Remedies for the Improper Disclosure of Personal Information

CRS Report for Congress
Remedies for the Improper Disclosure of
Personal Information
Alison M. Smith
Legislative Attorney
American Law Division
Summary
This report provides an overview of the available remedies in selected federal
privacy laws. This report will be updated as events warrant.
Applicable federal statutes provide a wide array of remedies for improper disclosure
of certain personal information. Some provide criminal penalties including fines ranging
from $5,000 to $250,000 and/or imprisonment from 6 months to 10 years depending on
whether the violation was committed under false pretenses or for commercial advantage,
personal gain or malicious harm. Other statutes provide private rights of action for
aggrieved individuals and award actual damages, compensatory damages and punitive
damages for willful, intentional or knowing violations. Other statutes provide that State
attorneys general may bring civil actions on behalf of the residents of a state. A few of
the privacy statutes do not provide for private or state rights of action. Instead, other
agencies, such as the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) are charged with enforcement.
In these instances, the FTC is authorized to bring enforcement actions and impose civil
penalties for violations as unfair and deceptive trade acts or practices under the Federal
Trade Commission Act.¹

¹ 15 U.S.C. §§ 41 et seq.
Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress

CRS-2
^tle^A^pplies^T^o^Records^Pri^{vate R}ⁱ^gh^{t of A}^c^ti^on^Cⁱ^vi^l^Pen^a^l^t^y^C^ri^mⁱⁿ^a^l^Pen^a^l^t^y
^Covered
^{ir Credit}^Repo^rt^ing^Co^nsum^e^r^Co^nsum^e^r^Aⁿ^a^ggrⁱ^e^ve^d^c^o^nsum^e^r^m^a^y^A^c^t^u^al^dam^a^g^e^s^ofⁿ^o^t^l^e^s^s^t^h^an^{$100 an}^d^Un^{der f}^a^ls^{e preten}^s^e^s^,^a
^{t of 1970}^-^{15 U}^.^S^.^C^.^reportⁱⁿ^g^cr^ed^{it r}^e^p^o^r^ts.^f^{ile su}^{it w}^ithⁱⁿ^tw^o^y^ear^{s f}^r^o^mⁿ^o^{t m}^o^{re th}^an^{$1,000, pu}ⁿ^itiv^{e dam}^a^g^e^s^f^o^r^def^eⁿ^d^an^{t is}^s^u^bj^{ect to a f}ⁱⁿ^e^,
^{et s}^e^q^.^ag^en^cies^.^th^{e d}^a^{te o}ⁿ^w^h^ich^liab^ility^w^illf^u^lⁿ^oⁿ^c^o^m^p^lian^{ce, litig}^atioⁿ^co^{sts an}^d^im^p^r^isoⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^f^o^rⁿ^o^{t m}^o^r^e
^ar^{ises f}^o^r^im^p^e^r^m^issib^l^e^atto^rⁿ^ey^f^{ees. Fo}^rⁿ^e^g^lig^en^{t n}^oⁿ^c^o^m^p^lian^ce,^t^h^an^{2 y}^ears^,^{or bot}^h^.
^dis^c^los^u^{re, u}^s^{e or receipt of}^a²^actu^a^{l d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s an}^d^litig^atioⁿ^co^{sts an}^d
^con^s^u^m^{er credit report.}^attorn^ey^f^ees^{. Un}^{der f}^a^ls^{e preten}^s^e^s^,
^d^e^f^eⁿ^d^an^{t sh}^{all b}^e^liab^l^{e to}^th^{e co}ⁿ^s^u^m^er
^reportin^g^ag^en^cy^f^o^{r th}^{e g}^r^{eater of}^actu^a^l
^dam^a^g^e^s^{or $1,000.}
^d^e^{o Pri}^vacy^Vⁱ^deot^ape^Vⁱ^{deo ren}^t^al^Aⁿ^ag^g^rⁱ^e^v^e^{d pers}^on^m^a^y^briⁿ^g^A^c^t^u^al^dam^a^g^e^s⁽ⁿ^ot^l^e^s^s^t^h^an^$2,500),^Noⁿ^e^.
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RS21229}^oⁿ^A^c^{t of 1988 -}^.^S^.^C^.^{§ 2710.}^se^r^v^ic^e^provⁱ^d^ers^.^records^.^su^{it w}^ithⁱⁿ^tw^o^y^ear^{s f}^r^o^m^th^e^di^s^c^ov^ery^of^t^h^{e al}^l^e^g^e^d^p^uⁿ^itiv^{e d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s, litig}^atioⁿ^co^{sts an}^d^attorn^ey^f^ees^.
