Side-by-Side Comparison of Climate Change Provisions in Omnibus Energy Legislation in the 110thCongress

^Pr^ep^ar^{ed f}^o^r^M^e^m^b^ers^an^d^Com^mⁱ^t^t^ees^of^C^ong^r^e^ss

In the 110^th Congress, the House and the Senate passed several different versions of omnibus
energy legislation containing provisions to address climate change and greenhouse gas emissions.
The House originally passed H.R. 6 in January 2007. The Senate passed an amended version in
June 2007. In August 2007, the House passed a new and broader-ranging omnibus energy bill,
H.R. 3221. On December 6, 2007, the House substituted the Senate’s text of H.R. 6 with an
amendment containing many provisions from H.R. 3221 and some from Senate-passed H.R. 6.
On December 13, the Senate again passed an amended H.R. 6. This report compares climate-
specific provisions in the various energy bills.
The version of H.R. 6 passed by the Senate on December 13 was very similar to the version
passed by the House on December 6, though without controversial provisions that would have
reduced tax incentives for oil production. All the climate change-specific provisions covered in
this report were identical in these versions. The House had already omitted in H.R. 6 most of the
climate-specific provisions contained in H.R. 3221. Remaining in H.R. 6, as passed by both the
House (12/6/2007) and Senate (12/13/2007) are: programs to develop carbon sequestration
technologies; international programs to promote efficient and clean energy; and an Office of
Climate Change and Environment in the Department of Transportation.
This report compares provisions specifically directed at climate change in recently passed
omnibus energy legislation, including H.R. 3221 as passed August 4, H.R. 6 as passed by the
Senate on June 21, H.R. 6 as passed by the House on December 6, and H.R. 6 as passed by the
Senate on December 13, 2007. Comments on provisions are included as appropriate.

In the first session of the 110^th Congress, the House and the Senate passed very different versions
of omnibus energy legislation. The House originally passed H.R. 6 in January 2007. The Senate
passed an amended version in June 2007. In August 2007, the House passed a new and broader-
ranging omnibus energy bill, H.R. 3221. On December 6, 2007, the House substituted the
Senate’s text of H.R. 6 with an amendment containing many provisions from H.R. 3221 and some
from Senate-passed H.R. 6. The Senate, then, on December 13, concurred with the House-passed
version but eliminated controversial provisions taking away tax incentives for the oil industry and
setting a minimum standard for renewable energy in electricity generation. This report compares
climate-related provisions in the current energy legislation. The provisions covered in this report
were identical in the versions of H.R. 6 passed by the House on December 6 and the Senate on
December 13.
Most provisions in the current version of H.R. 6, originated in the House-passed H.R. 3221,
although many provisions in H.R. 3221 that specifically addressed climate change or greenhouse
gas emissions were omitted. Provisions previously passed by the House but now omitted from
H.R. 6 include: statements of federal climate change policy; repeal and replacement of the U.S.
Global Change Research Program; assessment of climate change impacts and adaptation
strategies; and required reductions of greenhouse gases (GHG) by federal agencies.
While virtually all energy provisions have implications for GHG emissions or technology
development, H.R. 6, as passed by the House on December 6, 2007, and the Senate on December

13, includes several provisions that specifically address climate change or greenhouse gases.

These climate-specific provisions in the latest versions of H.R. 6 include:
• measures to promote GHG reducing technologies¹ overseas,
• assessments of geological and terrestrial carbon sequestration,
• establishment of an Office of Climate Change and Environment in the
Department of Transportation, and
• an audit of the U.S. tax code to estimate the magnitude of impacts of its
provisions on GHG emissions.
This report compares provisions specifically directed at climate change topics in recently passed
omnibus energy legislation. The provisions covered in this report are identical in the versions of
H.R. 6 that passed the House on December 6 and the Senate on December 13. (For legislation on
energy efficiency and renewable energy, see CRS Report RL33831, Energy Efficiency and ^th
Renewable Energy Legislation in the 110 Congress, by Fred Sissine, Lynn J. Cunningham, and
Mark Gurevitz.) A side-by-side comparison follows of House-passed H.R. 3221 with H.R. 6
(passed by the Senate 6/21/2007; by the House 12/6/2007 and the Senate 12/14/2007). The
headings used in the side-by-side table are those in the latest-passed bill, H.R. 6 as passed by the
House on December 6, 2007.

¹^T^h^e^te^r^m^“^c^l^e^aⁿ^a^{nd e}^f^fⁱ^cⁱ^eⁿ^{t e}ⁿ^e^r^gy^”^{is de}^fⁱ^ne^{d in H}^ouse^-^pa^sse^d^{H.R. 6 T}^itle^I^X^a^s^te^c^hⁿ^o^l^o^g^y^tha^t^w^{ill, inte}^{r a}^lia^,
^red^u^{ce G}^H^G^e^mⁱ^ssi^oⁿ^s^co^m^p^ared^t^o^t^echn^o^l^o^gⁱ^e^{s i}ⁿ^wⁱ^d^e^sp^read^commerci^a^l^u^s^{e i}ⁿ^{a reci}^pⁱ^en^t^couⁿ^t^r^y^.

