U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to Major Clients, 2000-2007

U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and
Deliveries to Major Clients, 2000-2007
November 26, 2008
Richard F. Grimmett
Specialist in International Security
Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division



U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and Deliveries to
Major Clients, 2000-2007
Summary
This report provides background data on United States arms sales agreements
with and deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 2000-2007. In a
series of data tables, it lists the total dollar values of U.S. government-to-government
arms sales agreements with its top five purchasers in five specific regions of the
world for three specific periods: 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and 2007 alone, and the total
dollar values of U.S. arms deliveries to its top five purchasers in those same regions
for the periods 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and for 2007 alone. In addition, the report
provides data tables listing the total dollar values of U.S. government-to-government
arms agreements with and deliveries to its top 10 purchasers worldwide for the
periods 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and for 2007 alone.
This report is prepared in conjunction with the annual CRS report for Congress
entitled Conventional Arms Transfers to Developing Nations, 2000-2007 (CRS
Report RL34723), by Richard F. Grimmett. That report details both U.S. and foreign
arms transfer activities globally and provides analysis of arms trade trends. The
intent here is to complement that elaborate worldwide treatment of the international
arms trade by providing only the dollar values of U.S. arms sales agreements with
and delivery values to its leading customers, by geographic region, for the calendar
years 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and 2007. Unlike CRS Report RL34723, this annual
report focuses exclusively on U.S. arms sales and provides the specific names of the
major U.S. arms customers, by region, together with the total dollar values of their
arms purchases or deliveries. This report will not be updated.



Contents
U.S. Agreements with Leading Purchasers, 2000-2007................1
U.S. Deliveries to Leading Purchasers, 2000-2007....................4
Table 1. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Africa Agreements Concluded.......................2
Table 2. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of American Republics Agreements Concluded...........2
Table 3. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Asia Agreements Concluded........................2
Table 4. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Near East Agreements Concluded....................3
Table 5. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Europe Agreements Concluded......................3
Table 6. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Worldwide Agreements Concluded...................4
Table 7. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Africa Deliveries Concluded........................5
Table 8. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of American Republics Deliveries Concluded.............5
Table 9. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Asia Deliveries Concluded..........................6
Table 10. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Near East Deliveries Concluded.....................6
Table 11. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Europe Deliveries Concluded.......................6
Table 12. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and Services,
Total Values of Worldwide Deliveries Concluded....................7



U.S. Arms Sales: Agreements with and
Deliveries to Major Clients, 2000-2007
This report provides background data on U.S. arms sales agreements with and
deliveries to its major purchasers during calendar years 2000-2007. It provides the
total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with its top five purchasers in five
specific regions of the world for the periods 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and for 2007,
and the total dollar values of U.S. arms deliveries to its top five purchasers in five
specific regions for those same years. In addition, the report provides a listing of the
total dollar values of U.S. arms agreements with and deliveries to its top 10
purchasers for the periods 2000-2003, 2004-2007, and for 2007. The data are
official, unclassified, United States Defense Department figures compiled by the
Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), unless otherwise indicated. The data
have been restructured for this report by DSCA from a fiscal year format to a
calendar year format. Thus a year in this report covers the period from January 1-
December 31, and not the fiscal year period from October 1-September 30.1
U.S. Agreements with Leading Purchasers, 2000-2007
The following regional tables (Tables 1-5) provide the total dollar values of all
U.S. defense articles and defense services sold to the top five purchasers in each
region indicated for the calendar year(s) noted. These values represent the total
value of all government-to-government agreements actually concluded between the
United States and the foreign purchaser under the Foreign Military Sales (FMS)
program during the calendar year(s) indicated.2 In Table 6, the total dollar values of
all U.S. defense articles and defense services sold to the top 10 purchasers worldwide
is provided for calendar year period noted. All totals are expressed as current U.S.
dollars.


1 The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) publishes an annual volume providing
these data in a fiscal year format. This publication is titled Foreign Military Sales, Foreign
Military Construction Sales, and Military Assistance Facts. It provides detailed U.S. annual
transactions with countries and international organizations for the most recent ten fiscal
years, as of the date of publication, as well as aggregate data for these transactions since
FY1950. See DSCA website for this data under DSCA Facts Book at
[http://www.dsca.osd.mil/]. For detailed worldwide arms transfer data for U.S. and foreign
suppliers and recipients, see CRS Report RL34723, Conventional Arms Transfers to
Developing Nations, 2000-2007, by Richard F. Grimmett.
2 Current U.S. law and regulations do not require U.S. companies to provide, routinely and
systematically, data on arms sales agreements actually concluded with foreign purchasers
resulting from commercial licenses authorized by the U.S. State Department. Thus, with one
very notable exception relating to the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) in 2000, the agreement
data in the following tables do not include the values of U.S. licensed commercial sales.