^g/w^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^f^o^r^im^p^e^r^m^issib^l^e
^s^.or^di^s^c^l^o^s^u^{re of}^pers^on^al^l^y
^le^ak^id^en^tif^iab^l^{e in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^.
^://wiki^gh^{t to Fi}ⁿ^aⁿ^cⁱ^a^l^Fi^na^ncⁱ^a^l^Fi^na^ncⁱ^a^l^Aⁿ^a^ggrⁱ^e^ve^d^c^u^st^o^m^e^r^m^a^y^A^c^tu^{al d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s, p}^uⁿ^itiv^{e d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s f}^o^r^Noⁿ^e^.
^h^ttp^{vacy A}^c^{t of 1978}^-^Iⁿ^stitu^tioⁿ^s^.^records^.^b^rⁱⁿ^g^su^{it w}^ithⁱⁿ^th^r^{ee y}^ear^s^w^illf^u^l^o^rⁱⁿ^ten^tioⁿ^a^{l d}ⁱ^sclo^su^r^e^{, litig}^atioⁿ
^.^S^.^C^.^{§§ 3401}^et^af^t^e^{r di}^s^c^ov^ery^of^cos^t^s^an^{d attorn}^ey^f^ees^.
^q^.^im^p^e^r^m^issib^l^e^dⁱ^sc^lo^sur^e^to^a
^go^ve^rⁿ^m^e^nt^a^u^t^h^o^rⁱ^t^y^.
^{ne Co}^nsum^er^Te^l^e^-^Un^so^licited^Aⁿ^ag^g^r^iev^e^d^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^o^r^en^tity^T^h^{e g}^r^eat^{er of}^act^u^a^l^dam^a^g^e^s^{or $500 f}^o^r^Noⁿ^e^.

^{- 4}⁷^m^a^rk^eters^.^telep^h^oⁿ^e^m^a^y^b^rⁱⁿ^g^su^{it. State atto}^rⁿ^ey^s^each^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^.^Fo^{r w}^illf^u^l^o^r^kⁿ^o^wⁱⁿ^g
^S^.^C^.^{§ 227.}^calls.^ge^ne^r^a^l^m^a^y^b^rⁱ^{ng c}ⁱ^vi^l^a^c^tⁱ^o^n.^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^{, th}^{e co}^u^r^{t m}^a^y^aw^ar^d^u^p^to^tr^eb^le
^dam^a^g^e^s^.
² See TRW v. Andrews, 122 S. Ct. 441 (2001) (holding that the statute of limitations begins to run when inaccurate disclosures occur, and
not when the victim learns of the disclosures).

CRS-3
^tle^A^pplies^T^o^Records^Pri^{vate R}ⁱ^gh^{t of A}^c^ti^on^Cⁱ^vi^l^Pen^a^l^t^y^C^ri^mⁱⁿ^a^l^Pen^a^l^t^y
^Covered
^{vacy A}^c^{t of 1974}^-^Fed^e^r^a^l^In^di^vⁱ^du^al^l^y^Aⁿ^a^ggrⁱ^e^ve^dⁱⁿ^dⁱ^vi^d^u^a^l^m^u^st^A^c^t^u^al^dam^a^g^e^s⁽ⁿ^ot^l^e^s^s^t^h^an^$1,000),^Fo^r^w^illf^u^l^dⁱ^sclo^su^r^e^,
^.^S^.^C^.^{§ 552a.}^ag^en^cies^.^id^en^tif^iab^l^e^b^rⁱⁿ^g^su^{it w}^ithⁱⁿ^tw^o^y^ear^s^litig^atioⁿ^co^{sts an}^d^atto^rⁿ^ey^f^ees.^mⁱ^s^d^em^ean^{or of}^f^eⁿ^s^{e an}^{d f}ⁱⁿ^e
^f^e^{deral ag}^en^cy^af^t^e^{r di}^s^c^ov^ery^of^ofⁿ^o^t^m^o^{re t}^h^an^$5,000.
^records^.^im^p^e^r^m^issib^l^e^dⁱ^sc^lo^sur^e^.