Table 1. Climate Change Provisions in H.R. 3221 and H.R. 6
^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{ENERGY INDEPENDENCE}^{AND SECURITY A}^{CT OF 2}⁰⁰⁷
^{CRS Experts: Susa}^{n Fletche}^{r (sfletcher@c}^{rs.loc.gov; 7-7231); Ja}^ne^{Leggett (jaleggett@crs.loc.g}^{ov; 7-952}⁵⁾
^{TITLE II, United States Policy on}^{No comparable}^provision.^{Like the Senate-pa}^{ssed H.R. 6, House-}^{The United States rejected the K}^{yoto Protoco}^{l, with}
^{Global Climate Change, Subtitle A,}^{passed H.R. 6 omitted this provis}^ion.^{commitments by}^{industrialized countries to reduc}^e
^{Sec. 210}^{2 contains Cong}^ressional^GHG^{emissions, because}^{it did not contain}
^{Statement of Policy. The United States}^{commitments by}^{large developing country}^{emitters (e.g.,}
^{will take a leadership role, partici}^pating^{China) and it was pe}^{rceived to b}^e^{too costly.}
^{more actively and constr}^{uctively in the}^{The United States continues}^{to p}^{articipate in UNFCCC}
^{intergovernme}^{ntal climate chang}^e^{negotiations (parent treat}^{y of the}^Protocol)^{, but insists}
^{process, and seek}^{to obtain mitigation}^{that negotiations towards a post-}²⁰¹^{2 tr}^{eaty s}^{hould not}
^{commitments from all major}^{include binding commitments}^{to reduce G}^{HG. President}
^greenho^{use gas (G}^{HG) emitting}^{Bush initiated a high-level dialogu}^{e on climate change}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^countries^{under t}^{he United Nati}^ons^{with major GHG-emitting}^{nations, parallel to the}
^g/w^{Framework Convention on Clim}^ate^{UNFCCC negotiations, beginning Septembe}^{r 2}⁰⁰⁷ⁱⁿ
^s^.or^{Change (UNFCCC). The United}^States^{Washington, DC, to run th}^rough²⁰^{08. Both President}
^le^ak^{is to serve this goal by e}^{ngaging in high}^{level dia}^{logue on climate change}^with^{Bush’s policy and the}^{U.N. have a}^{goal of reaching}
^{agreement on}^{a global treaty in}²^009.
^://wiki^{the G}^{roup of}^{8 (G-8), China, I}^ndia,^Brazil^{, and others. While protecting}
^h^ttp^{U.S. nati}^{onal and economic inter}^ests
^{and U.S. competitiveness, the United}
^{States is to participate in negotiat}^{ion of}
^{a new agree}^ment^under^{the U}^NFCCC
^{that would include binding mitigation}
^{commitments from all major emitting}
^{countries, and address t}^he^{need f}^or
^adaptation.
^{Sec. 210}^{3 establishes}^{an O}^{ffice o}ⁿ^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^{Global Climate Change within th}^e
^{Dept. of State, headed by an}
^{Ambassador-at-Large to advance}^U.S.
^{goals concerning red}^{ucing emissi}^{ons of}
^GHGs^{and se}^{rve as a}^{principal ad}^viser
^{to the President and Secr}^{etary of}^State
^{on climate change}^policy.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Assistance to Prom}^{ote Clean and}^Effi^{cient Energy Tech}ⁿ^{ologies in Foreign C}^ountries
^{CRS Experts: Susa}^{n Fletche}^{r (sfletcher@c}^{rs.loc.gov; 7-7231); Ja}^ne^{Leggett (jaleggett@crs.loc.g}^{ov; 7-952}⁵⁾
^{Subtitle B, Sec. 2201, Congressio}^nal^{No comparable}^provision.^{Title IX omits the Congressional}^{The U.S. Government’s Asia-Pacific Partners}^{hip on}
^{Findings, reviews existing aut}^horities^{Findings of H.R. 3221 a}^{nd ref}^eren^ces^{Clean Development and Climate}^{(APP) was launched by}
^{and notes inadeq}^{uate f}^{unding. It}^{to the Asia-Pacific Partnership on}^{President G.W. Bush as a}^{major initiative to address}
^{recognizes the U.S. Governme}^nt’s^{Clean Development and Climate. It}^{climate change inter}^{nationally, outside of the UN FCCC}
^{Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean}^{defines “clean and e}^{fficient en}^erg^y^{and Kyoto Protoco}^{l framework. It curre}^{ntly includes t}^he
^{Development and Climate, but as}^a^{technology” as tech}^{nology that w}^ill^,^{United States, Australia, Canada,}^{China, India, Japan a}^nd
^{non-binding fra}^{mework that}^{does not}^{inter alia}^{, reduce gree}^nhouse^gas^{South Korea. Its website desc}^rib^{es the APP’s focus as}
^require^GH^{G emissions red}^uctions^{emissions compared to tech}^nologies^“expa^{nding investme}^{nt and t}^rade^{in cleaner e}^nergy
^{from the six}^part^ners^{hip cou}^ntrie^s.^{in widespread commercial use in}^a^{technologies, goo}^{ds and services}^{in key market}^sectors.”
^{Sec. 220}^{2, United States Assistan}^{ce for}^{recipient cou}^ntry.^{http://www.asiapacificpartne}^rship.^org

^{Developing Countries, authorizes}^$2⁰⁰^{Sec. 911 is t}^{he same a}^s^{H.R. 322}¹^Sec.
^mill^{ion annually for the}^{U.S. Agency for}²²⁰^2.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^Inter^{national Development (AID) over}
^g/w^{the fiscal years}²⁰⁰⁸^{- 20}¹²^{to su}^pport
^s^.or^{policies and programs in developing}
^le^ak^{countries t}^{hat promote clean}^and^{efficient ene}^{rgy tec}^{hnologies, and to}
^://wiki^{promote the}^{use of Ame}^rican-ma^de^{clean and efficient e}^nergy^tech^nologies
^h^ttp^{products, and e}^{nergy a}^nd
^{environmental ma}^nageme^{nt servi}^ces.
^{The Administrator of U.S. AID is}^to
^{submit a}ⁿ^an^{nual re}^{port on t}^he
^{implementation.}

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Sections 220}^3-2²⁰^{6 outline step}^s^{to be}^{No comparable}^provision.^{Secs. 912-9}¹³^{are t}^{he same a}^s^H.^R.

^{taken by}^{(1) the}^{Secretary of}³²²^{1‘s section}²²^03-2²⁰^4.
^{Commerce thro}^{ugh t}^{he U.S. For}^eign^{Sec. 914 omits the}^{Congressional}
^{Commercial Service and the}^{Findings but includes}^{H.R. 322}^1‘s
^Inter^{national Trade Administratio}^{n, (2)}^{Sense of the Cong}^{ress t}^{hat OPIC}
^{the Ove}^{rseas Private I}^nvestme^nt^{should promote greater}^investme^{nt in}
^{Corporation (OPIC), and (3) the}^U.S.^{clean and efficient e}^nergy
^{Trade and Development Age}^ncy^to^{technologies, and related actions.}
^{promote the}^{use of clean}^{and ef}^ficient
^{energy tec}^{hnologies, and to give}^{Sec. 915 is}^{nearly the}^{same as Se}^c.
^prefer^{ential treatmen}^{t to project}^s²²⁰^{6 of H.R. 32}^21,^{but softe}^{ns t}^h^e
^{promoting these goals and U.S.}^prefer^{ence to}^{be given to clean}^a^nd
^{exports to meet}^{them. The}^Secre^tary^{efficient tech}^{nologies by the Trad}^{e and}
^{shall submit an}^{nual r}^{eports in}²⁰^08-^{Development Agency.}
²⁰¹^{2. Aut}^{horizes sums as}^may^be
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^necessar^{y in eac}^{h fiscal year of}²⁰^08-²⁰¹^2.
^g/w
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Sec. 220}^{8 re}^{quires t}^{he President}^to^{No comparable}^provision.^{Sec. 916}^req^{uires the}^{President t}^o
^{provide assistance to the}^Inte^rag^ency^{establish within 9}⁰^{days a Task}^Force
^{Working Group}^{to Sup}^{port a Clean}^{on Inter}^{national Cooperation for}
^Energ^{y Tech}^{nology Exports}^Initiative,^{Clean and Ef}^{ficient E}^nergy
^{in accord with its five-year strat}^e^gic^{Technologies. Within 1 year, the}^Task
^{plan (20}^{02). Req}^{uires an}^an^{nual r}^eport^{Force shall submit a st}^{rategy to}
^{to Congress on implementa}^tion.^{promote adoption, and to facilita}^{te the}
^{Authorizes $5}^{million for each fiscal}^{export, of clean a}^{nd efficient e}ⁿ^e^rgy
^{year 2}⁰⁰^8-20^12.^{technologies in major developing}
^{countries, and to develop related}
^{financial instrume}^{nts a}^{nd mec}^hani^sms,
^{consistent with t}^{he r}^{ules of the}^World
^{Trade Organization. The strategy}^shall
^{be u}^{pdated every}^{3 yea}^{rs. The Ta}^sk
^{Force shall also establish an}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^Interage^{ncy Working}^Grou^{p, which}^{shall establish an I}^nterage^{ncy Ce}ⁿ^ter
^g/w^{on the}^Ex^{port of Clean and}^Efficient
^s^.or^Energ^{y Tech}^{nologies. The Task F}^orce
^le^ak^{shall terminate in 1}²^yea^{rs. Requi}^{res a}
^{triennial report to Congres}^s.
^://wiki^{Authorizes $5}^{million for each fiscal}^{year 2}⁰⁰⁸^{- 2}⁰²^0.
^h^ttp
^{Sec. 220}^{7, the}^{Global Climate Change}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^Exc^{hange Program, a}^{uthorizes th}^e
^{Secretary of State to establish a}
^{program to stre}^ngthe^{n re}^searc^h^and
^{educational excha}^{nge, and inter}ⁿ^ational
^{cooperation to reduce G}^{HG e}^missions
^{and address challenges}^{posed by}
^{climate change. An a}ⁿⁿ^{ual report}^is
^{required on im}^{plementation of th}^is
^{program, and $}³^{million annually}^is
^{authorized for each}^{fiscal year 2}⁰^{08 -}
²⁰¹^2.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Sec. 220}^{9 re}^{quires a}^{report wit}^{hin 1}⁸⁰^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.
^{days after e}^nactment^{on th}^{e impa}^{ct of}
^{global climate change on developing}
^{countries. It m}^{ust contain a}ⁿ
^assessment^{of cu}^rrent^{and anticip}^ated
^{needs of developing count}^{ries to}
^{adapt, and a strategy to me}^{et tho}^se
^{needs, including U.S. assistance, and}
^{identifying funding so}^urces.
^{International Clean Energy F}^oundation
^{CRS Experts: Ja}^{ne Legget}^{t (jaleggett@crs.loc.gov; 7-}⁹⁵²⁵⁾
^{Subtitle C establishes an}^Inte^rnati^onal^{No comparable}^provision.^{Subtitle B establishes an}^Inte^rnati^onal

