^P^r^ov^ides^th^{at certain}^def^eⁿ^s^{e s}^e^rv^ices^or
^techⁿⁱ^{cal as}^sⁱ^s^t^an^{ce prov}^{ided in}^conⁿ^e^xⁱ^on
^w^ith^{satellite lau}ⁿ^c^h^e^{s f}^r^o^m^{, o}^r^b^yⁿ^a^tioⁿ^a^ls
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^of^th^{e P}^R^C^rem^aⁱⁿ^s^u^bj^{ect to State}
^g/w^Dep^a^r^t^m^eⁿ^t^j^u^rⁱ^sd^ictioⁿ^.
^s^.or
^le^ak^Tit^l^e^{VIII [}^T^it^le^{VII (}^S^eⁿ^a^t^e^-^H^A^SC)^]
^://wiki^S^{ec 801 (701) A}^nnua^l^Re^p^o^r^t^{- T}^hⁱ^s^se^c^tⁱ^o^{n d}^e^sc^rⁱ^b^e^{s r}^e^p^o^r^tⁱ^{ng e}^l^e^m^eⁿ^t^s^t^o^b^eⁱⁿ^c^l^ud^e^dⁱⁿ^t^h^e^A^nnua^l^Re^p^o^r^t^oⁿ^t^h^e^a^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^st^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^f^t^h^e^A^c^{t. Rep}^o^r^tin^g^elem^en^{t (}¹⁵⁾^{is d}ⁱ^f^f^e^r^eⁿ^tⁱⁿ^th^{e tw}^o^v^e^r^s^ioⁿ^s^.
^h^ttp
^{(15) “}^a^des^c^ri^ptⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^{e as}^s^e^s^s^m^en^t^m^a^de^{(15) “}^aⁿ^an^aly^s^is^an^{d ris}^k^as^s^e^s^s^m^en^{t of}^du^al-^u^s^e^Un^{ited States}^-^o^rigⁱⁿ^item^s^u^s^ef^u^l^f^o^{r th}^e
^pu^rs^u^aⁿ^t^t^o^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^{214, i}ⁿ^cl^u^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^dev^e^l^opm^en^t^{or produ}^ctⁱ^oⁿ^of^w^eapon^s^of^m^a^s^s^des^t^ru^ctⁱ^oⁿ^acquⁱ^{red by}^couⁿ^t^ri^esⁱ^d^en^tⁱ^fⁱ^e^d
^recom^m^eⁿ^d^ation^s^{to en}^s^u^{re th}^{at th}^{e def}^eⁿ^s^e^b^y^th^{e Directo}^r^o^f^th^{e Cen}^t^{ral In}^tellig^en^{ce in}^th^{e m}^o^{st recen}^{t rep}^o^r^{t su}^b^m^itted^to^Coⁿ^g^r^ess
ⁱⁿ^d^u^st^rⁱ^a^l^b^a^se⁽ⁱ^nc^l^u^dⁱ^{ng m}^a^nufa^c^t^urⁱ^ng)ⁱ^s^uⁿ^d^{er s}^ection^{721 of}^th^{e In}^tellig^en^{ce A}^u^th^orization^A^c^{t f}^o^{r Fis}^{cal Year 1997.”}
^su^f^fⁱ^cien^{t to}^p^r^o^t^{ect n}^a^tioⁿ^a^{l secu}^r^ity^.”
^(ref^ers^{to as}^s^e^s^s^m^en^ts^m^a^{de by}^th^{e Of}^fⁱ^{ce of}
^T^e^c^hno^lo^gy^A^sse^ssm^eⁿ^t.⁾
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec 802(702) T}^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^provⁱ^d^es^t^h^at^t^h^{e A}^c^t^doesⁿ^o^t^al^t^e^{r or af}^f^ect^an^y^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^of^t^h^e
^A^r^m^s^Ex^p^o^r^{t Co}ⁿ^t^r^o^{l A}^c^{t (}^A^ECA⁾^o^r^au^th^o^r^ity^d^e^leg^a^ted^to^th^{e Secr}^etar^y^o^f^{State b}^y^th^e
^P^r^es^iden^{t u}ⁿ^d^{er th}^{e A}^E^C^A^.