^m^ily^Educa^t^io^na^l^Ed^u^catioⁿ^a^l^Stud^ent^No^.³^Noⁿ^e^{. A}ⁿⁱⁿ^stitu^tioⁿ^w^ith^{a p}^o^licy^o^r^Noⁿ^e^.
^gh^ts^an^d^Pri^{vacy A}^c^tⁱⁿ^stitu^tioⁿ^s^records^.^practⁱ^{ce of}ⁱ^m^{proper di}^s^c^l^o^s^u^{re s}^h^al^l^l^o^s^e
^.^S^.^C^.^{§ 1232g}^.^receivⁱⁿ^g^fe^d^e^r^a^l^fund^s.
^fe^d^e^r^a^l
^fund^s.
^a^l^t^h^Insur^a^nc^e^Health^In^di^vⁱ^du^al^l^y^N^o^.^Iⁿ^dⁱ^vi^d^u^a^l^{s ha}^ve^t^h^e^rⁱ^ght^N^o^ne^.^F^o^r^si^m^p^l^e^vi^o^l^a^tⁱ^o^ns,^fi^ne^up
^rt^a^b^ilit^y^&^pl^an^s^,^id^en^tif^iab^l^e^to^f^{ile a f}^o^r^m^{al co}^m^p^lain^{t w}^ith^t^o^{$50,000 an}^d/^or
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RS21229}^unt^a^b^ilit^y^Act^{- 4}²^h^ealth^care^h^ealth^{a cov}^e^{red prov}ⁱ^d^{er or h}^eal^t^hⁱ^m^pri^s^on^m^eⁿ^t^of^u^p^t^o^on^e
^g/w^S^.^C^.^{§§ 1320d}^{et s}^e^q^.^provⁱ^d^ersⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^.^pl^an^{, or w}ⁱ^t^h^t^h^{e D}^e^part^m^eⁿ^t^of^y^ear^{. Fo}^r^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^co^m^m^itted
^s^.or^an^d^Health^an^{d Hu}^m^aⁿ^Serv^ices^.^uⁿ^d^{er f}^a^ls^{e preten}^s^e^s^,^fⁱⁿ^e^u^p
^le^ak^clearin^g^-^t^o^{$100,000 an}^d/^or
^ho^use^s^.^im^p^r^isoⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^u^p^to⁵^y^ear^s.
^://wiki^Fo^r^o^f^f^eⁿ^s^{es co}^m^m^itted^f^o^r
^h^ttp^com^m^e^{rcial adv}^aⁿ^t^ag^e,
^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^{al g}^aⁱⁿ^{, o}^r^m^a^licio^u^s
^h^a^rm^{, f}ⁱⁿ^e^u^p^t^o^$250,000
^an^d/^{or i}^m^pri^s^on^m^eⁿ^t^u^p^t^o¹⁰
^y^ears^.
^{ble Co}^m^m^unica^tⁱ^oⁿ^Ca^b^l^e^Ca^b^l^e^Aⁿ^y^pers^on^ag^g^rⁱ^e^v^e^{d m}^a^y^A^c^tu^{al d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s (}^b^u^tⁿ^o^{t less th}^an^liq^uⁱ^d^a^ted^Noⁿ^e^.

ⁱ^c^{y A}^c^{t of 1984}^{- 4}⁷^televⁱ^sioⁿ^televⁱ^sioⁿ^b^rⁱⁿ^g^{a civ}^{il actio}ⁿ^f^o^r^dam^a^g^e^s^com^p^u^t^{ed at}^t^h^{e rat}^e^of^{$100 a day}
^S^.^C^.^{§ 551.}^se^r^v^ic^e^s^u^bs^criberⁱ^m^{proper di}^s^c^l^o^s^u^{re of}^{or $1,000, w}^h^ich^e^v^e^{r is}^hⁱ^g^h^e^{r), pu}ⁿ^itiv^e
^provⁱ^d^ers^.^records^.^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^ally^id^en^tif^iab^l^e^d^a^m^a^g^e^{s, litig}^atioⁿ^co^{sts an}^d^atto^rⁿ^ey^f^ees.
ⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^.