^{Clean Ene}^{rgy Foundation as a}^{Clean Ene}^{rgy Foundation as a}
^government^{corporation, to serv}^e^government^{corporation, to serv}^e
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{foreign policy and energ}^{y goals of}^{foreign policy and energ}^{y goals of}
^g/w^{reducing G}^{HG e}^{missions. The}^{reducing G}^{HG e}^{missions. It is ne}^arly
^s^.or^{Foundation shall,}^{inter ali}^a^{, make grants}^{identical to Subtitle C of H.R}^{. 32}^{21. In}
^le^ak^{to projects demonstrating}^{technologies, processes and se}^{rvices to}^{Sec. 923(6), the}^{Foundation shall give}^prefer^ences^{to entities incorpora}^{ted in}
^://wiki^{reduce G}^HG^{emissions; solicit}^additi^{onal funding from othe}^r^{the United States and w}^hose^{technologies will be substantially}
^h^ttp^government^{s; create a}^repository^of^manufa^{ctured in}^{the U}^{nited States.}
^{information on best}^{practices; a}ⁿ^d^{Authorizes $2}^{0 million in each fis}^cal
^{promote American-made e}^nergy^{year 2}⁰⁰^9-20^13.
^{technologies. An ann}^{ual report t}^o
^{Congress is re}^{quired rega}^rding
^{implementation in the}^{prior fiscal year.}
^{Authorizes $2}^{0 million in each fis}^cal
^{year 2}⁰⁰^8-20^12.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{SCIENCE AND TECHNOL}^OGY
^{Advanced Research}^P^{rojects Agency-E}^nergy
^{CRS Expert: Ja}^{ne Leggett}^{(jaleggett@crs.loc.gov; 7-9525)}
^{Title IV,}^{Subtitle A establishes th}^e^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^{Advanced Research}^{Projects Agency-}
^Energ^{y (ARPA-E), reporting to th}^e
^{Secretary of the}^Departm^{ent of}^E^nergy
^{(DOE), to conduct long-term and}^high
^{risk researc}^{h on}^{novel energy}
^{technologies. Goals include reducing}
^greenho^{use gases. E}^{stablishes in t}^he
^Department^{of the Trea}^sury^an^E^nergy
^{Transformation Acceleration Fu}ⁿ^d
^{with authorization for $3}^million^for
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^FY2008,^{rising to $1.3}^{billion in 2012.}^{ARPA-E is to be evaluated within}^6.5
^g/w^years.
^s^.or
^le^ak
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^Carbo^{n Ca}^{pture and Stor}^age
^{CRS Expert: Peter Folger (pfolge}^{r@crs.loc.gov; 7-151}⁷⁾
^{Title IV,}^{Subtitle F expands t}^{he D}^OE^{Title III of H.R. 6 is similar to}^{Title VII, Subtitle A is sim}^{ilar to T}^itle^{H.R. 6 does not include an NAS r}^{eview of the DOE}
^{program for ca}^rbon^capt^{ure to in}^clude^{Title IV,}^{Subtitle F of H.R. 3221.}^{IV, Subtitle F of H.R. 3221, b}^{ut it}^{programs, or esta}^{blish a u}^{niversity-based grant}^program
^{R&D for carbon storage}^and^{It expa}^{nds t}^{he DOE}^program^to^{specifically excludes tests co}^nduc^ted^{for geologica}^{l sequestration scie}ⁿ^{ce. H.R. 6 does not}
^{demonstration. DOE would conduct 7}^{include carbon}^{storage and}^{for the Fut}^ure^Gen^{project. Also,}^it^{require t}^{hat t}^{he EPA Administrat}^{or conduct res}^earch
^initial^{large-volume sequest}^{ration tests,}^{carbon ca}^ptu^{re demonstration}^{does not set a limit for the n}^umb^{er of}^{that determines}^procedu^res^nece^{ssary to assess im}^pacts
^prefera^{bly usi}^{ng car}^{bon dioxide from}^projects.^{large-scale carbon ca}^pture^{of CO}²^captu^{re a}^{nd seq}^{uestration on p}^{ublic health}^and
^{large industrial or electricity-generating}^{demonstration tests.}^{safety and on t}^{he e}^nvironme^{nt. H}^{.R. 3221 a}^{uthorizes a}
^{sources, and would conduct}^{at least 3}^{Title VII also states that nothing i}ⁿ^{higher level of ap}^{propriations for}^programs^under^Title
^{large-scale carbon ca}^pture^{Subtitle A authorizes p}^{romulgation of}^{IV, Subtitle F than H.R. 6.}
^{demonstration tests f}^{rom industr}^ial^{any re}^quireme^{nt t}^{hat conflicts with or}^{See also provisions on geolog}^ical^{and terrest}^rial
^{sources of CO}²^{. Beginning}^{in 2}⁰¹^{1, the}^{is inconsistent with t}^{he Safe Drin}^king^sequest^{ration assessme}^{nt a}^{nd act}^{ivities, below}^.

^{National Academy of Sciences (N}^AS)^{Water Act. H.R. 6 authorizes slightly}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{would review the large-scale}^sequest^{ration and ca}^ptur^{e progra}^ms.^{higher a}^pprop^{riations for Subtitle A}
^g/w^{The En}^{vironmental Protection A}^gency^{compared to the similar provision in}
^s^.or^{(EPA) would conduct a resear}^ch^{H.R. 3221. Aut}^{horizes $2}⁴⁰^milli^{on in}
^le^ak^{program to assess}^{potential impa}^{cts of}^{each fiscal year}²⁰^08-²⁰^{12 for}^Sec.⁷⁰²^{demonstration a}^{nd testing, and}
^CO²^{storage on the}^environm^ent^,^$20^{0 million for Sec. 703, large s}^cale
^://wiki^{public healt}^{h, and safety a}^ssociated^{carbon ca}^ptu^{re for eac}^{h fiscal yea}^r
^h^ttp^{with captu}^{re and}^seq^uestration.^A^{grant p}^{rogram for g}^{raduate degr}^{ees in}²⁰⁰^9-2⁰¹^{3. Another}^$1^{million is}
^geolog^{ical sequestration science}^would^{authorized for Sec. 70}^{5 training a}^nd^researc^{h, and $5}^{million “in each fiscal}
^{be established.}^{year” for safet}^{y resea}^{rch. Sec. 7}⁰⁸
^{authorizes $1}^{0 million for a grant}
^{program to u}^{niversities for resea}^rch
^{and development.}