Table 1. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Africa Agreements Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)
Africa AfricaAfrica
Agreements Agreements Agreements
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Nigeria $26 million1 Djibouti $24 million1 Kenya $4 million
2 Kenya $24 million2 Ethiopia $15 million2 Ethiopia $3 million
3 South Africa $15 million3 Kenya $12 million3 Mozambique $1 million
4 Guinea $4 million4 Uganda $8 million4 Senegal $1 million
5 Botswana $3 million5 Nigeria $8 million5 Nigeria $1 million
Table 2. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of American Republics
Agreements Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)
Am erican Am erican Am erican
Republics Republics Republics
Agreements Agreements Agreements
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Canada $595 million1 Canada $2.18 billion1 Canada $1.2 billion

2 Chile $551 million2 Colombia $1.1 billiona2 Colombia $556 milliona


3 Colombia $296 milliona3 Brazil $349 million3 Brazil $201 million
4 Brazil $93 million4 Chile $72 million4 Argentina $40 million
5 Venezuela $56 million5 Argentina $70 million5 El Salvador $23 million
a. Includes FMS sales related to international narcotics interdiction programs.
Table 3. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Asia Agreements Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Asia AsiaAsia
Agreements Agreements Agreements
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 South Korea $3.5 billion1 Australia $6.4 billion1 Australia $2.9 billion
2 Japan $2.5 billion2 Pakistan $4.4 billion2 South Korea $1.5 million
3 Singapore $1.0 billion3 Japan $3.3 billion 3 Japan $780 million
4 Taiwan $970 million4 South Korea $2.8 billion4 Taiwan $610 million

5 Australia $920 billion5 Taiwan $1.2 billion5 Pakistan $230 million



Table 4. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Near East Agreements Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Near East Near EastNear East
Agreements Agreements Agreements
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 U.A.E. $7.1 billiona1 Saudi Arabia $5.2 billion1 Egypt 1.7 billion
2 Egypt $5.9 billion2 Egypt $4.3 billion2 U.A.E. $1.7 billion
3 Israel $5.0 billion3 Israel $3.3 billion3 Iraq $1.6 billion
4 Saudi Arabia $2.7 billion4 U.A.E. $2.7 billion4 Saudi Arabia $1.4 billion
5 Kuwait $1.7 billion5 Iraq $2.0 billion5 Israel $970 million
a. Includes a $6.432 billion licensed commercial agreement concluded in 2000 for 80 F-16 fighter
aircraft.
Table 5. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Europe Agreements Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Europe EuropeEurope
Agreements Agreements Agreements
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Poland $3.8 billion1 Turkey $4.5 billion1 Turkey $2.1 billion
2 Greece $3.2 billion2 Greece $2.8 billion2 Norway $710 million
3 U.K. $1.9 billion3 U.K. $1.6 billion3 U.K. $520 million
4 Italy $1.2 billion4 Netherlands $1.2 billion4 Greece $390 million

5 Turkey $1.2 billion5 Norway $1.0 billion 5 Netherlands $370 million



Table 6. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Worldwide Agreements Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Worldw i de Worldw i de Worldw i de
Agreements Agreements Agreements
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 U.A.E. $7.1 billiona1 Australia $6.4 billion1 Australia $2.9 billion
2 Egypt $5.9 billion2 Saudi Arabia $5.2 billion2 Turkey $2.1 billion
3 Israel $5.0 billion3 Turkey $4.5 billion3 Egypt $1.7 billion
4 Poland $3.8 billion4 Pakistan $4.4 billion4 U.A.E. $1.7 billion
5 South Korea $3.5 billion5 Egypt $4.3 billion5 Iraq $1.6 billion
6 Greece $3.2 billion6 Israel $3.3 billion6 South Korea $1.5 million
7 Saudi Arabia $2.7 billion7 Japan $3.3 billion7 Saudi Arabia $1.4 billion
8 Japan $2.5 billion8 Greece $2.8 billion8 Canada $1.2 billion
9 U.K. $1.9 billion9 South Korea $2.8 billion9 Israel $970 million
10 Kuwait $1.7 billion10 U.A.E. $2.7 billion10 Japan $780 million
a. Includes a $6.432 billion licensed commercial agreement in 2000 for 80 F-16 fighter aircraft.
U.S. Deliveries to Leading Purchasers, 2000-2007
The following regional tables (Tables 7-11) provide the total dollar values of
all U.S. defense articles and defense services delivered to the top five purchasers in
each region indicated for the calendar year(s) noted for all deliveries under the U.S.
Foreign Military Sales (FMS) program. These values represent the total value of all
government-to-government deliveries actually concluded between the United States
and the foreign purchaser under the FMS program during the calendar year(s)
indicated.
In Table 12, the total dollar values of all U.S. defense articles and defense
services actually delivered to the top 10 purchasers worldwide is provided. The
delivery totals are for FMS deliveries concluded for the calendar year(s) noted.