³ In Gonzaga v. Doe, the United States Supreme Court held that FERPA provisions create no personal rights to enforce under 42 U.S.C.§

1983. No. 01-679, slip op. at 3-15 (June 20, 2002).

CRS-4
^tle^A^pplies^T^o^Records^Pri^{vate R}ⁱ^gh^{t of A}^c^ti^on^Cⁱ^vi^l^Pen^a^l^t^y^C^ri^mⁱⁿ^a^l^Pen^a^l^t^y
^Covered
^lecom^m^unications^T^e^lecom^m^-^Co^nsum^e^r^{No ex}^pres^s^priv^{ate rig}^h^t^of⁴^FT^C^au^th^{orized to br}ⁱⁿ^g^en^f^o^rcem^en^{t action}^s^Noⁿ^e^.
^{t of 1996}^-^{47 U}^.^S^.^C^.^uni^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns^propri^e^t^a^ry^actioⁿ^.^an^d^im^p^o^s^{e civ}^{il p}^eⁿ^a^{lties f}^o^r^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^as
^carriers^.^ne^t^w^o^r^{k i}ⁿ^fo^r^-^uⁿ^f^{air an}^{d deceptiv}^{e trade acts}^{or practices}
^m^a^tioⁿ^.^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e Federal T}^r^{ade C}^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^A^c^t.
^ectronic^Pr^ovⁱ^d^e^r^s^T^e^lecom^m^-^Aⁿ^a^ggrⁱ^e^ve^dⁱⁿ^dⁱ^vi^d^u^a^l^m^a^y^A^c^t^u^al^dam^a^g^e^s⁽ⁿ^ot^l^e^s^s^t^h^an^$1,000),^Fⁱⁿ^e^u^p^t^o^{$250,000 f}^o^r
^m^m^unica^tⁱ^oⁿ^s^of^uni^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns,^e^-^b^rⁱⁿ^g^{a civ}^{il actio}ⁿ^w^ithⁱⁿ^tw^o^p^uⁿ^itiv^{e d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s f}^o^r^kⁿ^o^wⁱⁿ^g^o^rⁱⁿ^ten^tioⁿ^a^lⁱⁿ^di^vⁱ^du^al^s^an^{d $500,000 f}^o^r
^{vacy A}^c^{t of 1986}^-^electronⁱ^c^m^a^{ils an}^d^y^ears^of^di^s^c^ov^ery^ofⁱ^m^properⁿ^oⁿ^c^o^m^p^lian^{ce, litig}^atioⁿ^co^{sts an}^d^atto^rⁿ^ey^o^r^gaⁿⁱ^z^a^tⁱ^o^ns,ⁱ^m^p^rⁱ^s^oⁿ^m^e^nt^o^f
^.^S^.^C^.^{§§ 2510-}^2522.^c^o^mm-^sto^r^e^dⁱⁿ^ter^cep^tioⁿ^o^r^dⁱ^sclo^su^r^e^o^f^f^ees^.ⁿ^o^{t m}^o^{re th}^an^fⁱ^v^e^y^ears^or
^uni^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns^com^p^u^t^{er data.}^wⁱ^{re, oral, or electron}ⁱ^c^bot^h^.
^s^e^rv^ice.^c^o^m^m^uni^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns.
^m^put^{er F}^r^a^{ud a}ⁿ^d^Aⁿ^y^oⁿ^e^.^C^om^pu^t^e^rsⁱⁿ^Aⁿ^ag^g^rⁱ^e^v^e^{d pers}^on^m^a^y^briⁿ^g^Co^m^p^en^sato^r^y^d^a^m^a^g^e^{s an}^dⁱⁿ^j^uⁿ^c^tiv^e^Fo^r^sim^p^{le v}ⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^,
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RS21229}^-^{18 U}^.^S^.^C^.^§^w^h^ich^th^er^{e is}^su^{it w}^ithⁱⁿ^tw^o^y^ear^{s af}^ter^r^e^lief^.^Dam^a^g^e^{s ar}^{e lim}^ited^to^ecoⁿ^o^mⁱ^c^im^p^r^isoⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^u^p^to^oⁿ^{e y}^ear
^g/w^{a f}^e^deral^vⁱ^ol^atⁱ^oⁿ^occu^rs^{or di}^s^c^ov^ery^dam^a^g^e^s^.^an^d/^{or f}ⁱⁿ^e^{. F}^o^{r v}ⁱ^ol^atⁱ^oⁿ^s^f^o^r
^s^.orⁱⁿ^ter^e^st.^of^t^h^{e dam}^a^g^e^.^gaⁱⁿ^o^rⁱ^nvo^l^vⁱ^{ng m}^o^r^e^t^h^aⁿ
^le^ak^{$5,000, i}^m^pri^s^on^m^eⁿ^t^u^p^t^o
^fⁱ^v^e^y^ears^an^{d/or f}ⁱⁿ^e^{. For}
^://wiki^repeat^of^f^eⁿ^d^ers^,ⁱ^m^pri^s^on^m^eⁿ^t
^h^ttp^u^p^t^o^{10 y}^ears^an^d/^{or f}ⁱⁿ^e^.