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Global Chan}^{ge Research}
^{CRS Expert: Ja}^{ne Leggett}^{(jaleggett@crs.loc.gov; 7-9525)}
^{Subtitle G re}^{peals and re}^{places P.L.}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.^{“Global change” in}^{H.R. 322}^{1 incl}^{udes climate chang}^e
^101-⁶⁰^{6, the}^{Global Change Rese}^arch^{Sec. 306, Assess}^{ment of Ca}^rbon^{and other e}^nvironme^{ntal change}^s^{that are global in}
^{Act of 19}^{90. Contin}^{ues e}^{xisting U.S.}^{Sequestration a}^{nd Met}^{hane a}^nd^{scope. Compared to existing law, H.R. 3221}^{makes t}^he
^{Global Change Researc}^{h Progra}^m^{Nitrous Oxide}^{Emissions from}^{USGCRP more operational and p}^olicy-^oriented.
^(USGCRP)^{, but u}^{nder lead of the}^{Terrestrial Ecosystem, and Sec.}^Increase^{s the}^{role of potential decision-makers in}
^{White House Of}^{fice of Science a}^nd^{307, A}^bru^{pt Climate Chang}^e^{program design. Adds data manag}^{ement to federal}
^{Technology Pol}^{icy, with authority to}^{Research Program, are}^related^{agency missions and e}^{stablishes f}^{ederal global change}
^{“allocate” funds. Directs the Pres}^ident^{but narrower provisions}^{data policies. Includes functions t}^{hat may}^{not be}
^{to establish an “inte}^ragency^{regarding specific r}^esearc^{h tasks}^{considered “researc}^{h” u}^{nder t}^he^{existing program, s}^uch
^{committee” and develop the Na}^tional^{in H.R. 6.}^{as: operational data acquisition and manageme}^{nt; u}^{ser or}
^{Global Change Researc}^{h Plan (“t}^he^{client services; and policy assess}^{ment. H.R. 6 moves}
^{Plan”). The Global Change Resea}^rch^{budget coordination and re}^portin^{g from the int}^eragen^cy
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{Program (“the Program”) implem}^ents^{the Plan. Requires t}^{hat th}^{e resea}^r^ch^{committee to the President.}
^g/w^{program (1) r}^{espond to informati}^on
^s^.or^{needs of commu}^{nities and decision-}
^le^ak^{makers [Sec. 4}^{614(a)], (2) pe}^riodi^cally
^{assess vuln}^{erabilities to global change}
^://wiki^{[Sec. 461}^{7]; (3) pe}^riodical^{ly assess}
^h^ttp^{policy options to mitigate or ada}^{pt to}^{the effe}^{cts of global change}^{[Sec. 461}^8]
^{and (4) report}^an^{nually to Congr}^ess
^{[Sec. 461}^{9]. Widens the sco}^{pe of}
^“researc^{h” by adding eco}^{nomic and}
^{demographic resea}^{rch. E}^stablishe^s
^{Climate and Other}^{Global Data}
^Manageme^{nt, including an inte}^rag^ency
^{working group [Sec. 4}⁶³^{3], and a}
^{Global Change Researc}^{h I}^nforma^tion
^Exc^{hange [Sec. 4}⁶²^2].
^{Subtitle G re}^{quires st}^{udies and r}^eports^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^{to Congress on Ice}^{Sheets [Sec.}⁴⁶²^3]
^{and on H}^urricane^Freq^uenc^{y and}
^{Intensity [Sec. 4}⁶²^{4], within}^{18 m}^onths
^{after ena}^ctment.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Subtitle H, Sec. 470}^{1, establishes}^{No comparable}^provision.^{Sec. 654 is similar to provisions in}^{The H-Prize program was}^unde^r^{Global Change}
^{competitive, cash “H-Prizes” for}^{H.R. 3221.}^{Research in}^{H.R. 322}^{1 b}^{ut ap}^pea^{rs u}^{nder Title VI—}
^{advancing hydroge}^{n power}^{[Sec. 470}^1],^{Accelerated Research a}^{nd Development of Hou}^se-
^{with reporting to Congre}^{ss on a}^wards^{passed H.R. 6.}
^{given. Funding comes f}^rom
^approp^{riations and sum}^{s to be}^ra^ised
^{from private e}^{ntities and individuals by}
^{the p}^{rivate, non-profit entity}
^{administering the comp}^{etitions. T}^he
^{authority to an}^nounce^prize
^{competitions ends on Sept. 3}^{0, 2}^018.
^CARBON-^NEUTR^{AL GOVE}^RNMENT
^{Federal Government Invent}^{ory and}^{Management of}^Gre^{enhouse Gas E}^missions
^{CRS Expert: Ja}^{ne Leggett}^{(jaleggett@crs.loc.gov; 7-9525)}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{Title VI}^{Subtitle A requires eac}^h^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.^{See separate, related provisions in both}^{bills on}
^g/w^{federal agency to an}^{nually re}^port^its^modificati^{ons to the U.S. Capitol}^{power plant to}^reduce
^s^.or^GHG^{emissions for the}^pre^{ceding year,}^{its GHG e}^{missions, described elsewhere in t}^{his matrix.}

^le^ak^{including those due to work}^performed^{by cont}^{ractors, and all air}
^://wiki^{travel [Sec. 610}^{1]. The Administr}^ator^{of the EPA s}^{hall promulgate an}^nu^al
^h^ttp^GHG^{reduction target}^{s for eac}^h
^{agency for}²⁰^10-²⁰^{50, to achieve}^zero
^{net G}^{HG emissions}^{by FY2}⁰⁵^{0 [Sec.}
⁶¹⁰^{2]. Eac}^{h age}^{ncy s}^ubmits^plans^and
^{manages its G}^{HG e}^{missions to achieve}
^{its targets [Sec. 61}^{02(d) and (e)], and}
^{submits a}ⁿⁿ^{ual efficiency stat}^us^r^eports
^{to the Director of OMB [Sec. 6}²^09].

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Title VI Subtitle A al}^{lows agencies to}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.
^{achieve their ta}^{rgets in}^{part t}^hro^ugh
^{GHG of}^{fsets in FY2}⁰¹^{5 if no}^national
^{mandatory economy-wide cap-an}^d-
^trade^{program has been}^e^{nacted by}
²⁰¹^{0. Aut}^{horizes agencies to p}^u^r^chase
^{qualified GHG off}^{sets or re}^newa^ble
^{energy ce}^{rtificates [Sec. 61}^02(e)(^{3) and}
^{Sec. 610}^{3]. The President may}^ex^empt
^{an agency}^{for p}^{eriods of one year}^.
^{Authorizes suc}^{h s}^{ums as}^{may be}
^necessar^{y, but limited in each}
^Exec^{utive agenc}^{y or Legislative b}^ranch
^{office to no more than}^0.0^{1% of}
^{discretionary app}^{ropriations in F}^Y200⁹
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{and 20}¹⁰^{for p}^urc^{hase of offs}^ets^and^{certificates. Section 610}^{3 directs}^the
^g/w^{Comptroller General to issue a}^r^eport
^s^.or^{on markets for}^GH^{G emission of}^fsets
^le^ak^{by Ap}^{ril 1, 20}^{08, and evaluat}^{e the}^pilot
^{offsets exc}^hange^{by A}^{pril 1, 2}⁰¹¹^.^The
^://wiki^{pilot offsets and certificates p}^roject^{ceases by}^FY20^11.
^h^ttp
^{Sec. 610}^{2(f) provides for t}^{he fede}^ral^{No comparable}^provision.^{Under Sec. 71}^{2(c)(3)(C) the Secr}^etary^{This provision in House-pas}^sed^{H.R. 6 has a na}^rrower
^{resource ma}^nageme^{nt agen}^cies^—the^{See related provisions regarding}^{of the I}^{nterior... shall “devel}^{op ne}^ar-^{definition and scope tha}^{n the}^pro^{vision in H.R. 3221, b}^y
^{Forest Service, the Burea}^{u of La}ⁿ^d^{terrestrial seq}^{uestration [Title}^{term and long-term ada}^ptation^{defining adaptation as meas}^{ures t}^o^increase
^Manageme^{nt, the}^{National Park Service}^{VII, Subtitle D, Chapter 2, Sec.}^{strategies or mitigation strategies that}^sequest^{ration or reduc}^{e emissions of named gree}^nho^use
^{and the Fish a}^{nd Wildlife Service}^—to⁷⁴²^1].^{can be}^{employed... to adapt to cli}^mate^gases.
^{study manage}^ment^{strategies that}^change.”^{See Natural Resource}^{s and Wildl}^{ife Programs}
^{would enhance}^car^{bon seq}^uest^ra^tion^{provisions, below.}