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec 803(703) T}^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^am^en^ds^t^h^{e N}^o^rt^h^K^o^{rea T}^h^reat^R^e^du^ctⁱ^oⁿ^A^c^t^of¹⁹⁹⁹
^(N^K^T^R^A^{) by}^requⁱ^rⁱⁿ^g^t^h^at^an^y^cooperatⁱ^v^{e arran}^g^e^m^eⁿ^t^{, l}ⁱ^cen^s^e^{, or approv}^al^f^o^{r t}^h^e
^tr^an^sf^er^o^fⁿ^u^c^lear^m^a^terⁱ^{al, f}^{acilities, co}^m^p^oⁿ^en^{ts, o}^r^techⁿ^o^lo^g^y^m^u^{st b}^e^ap^p^r^o^v^ed^b^y^a
^j^oⁱⁿ^t^res^o^l^u^tⁱ^oⁿ^pas^s^e^{d by}^bot^h^H^o^u^s^es^of^con^g^r^es^s^.^S^{ec. 804(704) prov}ⁱ^d^es^f^o^{r ex}^pedi^t^e^d
^p^r^o^ced^u^r^{es f}^o^r^th^{is j}^oⁱⁿ^{t r}^e^so^lu^tioⁿ^.

^S^.¹⁴⁹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹^H.R^.²⁵⁸¹
^{As P}^a^{ssed by}^t^h^{e Sena}^t^e^H^o^{use Int}^erna^t^io^na^{l Rela}^tⁱ^oⁿ^{s Co}^m^mⁱ^t^t^e^e^Hous^{e Arm}^e^{d Services}^Com^mⁱ^ttee
^N^o^com^p^arabl^e^provⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^S^{ec 805 (705) T}^hⁱ^s^s^ectⁱ^oⁿ^di^rect^s^t^h^{e O}^f^fⁱ^{ce of}^F^o^rei^gⁿ^A^s^s^e^t^s^C^oⁿ^t^rol^,^D^e^part^m^eⁿ^t^of^t^h^e
^T^r^eas^u^r^y^,^{to im}^plem^en^{t th}^{e recom}^m^eⁿ^d^ation^s^of^th^{e J}^u^{dicial R}^e^vⁱ^ew^C^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^on^f^o^reigⁿ
^as^s^e^{t con}^t^{rol to ex}^pan^d^an^{d en}^h^aⁿ^{ce th}^{e tran}^s^p^aren^cy^of^its^operation^s^an^{d decis}ⁱ^on^m^a^kⁱⁿ^g
^proces^sⁱⁿ^cl^u^dⁱⁿ^g^t^h^{e pu}^blⁱ^catⁱ^oⁿ^of^propos^{ed reg}^u^l^atⁱ^oⁿ^s^on^s^aⁿ^c^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^an^{d t}^h^{e prov}ⁱ^sⁱ^oⁿ^of
ⁱⁿ^terpretation^s^an^{d g}^uⁱ^dan^{ce to accom}^p^an^y^s^u^ch^reg^u^l^ation^s^.