^a^m^m^-^Lea^c^h-^B^liley^Fi^na^ncⁱ^a^l^N^oⁿ^-^pu^blⁱ^c^{No. C}^oⁿ^s^u^m^ers^can^com^p^lain^FT^C^au^th^{orized to br}ⁱⁿ^g^en^f^o^rcem^en^{t action}^s^Fi^ne^,ⁱ^m^p^rⁱ^s^oⁿ^m^e^nt^fo^r^no^t
^-^{15 U}^.^S^.^C^.^{§§ 6801-}ⁱⁿ^stitu^tioⁿ^s^pers^on^al^t^o^on^{e of}^t^h^{e s}^e^v^eⁿ^f^e^deral^an^d^im^p^o^s^{e civ}^{il p}^eⁿ^a^{lties f}^o^r^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^as^m^o^{re t}^h^an^{5 y}^ears^,^{or bot}^h^.
^fi^na^ncⁱ^a^l^ag^en^cies^th^{at h}^a^v^e^j^u^ris^d^iction^uⁿ^f^{air an}^{d deceptiv}^{e trade acts}^{or practices}^En^h^aⁿ^ced^p^eⁿ^a^{lties f}^o^r
^records^.^an^{d en}^f^o^rcem^en^{t au}^th^ority^ov^er⁵^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e Federal T}^r^{ade C}^o^m^mⁱ^s^sⁱ^on^A^c^t.^ag^g^r^av^{ated cas}^es^.

^fⁱⁿ^aⁿ^c^{ial in}^stitu^tioⁿ^s^.
⁴ See, Conboy v. AT&T Corp., 241 F.3d 242,251 (2d Cir. 2001)(finding that Section 222 of the Act did not provide for the recovery of
presumed , or “statutory,” damages).
⁵ The seven federal agencies which enforce the privacy provisions are: (1) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation; (2) the Federal
Reserve; (3) the Office of Thrift Supervision; (4) the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency; (5) the National Credit Union
Administration; (6) the Securities and Exchange Commission; and (7) the Federal Trade Commission.

CRS-5
^tle^A^pplies^T^o^Records^Pri^{vate R}ⁱ^gh^{t of A}^c^ti^on^Cⁱ^vi^l^Pen^a^l^t^y^C^ri^mⁱⁿ^a^l^Pen^a^l^t^y
^Covered
^Privacy^State^D^e^part^m^eⁿ^t^of^Aⁿ^ag^g^rⁱ^e^v^e^{d pers}^on^m^a^y^briⁿ^g^A^c^t^u^al^dam^a^g^e^s⁽ⁿ^ot^l^e^s^s^t^h^an^$2,500),^Fⁱⁿ^e^f^o^{r a pers}^on^w^h^o
^{- 1}⁸^depart^m^eⁿ^t^m^o^t^o^r^ve^hi^c^l^e^{a civ}^{il actio}ⁿ^f^o^r^im^p^r^o^p^e^r^u^s^e,^p^uⁿ^itiv^{e d}^a^m^a^g^e^{s f}^o^r^w^illf^u^l^o^r^r^eck^less^kno^wⁱ^ngl^y^vi^o^l^a^t^e^s^t^h^e^l^a^w^.
^S^.^C^.^{§ 2721.}^of^m^o^t^o^r^records^.^dis^c^los^u^{re or receipt of}^dis^r^eg^{ard of}^th^{e law}^,^an^{d reas}^on^able
^ve^hi^c^l^e^s^p^e^r^s^oⁿ^{al in}^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^.^atto^rⁿ^ey^s’^f^{ees an}^d^o^t^h^e^r^litig^atioⁿ^co^sts.
^T^h^{e A}^ttorn^ey^Gen^e^{ral m}^a^y^im^pos^{e a civ}ⁱ^l
^pen^a^l^t^y^ofⁿ^o^t^m^o^{re t}^h^an^{$5,000 a day}^f^o^r
^su^b^s^tan^{tial n}^oⁿ^c^o^m^p^lian^ce.