^{and reduce}^{negative impacts}^{of “}^global
^{warming,” to test selected strate}^gies,
^{and to report to Congres}^{s on re}^sults
^{within 4 yea}^{rs of ena}^ctment.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Federal Government Energy}^{Efficiency—Ju}^{dicial review}
^{CRS Experts: Robert}^{Meltz (rmeltz@crs.loc.gov; 7-7891)}
^{Title VI,}^{Subtitle B, Sec. 6212 defi}^nes^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.^{In H.R. 32}^{21, the}^{broad definitions of “harm” a}^nd
^{any nondiscretionar}^{y act or dut}^y^{by a}^{“attributable”}^pres^{umably see}^{k t}^o^{assure t}^{hat pe}^rsons
^{federal agency}^{under Title VI (or under}^{suing federal age}^{ncies for violatio}^{ns of Title VI are not}
^{any ame}^{ndment made}^{by Title VI) as a}^{thwarted b}^y^{scientific u}^ncertaint^y^{as to whethe}^{r a}
^{“final agency action” for}^pu^rpose^{s of}^{federal agency’s failure to red}^uce^GHGs^{caused s}^pecific
^{the Administrative Procedure Ac}^t^{harm to th}^{e plaintiff. However, t}^{he section’s stateme}^nt
^{(APA), a statute that limits judicia}^l^{of physical causa}^{tion—that a fede}^{ral agency’s emission of}
^{review of federal agency}^{action t}^o^final^{more green}^{house gase}^{s tha}^{n if Title VI’s requireme}^nts
^{agency action. A pe}^{rson would b}^e^{had bee}^{n met will exacer}^{bate global warming—may}
^{considered “aggrieved,” as also}^{raise constitutional issues u}^nder^{standing doctrine.}

^required^{by t}^{he APA, if he/she}^alleges
^{harm attri}^buta^{ble to a federal agency’s}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{failure to reduce its gre}^enho^{use g}^as^{emissions as req}^{uired—both “}^h^a^rm”
^g/w^{and “attributa}^{ble” being}^broadly
^s^.or^{defined. In addition to APA remedies, a}
^le^ak^{court would be a}^{uthorized to award a}
^payment^{for a}^{beneficial mitigatio}ⁿ
^://wiki^{project or for compe}^{nsating t}^he
^h^ttp^{plaintiff for global warming impac}^ts.^{Limits on the amou}^{nt of su}^ch
^payment^{s are stated. Costs of litigation}
^{could be awarded to a su}^bstantially
^{prevailing plaintiff.}

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{NATURAL R}^ESOURC^{ES C}^{OMMITTEE PROVISIONS}
^Carbo^{n Ca}^{pture and}^{Climate Change Mitigation}
^{Geological Sequestration As}^sessment
^{CRS Experts: Peter}^{Folger (pfolger@crs.loc.gov; 7-151}⁷⁾
^{Title VII, Subtitle D}^,^{Chapter 1}^{Title III, Sec. 303 establishes}^the^{Sec. 711 is t}^{he same a}^s^{in H.R. 32}²¹^{House-passed H.R. 6 esta}^blishes^{the same}^{program as}
^{establishes a p}^{rogram in t}^he^{same program}^{as Title VII,}^{Title VII, Subtitle D}^,^{Chapter 1. A}^lso^{similar provisions in H.R. 3221 a}ⁿ^d^{the Senate-pas}^sed
^Department^{of the}^{Interior (DOI}^{) to}^{Subtitle D of H.R. 3221.}^{authorizes $3}^{0 million total for fi}^scal^{version of H.R. 6.}
^{be carried out}^{by t}^{he U.S. Geolo}^gical^{Authorizes $3}^{0 million over five}^{years 2}⁰⁰^8-2⁰¹^2.
^{Survey tha}^{t would develop a}^{years for t}^{he p}^rogram.
^{methodology for, and conduct (within}
^{2 years of}^pu^{blication of the}
^{methodology) a national assessment of}
^{the CO}²^{storage ca}^{pacity of t}^he^United
^{States. Authorizes $3}^{0 million to}^{tal for}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{fiscal years 2}⁰⁰^8-20^12.
^g/w^{Terrestrial Sequestration Assessment}
^s^.or
^le^ak^{CRS Experts: Ross Gorte}^(rgorte^{@crs.loc.gov; 7-7266)}
^{Title VII, Subtitle D}^,^{Chapter 2, S}^ec.^{Sec. 306. Secretary}^{of the}^{Sec. 712 is ve}^{ry similar to H.R. 3221}^{Programs are q}^{uite similar. More detail in Senate-passed}
^://wiki⁷⁴²^{1. Secretary}^{of the}^{Interior m}^{ust, in}^{Interior mu}^{st, in consultation}^{and Senate-passed}^{H.R. 6. Extend}^s^{bill on methodology and its revie}^{w, with whom to}
^h^ttp^{consultation with federal agenc}^y^heads,^{with federal agency}^{heads a}^nd^{provisions to include metha}^{ne an}^d^{consult, and on what}^{to assess. H}^{ouse-passed bills}
^{assess terr}^{estrial carbon}^storage^{others, (1) assess te}^rrest^rial^{nitrous oxide emissions, as well as}^{contain fu}^{nding aut}^{horization but}^{at different levels.}