^{No com}^p^{arable prov}^is^ion^S^{ec 806 (706) R}^e^qu^ires^th^{e m}^aⁿ^d^atory^au^tom^a^{tic f}^ilin^g^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e au}^tom^a^{ted ex}^{port s}^y^s^t^em
⁽^A^ES)^o^f^cer^tain^ex^p^o^r^{t licen}^{se ap}^p^licatioⁿ^s^{. Dir}^{ects SecState to}^coⁿ^c^lu^d^e^anⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ
^s^h^arin^g^arran^g^e^m^eⁿ^t^w^ith^th^{e U.S. C}^u^s^t^om^s^Serv^ices^an^{d th}^{e C}^eⁿ^s^u^s^B^u^reau^{to coordin}^a^te
ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^co^llected^b^y^{all th}^r^{ee ag}^en^{cies. P}^r^o^v^id^{es f}^o^rⁱⁿ^cr^eased^cr^imⁱⁿ^{al p}^eⁿ^a^{lties f}^o^r
^f^a^ilu^r^e^to^f^{ile o}^r^d^e^layⁱⁿ^f^ilin^g^o^f^ex^p^o^r^{t licen}^{se ap}^p^licatioⁿ^s^{, an}^d^p^r^o^v^id^{es f}^o^r^civ^{il p}^eⁿ^a^lties
^f^o^r^f^a^ilu^r^e^to^f^{ile o}^r^d^e^layⁱⁿ^f^ilin^g^.^P^r^o^v^id^{es f}^o^r^cr^imⁱⁿ^{al an}^d^civ^{il p}^eⁿ^a^{lties f}^o^r^kⁿ^o^wⁱⁿ^g^l^y
^f^a^ilin^g^to^f^{ile o}^r^f^ilin^g^mⁱ^sleadⁱⁿ^g^o^r^f^a^{lse ex}^p^o^r^{t in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^oⁿ^{a Sh}^ip^p^e^r^’^{s Ex}^p^o^r^t
^D^e^c^l^a^r^a^tⁱ^o^{n o}^r^t^h^r^o^{ugh t}^h^e^A^E^S.
^Civ^{il A}ⁱ^r^c^r^a^f^t^Saf^e^ty^-^T^h^{e Sen}^a^{te v}^e^r^s^ioⁿⁱⁿ^clu^d^{es th}^{is p}^r^o^v^isioⁿ^th^{at allo}^w^s^th^{e ex}^p^o^r^{t o}^f^item^s^o^r^techⁿ^o^lo^g^y^toⁱⁿ^su^r^e^f^lig^ht^sa^fe^t^y
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL31398}^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{t o}^f^co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial p}^a^ssen^g^e^r^air^c^r^a^f^t^.
^g/w
^s^.or^S^{ec. 702(k}⁾^“^C^IV^IL^A^I^R^C^R^A^F^T^S^A^F^E^T^Y^-^{No com}^p^{arable prov}^is^ion

^le^ak^No^tw^ith^stan^dⁱⁿ^g^an^y^o^t^h^e^r^p^r^o^v^isioⁿ^o^f^law^,^th^{e Secretary}^m^a^y^au^th^{orize, on}^{a cas}^e-^by^-
^://wiki^cas^{e bas}ⁱ^s^,^ex^ports^an^{d reex}^ports^of^civⁱ^l^aircraf^t^equⁱ^pm^en^{t an}^{d tech}ⁿ^o^log^y^th^{at are}
^h^ttpⁿ^ecessar^y^f^o^r^co^m^p^lian^{ce w}^ith^f^lig^h^t^saf^e^ty
^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts f}^o^r^co^m^m^e^r^c^{ial p}^a^ssen^g^e^r
^air^c^r^a^f^t^{. Flig}^h^t^saf^e^ty^r^e^q^u^ir^em^en^{ts ar}^e
^defⁱⁿ^e^{d as}^airw^orthⁱⁿ^es^s^directiv^es^is^s^u^{ed by}
^th^{e Fed}^e^r^a^{l A}^v^iatioⁿ^A^d^mⁱⁿⁱ^str^a^tioⁿ⁽^F^A^A⁾
^o^r^e^q^ui^p^m^eⁿ^t^m^a^nufa^c^t^ur^e^r^s'^m^aⁱⁿ^t^e^na^nc^e
ⁱⁿ^str^u^ctioⁿ^s^o^r^b^u^lletin^{s ap}^p^r^o^v^ed^o^r
^{accepted by}^th^{e FA}^A^f^o^{r th}^{e con}^tin^u^e^d
^airw^orthⁱⁿ^es^s^of^th^{e m}^aⁿ^u^f^actu^r^er’^s
^produ^ct^s^.^”