Table 7. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Africa Deliveries Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)
Af r i c a Af r i c a Af rica
De liveries Deliveries Deliveries
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Nigeria $11 million1 Kenya $17 million1 Djibouti $4 million
2 Kenya $7 million2 Nigeria $17 million2 Nigeria $4 million
3 Ethiopia $3 million3 Ethiopia $12 million3 Ethiopia $4 million
4 South Africa $3 million4 Djibouti $12 million4 Kenya $2 million
5 Botswana $2 million5 South Africa $9 million5 Senegal $2 million
Table 8. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of American Republics
Deliveries Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest million)
AmericanAmerican American
Republics RepublicsRepublics
Deliveries Deliveries Deliveries
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Canada $446 million1 Canada $780 million1 Canada $280 million

2 Colombia $291 milliona2 Chile $480 million2 Colombia $109 milliona


3 Venezuela $65 million3 Colombia $411 milliona3 Brazil $81 million
4 Argentina $49 million4 Brazil $141 million4 Chile $38 million
5 Mexico $23 million5 Venezuela $25 million5 Argentina $10 million
a. Includes deliveries of defense articles and services previously sold that are related to international
narcotics programs.



Table 9. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Asia Deliveries Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Asia AsiaAsia
Deliveries Deliveries Deliveries
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Taiwan $4.0 billion1 Taiwan $4.3 billion1 South Korea $1.0 billion
2 South Korea $2.5 billion2 South Korea $2.8 billion2 Taiwan $790 million
3 Japan $1.8 billion 3 Japan $2.3 billion 3 Japan $670 million
4 Australia $1.0 billion4 Australia $1.7 billion4 Australia $590 million
5 Singapore $1.0 billion5 Singapore $950 million5 Singapore $170 million
Table 10. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Near East Deliveries Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Near East Near EastNear East
Deliveries Deliveries Deliveries
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Saudi Arabia $6.0 billion1 Israel $5.7 billion1 Israel $1.4 billion
2 Egypt $5.1 billion2 Egypt $5.5 billion2 Egypt $1.2 billion
3 Israel $3.0 billion3 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion3 Saudi Arabia $1.0 billion
4 Kuwait $1.0 billion 4 Kuwait $1.5 billion4 Kuwait $360 million
5 Bahrain $580 million5 Afghanistan $950 million5 Iraq $330 million
Table 11. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Europe Deliveries Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Eur o pe Eur o pe Eur o pe
Deliveries Deliveries Deliveries
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Greece $3.0 billion1 Poland $2.3 billion 1 Poland $1.3 billion
2 U.K. $1.6 billion2 Greece $1.7 billion2 U.K. $400 million
3 Netherlands $1.4 billion3 U.K. $1.5 billion3 Greece $240 million
4 Turkey $1.2 billion4 Netherlands $940 million4 Netherlands $240 million

5 Spain $1.1 billion5 Turkey $920 million5 Germany $190 million



Table 12. Leading Purchasers of U.S. Defense Articles and
Services, Total Values of Worldwide Deliveries Concluded
(in current U.S. dollars, rounded to nearest 10 million or 10th of a billion)
Worldw i de Worldw i de Worldw i de
Deliveries Deliveries Deliveries
2000-2003 2004-2007 2007
1 Saudi Arabia $6.0 billion1 Israel $5.7 billion 1 Israel $1.4 billion
2 Egypt $5.1 billion2 Egypt $5.5 billion2 Poland $1.3 billion
3 Taiwan $4.0 billion3 Saudi Arabia $4.4 billion3 Egypt $1.2 billion
4 Israel $3.0 billion4 Taiwan $4.3 billion4 Saudi Arabia $1.0 billion
5 Greece $3.0 billion5 South Korea $2.8 billion5 South Korea $1.0 million
6 South Korea $2.5 billion6 Japan $2.3 billion6 Taiwan $790 million
7 Japan $1.8 billion7 Poland $2.3 billion7 Japan $670 million
8 U.K. $1.6 billion8 Australia $1.7 billion8 Australia $590 million
9 Netherlands $1.4 billion9 Greece $1.7 billion9 U.K. $400 million

10 Turkey $1.2 billion10 U.K. $1.5 billion10 Kuwait $360 million