^{amounts a}^{nd processe}^{s (followin}^g^{carbon storage a}^mounts^and^{carbon fl}^{uxes. The Sec}^{retary s}^hall
^{public comme}^{nt on met}^hodology^{) and}^{annual flu}^{xes of}^carbon^(with^{develop strategies both to e}^nhan^ce
^{develop strategies to enha}^nce^{public comme}^{nt on}^sequest^{ration and to redu}^{ce G}^H^G
^sequest^{ration, empha}^{sizing native plant}^methodology)^{, (2) develop}^{emissions, as well as to adapt to}
^{species. Sec. 742}^{4 a}^{uthorizes $1}⁵^{strategies to enha}^{nce storage,}^{climate change. Incl}^{udes Subs}^{ection (e)}
^mill^{ion total for fiscal years 200}^8-²⁰¹²^{emphasizing native}^{plant s}^pecies,^{covering ocean and}^coastal
^{to carry out t}^{he asses}^{sment a}^nd^{and (3) estimate car}^bon^{ecosystems. Authorizes $}²⁰^milli^on
^strategies.^sequest^{ration capacity}^under^a^{total for fiscal years 20}^08-²⁰^12.
^{range of}^policies.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Sequestration Activiti}^es
^{CRS Experts: Peter}^{Folger (pfolger@crs.loc.gov; 7-151}⁷⁾
^{Chapter 3,}^Sec.74^{31 req}^uires^the^{No comparable}^provision.^{Sec. 713 is s}^ubsta^{ntially similar to}^H.R.^{Minor text}^{modifications appear intended to clarify the}
^Department^{of the}^{Interior to m}^aintain³²²^{1 Sec. 7}⁴³^1.^provision.
^{records, and an inve}^{ntory, on th}^e
^{amount of CO}²^stored^{from fede}^ral
^{energy leases.}
^{Sec. 743}^{2 re}^{quires t}^{he Secreta}^ry^{of the}^{Sec. 714}^req^{uires a re}^{port within}^one^{Provisions in House-passed H.R. 6 provision is more}
^{Interior to report}^{on a recomm}^e^nded^{year from t}^{he Secretar}^{y to the}^{extensive a}^{nd detailed than in H.}^{R. 3221.}
^{regulatory and ce}^{rtification frame}^work^{Congressional natural re}^sources
^{for conducting geological carbon}^{committees recommending a}
^sequest^{ration activities on federal}^{framework to manage}^geological
^lands.^{carbon se}^que^{stration activities on}
^{public lands. Requires}^{the Secr}^eta^{ry to}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^ensu^{re that all recomme}^ndations
^g/w^{comply with all federal environm}^ental
^s^.or^{laws, including the Safe Drinking}
^le^ak^{Water Act (42}^{U.S.C. 300F et se}^q.).
^{Natural Resour}^{ces and}^{Wildlife Programs}
^://wiki^{CRS Experts: Pervaze S}^{heikh (ps}^heikh@cr^{s.loc.gov; 7-6070); Ly}ⁿⁿ^{e Corn (lcorn@crs.loc.gov; 7-72}^{67); Ge}^{ne Buc}^{k (gbu}^{ck@crs.loc.gov}^{; 7-726}^2).
^h^ttp
^Divisi^{on A, Chapter}^{4, Subc}^hapte^{r A,}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.^{Under H.R. 322}^{1, the Cou}^{ncil does not cover impact}^s
^{Sec. 744}^{1 re}^{quires t}^{he Secreta}^ry^{of the}^{to all natural resources,}^{nor to p}^{rivate or state lands.}
^{Interior to establish a}^National^{“Natural” and “}^{National” are bot}^{h used in}^{naming t}^he
^{Resources Ma}^nageme^{nt Council}^on^{Council. In both Senate}^{and Hou}^{se-passed H.R. 6, a}
^{Climate Change to address impac}^{ts of}^{Natural Resource}^{s Ma}^nageme^nt^{Council is not}
^{climate change on}^{federal lands, the}^authorized.

^{ocean environme}^{nt, and fede}^{ral water}
^infrastr^uctu^{re. Memb}^{ers ar}^{e head}^{s of}
^{specified federal agencies.}

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^Divisi^{on A, Chapter}^{4, Subc}^hapte^{r A,}^{Requires t}^{he Secretary}^{of the}^{Directs the Secretar}^{y of the}^Inte^r^ior^{The provision aut}^{horizing adaptation or mitigati}^on
^{Sec. 744}^{1 re}^{quires t}^{he Secreta}^ry^of^{Interior to develop adaptation}^{to develop adaptation and mitigation}^{strategies in Senate a}^{nd House-p}^{assed H.R. 6 is a}
^{Interior to su}^{bmit a plan to Cong}^ress^{or mitigation strategies to help}^{strategies for climate cha}^{nge [§71}^2].^{component of a}^{national assessm}^{ent of car}^{bon, nitrous}
^{within 1 yea}^{r describing}^{how fed}^eral^{terrestrial ecosystems ada}^{pt to}^Ecosystems^under^{this bill include any}^{oxide, and methane emissions f}^{rom terrest}^rial
^{agencies shall (1) develop a datab}^{ase of}^{climate change [§3}^{06(c)(3)(C)].}^{terrestrial, freshwate}^{r aq}^{uatic, or}^ecosystems.
^vulnera^{bilities to cl}^{imate change;}⁽²⁾^{coastal ecosystem, including an}^{Under House-}^{passed H.R. 6, the}^{Secretary ap}^pears^to
^{manage resou}^{rces taking}^{into acc}^ount^{estuary. Req}^{uires restoration a}^nd^{have b}^{road authority to develop}^{adaptation and}
^{climate change; (3) develop p}^rotocols^{adaptation strategies to emp}^hasize^mitigati^{on strategies (narrowly d}^{efined to increase}
^{to implement managem}^{ent c}^hang^es;^{native plant s}^pecies.^sequest^{ration capacities or red}^uc^{e GH}^{G emissions), not}
^{and (4) incorporate s}^{cience in}^{Directs the Secretar}^{y to consult}^with^{just for ecosystems. The}^term^e^c^osyste^m^ap^{plies to any}
^{decision-making.}^{specified federal agencies. Secret}^{ary to}^{terrestrial, freshwate}^{r or marin}^e^{ecosystem. For ocean,}
^prepa^{re national assess}^{ment of c}^arbon^{coastal, and estuarine ecosystem}^s^,^{the Secretary is to}
^{storage; methodology for assessment}^{“work jointly with the Secretary}^{of Commerce.”}
^{to be p}^{ublished and s}^{ubject to}^pe^er
^{review and p}^{ublic comment.}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{Authorizes $2}^{0 million for FY200}^8-
^g/w^FY2012.
^s^.or^Subcha^{pter B, Sec. 74}^{52, states}^t^he^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.
^le^ak^{policy of the federal governme}^nt,
^{cooperating with stake}^{holders, to}
^://wiki^{assist wildl}^{ife and their ha}^{bitats t}^o
^h^ttp^{survive a}^{nd adapt to global warming.}
^{Sec. 745}^{4 re}^{quires a}^{National Strategy}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.^{Under H.R. 322}^{1, the}^{National Strategy ap}^{pears to}
^{within two years to assist wildlife}^and^{include both gover}^nment^{and p}^{rivate lands, but}
^{habitats to adapt to climate cha}ⁿ^ges.^{specifically wil}^{l include measures}^{to address climate}
^{Requires cons}^{ultation with feder}^al^{change on}^{federal lands. Furt}^her,^{it is unclear how}
^{agencies and othe}^{r stake}^{holders, and}^{conflicts between}^{the Strategy}^an^{d other goals, plans or}
^{consideration of other federal}^agency^{practices may}^be^resolved.

^resource^{plans, goals and measu}^r^es.
^{Requires age}^{ncies to exer}^{cise exi}^sting
^{authorities to achieve the}^{goals of the}
^{Strategy to the ma}^{ximum e}^xtent
^possible.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Sec. 745}^{5 establishes}^{a science}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.
^{advisory board, a National Global}
^{Warming and Wildlife Science C}^enter
^{in the U.S. Geologica}^{l Survey to}
^{conduct resea}^{rch, a}^{nd to monitor to}
^{detect climate-related changes in}
^wild^{life and habitat.}
^{Sec. 745}^{6 allocates approp}^riations:^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.
^{45% to impleme}^{nt t}^{he Strategy, 2}^5%
^{for the}^{National Pol}^{icy on Wild}^lif^{e and}
^{Global Warming, and 30}^{% for gra}^nts
^{to States and Indian tribe}^s.
^Subcha^{pter C, Sec. 7}⁴⁶¹^aut^{horizes a}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.^{H.R. 3221 does}^{not specify t}^{hat g}^{rants are}^{solely to}
^{State and Tribal Wild}^{life Grants}^{address impacts of climate cha}^ng^{e on wildlife and}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{Program to benefit wildlife and h}^abitat.^{Specifies funding allocations and c}^ost-^{habitat. Codifies an existing prog}^{ram included in}^approp^{riations for DOI. Primary}^{change in}^{H.R. 322}^{1 is}
^g/w^{sharing. Require}^{s a Wildlife}^{greater em}^{phasis on global warmi}^{ng in p}^rogram.