^r^ade^Pe^r^s^on^s^,^Deceptiv^e^No.^I^f^th^{e FT}^C^fⁱⁿ^d^s^th^{at a practice v}ⁱ^olates^th^e^Noⁿ^e^.
^m^mⁱ^ssioⁿ^Act^{- 1}⁵^partⁿ^e^r-^practices^an^d^A^c^{t it m}^a^y^is^s^u^{e a ceas}^{e an}^{d des}ⁱ^s^t^order.
^S^.^C^.^{§§ 41}^{et s}^e^q^.^ship^s,^aⁿ^d^unfaⁱ^r^J^u^{dicial rev}ⁱ^ew^av^ailable.
^corpor-^m^e^t^h^ods^.^In^j^uⁿ^c^tⁱ^v^{e rel}ⁱ^e^f^{or pen}^a^l^t^y^u^p^t^o^{$10,000 f}^o^r
ⁱ^{ki/CRS-RS21229}^atioⁿ^s^.^each^vⁱ^olation^.
^g/w^s^Oⁿ^line^C^o^mme^r^-^P^e^r^s^oⁿ^ally^{No -}^{State attorn}^ey^s^g^eⁿ^e^ral^T^h^{e FT}^C^is^au^th^{orized to brin}^g^en^f^o^rcem^en^t^Noⁿ^e^.
^s^.or^{vacy Protecti}^oⁿ^A^c^t^cial^id^en^tif^iab^l^e^m^a^y^b^rⁱⁿ^g^civ^{il actio}ⁿ^oⁿ^actioⁿ^s^an^d^im^p^o^s^{e civ}^{il p}^eⁿ^a^{lties f}^o^r
^le^ak^.^S^.^C^.^{§§ 6501}^et^w^e^bsⁱ^t^e^s^orⁱⁿ^f^o^r^m^atioⁿ^o^f^b^e^h^a^lf^o^f^th^{e r}^e^sid^eⁿ^t^{s to}^:^vⁱ^olation^s^as^uⁿ^f^{air an}^{d deceptiv}^{e trade acts}
^q^.^oⁿ^lin^e^miⁿ^o^r^s^.^-^en^j^oⁱⁿ^practice^{or practices}^uⁿ^d^{er th}^{e Federal T}^r^ade
^://wiki^s^e^rv^ices^-^en^f^o^{rce com}^p^lian^c^e^C^o^mmi^s^sⁱ^oⁿ^A^c^t^.
^h^ttp^targ^{eted at}^-^o^b^t^ain^d^a^m^a^g^e^{, r}^e^stitu^tioⁿ^,
^ch^ild^r^eⁿ^.^{or ot}^h^e^{r com}^p^en^s^a^tⁱ^oⁿ^.
^l^ec-^An^y^oⁿ^e^.^S^t^o^r^e^d^Aⁿ^ag^g^rⁱ^e^v^e^{d pers}^on^m^a^y^briⁿ^g^Dam^a^g^e^{s eq}^u^a^{l to}^th^{e lo}^{ss an}^d^g^aⁱⁿ^Fo^r^vⁱ^o^l^atioⁿ^s^co^m^m^itted^f^o^r
ⁱ^c^C^o^m^m^uⁿⁱ^cati^on^s^electronⁱ^c^su^it.^asso^ciated^w^ith^th^{e o}^f^f^eⁿ^s^{e b}^u^{t n}^o^{t less th}^an^m^a^liciou^s^an^{d m}^e^rcen^ary
ⁿ^sa^ct^io^na^l^c^o^mm-^$1,000^pu^rpos^es^{, i}^m^pri^s^on^m^eⁿ^t^u^p^t^o
^Acces^s^Act^{- 1}⁸^uni^c^a^tⁱ^o^ns.^on^{e y}^{ear an}^{d/or f}ⁱⁿ^e^u^p^to
^S^.^C^.^{§ 2701 et}^s^e^q.^{$250,000. F}^o^{r l}^e^s^s^e^{r of}^f^eⁿ^s^es^,
^im^p^r^isoⁿ^m^eⁿ^t^o^fⁿ^o^{t m}^o^r^e^th^an
^si^{x m}^o^nt^{hs a}ⁿ^d^/^o^r^fi^ne^o^f^no^t
^m^o^{re t}^h^an^$5,000.