^s^.or^{Conservation Plan for eligibility}^.
^le^ak^{Authorizes suc}^{h s}^{ums t}^{hat are}
^necessar^y.
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Coastal Zone Issues}
^{CRS Experts:}^{Nicole Carter (nca}^rter@cr^{s.loc.gov; 7-0854); Jef}^frey^{Zinn (jzinn@crs.loc.gov; 7-7257)}
^{Sec. 747}^{2 re}^{quires t}^{he Secreta}^ry^of^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^{Commerce to establish a coastal}
^{climate change re}^{siliency planning}^and
^response^{program. A}^{uthorizes th}^e
^{Secretary to make gra}^{nts to assis}^t
^{coastal states in developing plans}^to
^{minimize contributions to climate}
^{change a}^{nd to pre}^pare^for
^consequ^ences^{of climate change}^{in the}
^{coastal zone. Authorizes the Secr}^etary
^{to make grants to e}^{nable coastal}^states
^{to implement state pla}^{ns that}^hav^e
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{been a}^p^p^{roved by t}^{he Secretar}^{y. The}^{provision lists specific stress fa}^ct^ors
^g/w^{and activities that fu}^{nded project}^{s may}
^s^.or^{address. Authorizes “suc}^{h s}^{ums a}^s^are
^le^ak^necessar^y.”
^://wiki
^h^ttp

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^Enhan^cing^{climate change p}^r^{edictions in the oceans}
^{CRS Experts: Way}^{ne Mor}^{rissey (wmorrissey@crs.loc.gov; 7-707}²^{); Gene Buc}^{k (gbu}^{ck@crs.loc.gov; 7-72}⁶²⁾
^{Sec. 747}^{3 establishes}^{a National}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^{Integrated Coastal and Ocea}ⁿ
^{Observation System}^(herea^fter,
^{System) to gather and disseminat}^{e data}
^{used to measu}^{re, track, ex}^{plain, and}
^{predict events}^{related to weathe}^{r and}
^{climate change, nat}^{ural climate}
^{variability, and oceanic and}
^{atmospheric e}^nvironme^{nt interac}^tions,
^{including the G}^{reat Lake}^{s. The}
^{provision lays out respon}^sibilities^for
^{federal and non-federal e}^ntities,
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{including a National Ocean Resea}^rch^{Leadership Cou}^{ncil, Regional}
^g/w^{Information Coordination Entities, a}
^s^.or^{federal Interage}^{ncy Working}^Gro^up
^le^ak^{(IWG), a Lead Agency (N}^{OAA), a}
^{System Advisory Committee and Joint}
^://wiki^{Centers for}^environme^{ntal obser}^vation
^h^ttp^partne^rship^{s to su}^{pport a}^{nd main}^tain^{the System. No contra}^{ct or}
^agreements^{to develop or procu}^r^e
^{new federal assets}^exceeding^$2⁵⁰
^mill^{ion in life cycle costs may be}
^{agreed without p}^{rior congression}^al
^{review. A report to Congress}^{is due}
^{within two years of e}^nactmen^{t, and}
^{every two years}^ther^{eafter. An}
^independent^{cost estimate re}^port^for
^{existing and plan}^{ned element}^{s of}^the
^{System is req}^{uired within one ye}^ar
^{after ena}^{ctment, and}^{shall be s}^u^b^mitted
^{to Congress without re}^vision.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{TITLE VIII—TRANSPORT}^A^{TION AND INFRASTRUCT}^URE
^Subtitl^{e A—Department of}^Transp^ortation
^{CRS Experts: Linda}^Lut^{her (lluthe}^{r@crs.loc.gov; 7-685}^{2); Brent Ya}^{cobucci (byacob}^ucci@cr^s.loc.gov^{; 7-96}⁶²⁾
^{Title VIII—Establishes a Cente}^{r f}^or^{No comparable}^provision.^{Title XI—Establishes an O}^{ffice of}^{House-passed H.R. 6}^{provisions are similar to H.R. 3221}
^{Climate Change and E}^nvironmeⁿ^t^{Climate Change and E}^nvironmeⁿ^t^{except t}^{hat, in addition to EPA, the Office is directed to}
^{within the Depa}^rtment^of^{within DOT.}^{consult with th}^{e U.S. Global Change Researc}^{h Program}
^{Transportation that}^{will, in}^{in conducting its st}^{udy into the i}^{mpact of U.S.}
^{coordination with EPA, study major}^{transportation s}^{ystems on}^{climate change. Also, the}
^{transportation}^{projects to identify low-}^{specific refe}^{rence to identifying a}^{nd establishing a}
^{cost solutions to reduce congesti}^on^{clearinghouse of “low-cost” solutions is eliminated in}
^{and trans}^{portation-related energ}^{y use.}^{favor of simply “solutions.”}
^Arc^{hitect of the Capitol—Ca}^{pitol Power Plant}
^{CRS Experts: Fred Sissine (fsissin}^{e@crs.loc.gov; 7-7039); Amy}^Ab^{el (aabel@crs.loc.gov; 7-7239)}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{Title VIII, Subtitle F, Part 3 directs the}^{Title III, Sec. 305 (carbo}ⁿ^{Title V contains a variety of provisions}^{House-passed H.R. 6 contain}^{s m}^{ore of H.R. 3221‘s}
^g/w^{Architect of th}^{e Capitol (AOC) to}^sequest^{ration) req}^{uires th}^e^{to study options to increase t}^he^{provisions on efficiency a}^{nd re}^ne^{wable energy}^{in the}
^s^.or^{operate the Ca}^{pitol Power Plant in an}^{Architect of th}^{e Capitol to}^{energy e}^{fficiency a}^{nd use of}^rene^wable^{Capitol Complex, and contains th}^{e Senate-passed}
^le^ak^{energy e}^{fficient man}^{ner, include e}^nergy^{complete a feasibility study and}^{energy in, and to}^{reduce g}^reen^house^{provisions for studying ca}^rbon^ca^pture^{and storage or}
^{efficiency meas}^{ures in}^{the Ca}^pitol^{to establish a competitive grant}^{gas emissions from, the Ca}^pitol^{use of car}^{bon dioxide.}

^://wiki^{Complex Master}^{Plan, and encou}^rage^{the use}^{of E}⁸⁵^{fuel and solar}^{program to demonstrate}^the^captur^{e and storage or}^{use of}^{Complex. Within 6 mont}^{hs of}^{enactment, t}^{he Arc}^{hitect of the}
^h^ttp^{photovoltaic equipment. I}ⁿ^{Sec. 8}^654,^{carbon dioxide emitted from the}^{Capitol shall submit a report on}
^{for the}^pur^{pose of red}^{ucing car}^b^on^{Capitol power plant as a r}^esult^measures^{taken a}^{nd incorporated}^into
^{dioxide emissi}^{ons, the AOC is}^{of bur}^{ning coal.}^{the Capitol plan. Architect of t}^h^e
^{directed to install technologies to}^{Capitol is required to conduct a}
^captur^{e and store or}^use^carbon^{feasibility study evaluating metho}^{ds to}
^{dioxide from coal combustion in the}^captur^{e, store, and use}^carbon^dioxide
^{Capitol power plant, and to oper}^ate^{emitted from the Capitol Power Plant.}
^{the steam}^{boilers and chiller plan}^{t to}^{The Architect ma}^{y conduct}^a
^{maximized energy efficienc}^{y and}^{demonstration project if the}^stud^y
^{minimize carbon dioxide emissio}^{ns and}^{shows that ca}^rbon^capt^{ure a}^nd
^{operating costs.}^{storage or use is tec}^hnologically
^{feasible and economically justified}^.
^{Authorizes $3}^{million for the stu}^dy.

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{Water Resour}^{ces and}^Emerg^{ency Management Prepared}^ness
^{CRS Experts:}^{Nicole Carter (nca}^rter@cr^{s.loc.gov; 7-0854); Betsy}^{Cody (bcody@crs.loc.g}^{ov; 7-722}⁹⁾
^{Subtitle G-Part 1 esta}^{blishes a}^na^tional^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.
^{policy for water resou}^rces^projects
^{that includes consideration of climate-}
^{change related}^{weather events}^a^mong
^{other priorities. It creates a}²¹^st
^Century^{Water Commission to}
^{evaluate and re}^{port on wate}^r
^{resources iss}^{ues, including th}^{e eff}^ects
^{of climate change, and to make}^p^olicy
^{recommendations. It would direct the}
^{EPA Administrator to enter into}^an
^{agreement with}^the^{National Academy}
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{of Sciences to study t}^{he impacts}^of^{climate change on wate}^{rsheds, w}^ater
^g/w^{resources, and wat}^er^{quality and}^to
^s^.or^{make policy recommendations. It}
^le^ak^{would direct the Secretary of t}^h^e
^{Army to ens}^{ure t}^{hat Arm}^{y Corp}^{s of}
^://wiki^Engineer^{s’ water reso}^urces^{studies and}
^h^ttp^{projects account}^{for th}^{e effect}^of^{climate change on its}^projects.
^{Part 2—Emergency Mana}^gement
^{CRS Experts:}^{Nicole Carter (nca}^rter@cr^{s.loc.gov; 7-0854)}
^{Part 2 directs t}^{he Administrator}^{of the}^{No comparable}^provision.^Omitted.

^{Federal Emergenc}^{y Ma}^nagemen^t
^{Agency to study}^{the inc}^{reased de}^mand
^{for the age}^{ncy’s p}^{rograms and s}^e^rvices
^{resulting from t}^{he inc}^{reased n}^u^m^ber
^{and intensity of}^{natural disasters}
^{affected by}^{climate change, a}^{nd t}^o
^{report th}^{e res}^{ults including policy}
^{recommendations.}

^{H.R. 3}²²¹^{H.R. 6}^{H.R. 6}^Comments
^{(Passed House 8/4/20}⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed Senate 6/}^21/2⁰⁰⁷⁾^{(Passed House 12/6/2}⁰⁰^{7; S}^e^nate
^12/1^4/20⁰⁷⁾
^{TITLE XIV—OTHER PR}^OVI^SIONS
^Carbo^{n au}^{dit of the tax code}^.
^{CRS Experts: Ja}^{ne Legget}^{t (jaleggett@crs.loc.gov; 7-9525); La}^{rry P}^{arker (lparker}^{@crs.loc.gov; 7-72}³⁸⁾
^{Title XIV}^{, Subtitle A, Sec. 14001}^{No comparable}^provision.^{Sec. 151}^{2 is identical to H.R. 3221}
^requires^{the Sec}^{retary of t}^{he Tre}^asury^{Title XIV}^{, Subtitle A., Sec}^{. 1400}^1.
^{to contract with t}^{he National Ac}^ademy
^{of Sciences to produce a}
^comprehe^{nsive review of t}^{he I}ⁿ^t^ernal
^{Revenue Code of 1}⁹⁸^{6, to identify the}
^{types of ta}^{x p}^{rovisions that have}^the
^{largest effects on}^car^{bon and oth}^er
^greenho^{use gas emissions, and to}
^{estimate the mag}^{nitude of those}
^{effects. A re}^{port is due to Congr}^ess
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RL34282}^{within two years afte}^{r ena}^ctment^.^{Authorizes $1.5}^{million for FY2008}
^g/w^{and FY200}^9.
^s^.or
^le^ak^Note:^{The headings used in t}^{he t}^{able are those in}^{the latest-pas}^se^{d bill, H.}^{R. 6 as passed by}^the^{House on Decem}^ber^{6, 2}⁰⁰^7.

^://wiki
^h^ttp

^Jan^e^A^.^L^e^gg^et^t^,^C^oordiⁿ^a^t^o^r ^Lⁱⁿ^d^{a Lu}^t^h^er
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^En^er^g^y^aⁿ^d^En^vⁱ^r^oⁿ^m^eⁿ^{tal P}^o^lic^y^An^al^y^s^{t i}ⁿ^En^vⁱ^r^oⁿ^m^eⁿ^{tal P}^o^lic^y
^j^a^leg^g^e^tt^@cr^s^.lo^c^.g^o^v^{, 7-}⁹⁵²⁵^l^l^u^t^h^er@^c^rs^.l^oc.^g^ov^{, 7-}⁶⁸⁵²
^E^uge^ne^H^.^B^u^c^k ^L^a^rr^y^P^a^rk^er
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^Nat^u^r^a^{l Reso}^u^r^{ces P}^o^licy^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^En^er^g^y^aⁿ^d^En^vⁱ^r^oⁿ^m^eⁿ^{tal P}^o^lic^y
^g^b^u^c^k^@^cr^s^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁷²⁶²^l^p^ark^e^r@^crs^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁷²³⁸
^{Nicole T}^.^C^a^rter ^P^e^rv^{aze A}^.^Sh^eⁱ^kh
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^Nat^u^r^a^{l Reso}^u^r^{ces P}^o^licy^An^al^y^s^{t i}ⁿ^Nat^u^r^a^{l Reso}^u^r^ces^P^o^licy
ⁿ^cart^e^r@^crs^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁰⁸⁵⁴^ps^h^eⁱ^k^h@^crs^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁶⁰⁷⁰
^{M. Ly}ⁿⁿ^{e C}^o^rn ^Fr^ed^Sissi^ne
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^Nat^u^r^a^{l Reso}^u^r^{ces P}^o^licy^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^En^er^g^y^P^o^lic^y
^l^c^orn^@^crs^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁷²⁶⁷^f^sⁱ^s^sⁱⁿ^e^@^c^rs^.l^oc.g^ov^{, 7}^-⁷⁰³⁹
^Susa^{n R.}^Fletc^h^er ^R^obert^Mel^t^z
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^Iⁿ^terⁿ^atioⁿ^a^{l E}ⁿ^vⁱ^r^oⁿ^m^eⁿ^{tal P}^o^lic^y^L^e^gⁱ^s^l^at^iv^{e A}^t^torn^e^y
^s^f^l^e^t^c^h^e^r^@^crs^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁷²³¹^r^m^el^t^z^@^c^rs^.l^oc.g^ov^{, 7-}⁷⁸⁹¹
^P^e^ter^Fo^lg^er ^W^a^yne^A^.^M^o^r^rⁱ^sse^y
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^En^er^g^y^aⁿ^d^Natu^r^a^{l Reso}^u^r^{ces P}^o^lic^y^In^f^o^r^m^a^tion^R^e^s^earch^Specialⁱ^s^t
^pf^ol^g^e^r@^cr^s^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-¹⁵¹⁷^w^m^orri^s^s^e^y^@^crs^.^l^o^c.g^o^v^,^7-⁷⁰⁷²
^Ro^{ss W}^.^Go^r^t^e
^Sp^{ecialist i}ⁿ^Nat^u^r^a^{l Reso}^u^r^{ces P}^o^licy
^rg^ort^e^@^c^rs^.l^oc.g^ov^{, 7}^-⁷²⁶⁶